Elever i den svenska grundskolan blir allt sämre på matematik enligt den senaste PISA undersökningen. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att besvara om användandet av laborativt material inom matematikundervisningen i grundskolan förbättrar elevernas matematikkunskaper och vad som påverkar användandet av laborativt material.Denna kvalitativa litteraturstudie är baserad på nio tidigare studier. Den visar att användning av laborativt material i undervisningen bidrar till att öka grundskolelevers matematikkunskaper. Flera faktorer påverkar resultatet och hur materialet används, lärarens uppfattning om laborativt material, kombinationen av tydliga instruktioner till eleverna och ett bra anpassat laborativt material för respektive matematikproblem samt lärarens egen kompetens att använda sig av materialet i undervisningen..

The Swedish Textile industry has since the beginning of the 70-ties moved their production to countries with cheap labour further and further away. The production in the Baltic countries and Asia has become reality for many Swedish manufacturing companies. With today?s technology the communication with remote countries has ceased to be a problem. The difficulties have instead turned out to be more focused on transportation of goods and just in time deliveries to Sweden.

Erythropoiesis is a complex and carefully controlled process which is mainly regulated by erythropoietin. Using flow cytometry cells in a blood sample can be analyzed one by one. ADVIA 2120 using flow cytometry for analysis of red blood cells (RBC) and reticulocytes. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a component of the RBC method. RDW indicates size variation on erythrocytes and is measured as a percentage of the mean cell volume (MCV). By measuring the RDW anemia can be divided into makrocytic, microcytic or normocytic. Reticulocytes refract light more strongly than red blood cells because they contain some cellular debris. The number of reticulocytes in the peripheral blood reflects erythropoiesis in the bone marrow. The purpose of this project was that by approved methods to establish reference ranges for the parameters, RDW and reticulocyte counts.The individuals who participated in the study, n=124, were considered healthy and had varying ethnicity. Reference subjects had not donated blood the last six months and participation in the study was voluntary.The statistic evaluation includes examination of distribution, and reference ranges for both men and women were established using the 2.5:t and 97.5:t percentiles. The calculated reference interval for RDW was between 12.0 ? 14.3% and the calculated reference interval for reticulocytes was between 38.0 ? 112.8 x109 cells/L. The results showed a significant difference between males and females for the parameter reticulocytes was seen. The difference indicates that different reference ranges should be established for men and women (p<0,0001). No significant difference between males and females were seen for RDW (p=0,74) indicating that the same reference ranges can be used for both men and women. .

The report aims to describe the austenitic stainless steel Sanicro 25 from a thermomechanical point of view. The thermal and mechanical properties of the material make it suitable for use in coal ? and thermal power plants. By the use of Sanicro 25 it would be possible to bring the efficiency of these plants up while bringing the carbon emissions down.A material model is created from material testing and validated through simulation in the finite element software Abaqus. The model that has been derived describes the material behavior during loading and stress relaxation for the first cycle in a thermomechanical fatigue test well.

I Hyllie stadsdel har 47 procent av barnen i åldrarna 6-15 utländsk bakgrund. Vilka försök görs för att få dem att känna sig delaktiga och engagerade i sitt område? Vad görs från skolans, stadsdelsförvaltningens och ideellt håll för att skapa bättre framtidsutsikter för barnen? Här finns svaren..

Introduction: Analysts worldwide valuates stocks and companies by using different valuation models. The models are used to calculate how much public company?s stocks are worth and to identify whether stocks are over- or undervalued.  Objective: The objective of this essay is to study which valuation models are mainly used by financial analysts in Swedish banks. The purpose is also to study how reliable these models are considered. Method: The empirical study is based on a qualitative approach through interviews with financial analysts. The study includes both primary data (interviews) and secondary data (literature, websites and scientific articles)Theory: The theory chapter includes methods of analysis (fundamental and technical analysis), Valuation models, components of valuation and an example of a valuation with the Discounted cash flow model. Empirical study: The study includes a qualitative research that consists of interviews with financial analysts.

Contemporary libraries face challenges in transforming their organization to meet the digitalized society. To develop the process of digitization of literature is a natural way for libraries to go when they already have more visitors online than physically. Since the demand for digital material is so sought after, we feel challenged to address the challenges of the Internet as an emerging functional medium for distributing knowledge. These developments will be able to significantly modify the nature of literature as well as the existing system of quality assurance. In this study, we explored and analyzed a digitization project at a research library.

When protection zones for wells are delineated, it is important to acquire good knowledge about possible travel time from different points in the catchment area to the well. Often, simple analytical methods are used for estimating travel times and the assumption is made that the hydraulic conductivity is relatively homogenous within the aquifer. Nevertheless, many aquifers are strongly heterogeneous which may lead to differences between estimates and actual travel times. As a part of the process to develop improved methods for delineating protection zones for groundwater supply wells, a tracer experiment was performed in a glaciofluvial esker formation in Järlåsa. On the basis of the experiment, a numerical flow model was created for the test site.The purpose of this master?s thesis was to apply the flow model to an aquifer where the hydraulic conductivity shows great variability and should be described by a stochastic distribution.

Construction projects are organized in different shapes and disturbances in the information flow in these processes can lead to problems, such as delays and/or a lower quality. Therefore, a well-functioning interaction between actors and a well thought out-communication at an early stage is of crucial importance. The main question is "How does the communication of decision and information flow in the building process and what barriers and opportunities can be observed?". This diploma work has been written with guidance from Bjerking AB and to answer this question, a collection of empirical data conducted via semi-structured interviews.

This essay examines through a sociological perspective how physical objects in Ted Kooser?s poetry collection "Delights & Shadows" can be used to depict the characters? social environment. This is done by examining the physical objects found in 25 poems, the relationships between subjects and objects, and how this relationship can describe the social environment. The essay also examines how the relationship between subjects, objects, and the presence of the social environment within the text affects the reader experience. The physical objects are examined with Bill Brown?s Thing Theory as "things" that stop working for humans, when their flow within the circuits of production and distribution, consumption and exhibition is arrested, however momentarily.

Jag har låtit min yttre miljö vara en stark tongivare och låtit det förenas med mitt verk. Det mesta av mitt arbete har jag utfört i min egen verkstad. Det är en ateljé utformad runt en traditionellguldsmedsverkstad med de verktyg och material som hör till. Där har jag omgivit mig med bilder, material och föremål som intresserar mig.Resan och förflyttandet mellan HDK och min verkstad var min utgångspunkt. Det har jag dokumenterat och uttryckt i olika material..

Our report procedure identification of instability and disturbance in an automatic manufacturing line of processing and assembling of chair sliding rails at Sapas manufacturing department in Vetlanda.To obtain a stabile ground we have mapped the Material flow to receive a comprehensive view and to visualise connections.We have examined cycle times at different stations in purpose to identificate bottlenecks. The result of our examination showed that the bottleneck of the line was the brush station. This leads to that the expected bottlenecks identificated by Sapa gets a delay time and by that a longer cycle time.Interruptions has a clear negative influence at the line performance so we have also assemble data through the operators report list and compiled these in order to find out the interruptions effect on the line. The outcome during our assembled period was that the reported interruptions corresponded about 30 percent of the total available production time. This has a clear negative effect on the line productivity and efficiency as we have calculated in order to get the present status..

Syftet med vår undersökning var att ta reda på hur läraren och eleverna ser på användandet av laborativt material i förskoleklassens matematikundervisning. Undersökningen genomfördes med hjälp av observationer och intervjuer av tre lärare och nio elever i samma kommun. Resultatet visar att lärarna och eleverna ser olika på användandet av laborativt material. Lärarna förhåller sig positiva till användandet och menar att de alltid har stöd av laborativt material i undervisningen. Eleverna däremot visar en osäkerhet kring syftet med användandet av materialen och har svårt att se det matematiska innehållet..

Syftet med detta examensarbete var att undersöka vad tre klasslärare för årskurs 1-3 anser om laborativt material i matematikundervisningen och hur de själva arbetar med detta i sin egen matematikundervisning. Detta undersöktes med hjälp av en kvalitativ studie med intervjuer och observationer. Observationerna användes för att se om det som lärarna ansåg om laborativt material speglades i deras undervisning. Med intervjuerna kunde vi ta reda på vad lärarna ansåg att det kan finnas för möjligheter och hinder med användandet av laborativt material i matematikundervisningen. Resultatet visar att lärarna överlag är positiva till användandet av laborativt material.

In Sweden more than 400 000 private households have not yet sufficient wastewater purification. These effluent is considered as an increasing problem and many onsite purification methods have been studied. In this investigation, the method of reactive bed filters have been tested by column and batch experiments. Five different kinds of filter materials with reactive surfaces have been studied concerning their capacity to absorb ammonium and phosphorus from wastewater. The materials that were examined are Filtra N, wollastonite Filtra P, blast furnace slag and Polonite®.