Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen var att göra en analys av vilka resultat som deltagarna uppnått efter 2 års dagvårdsbehandling på Överviktsenheten, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset. Följande frågor står i fokus för denna studie:? Svarar män och kvinnor olika på behandlingen i fråga om relativ och absolut viktminskning?? Finns det skillnader mellan ursprungs-BMI (kg/m2) och viktminskningen, i relativa och absoluta termer?? Skiljer sig olika åldersgrupper åt i fråga om relativ och absolut viktminskning?? Hur ändras sjukdomsprevalensen för IGT/diabetes typ II, höga triglyceridnivåer, hypertoni och metabolt syndrom under behandlingens gång?Metod: Behandlingen innefattar beteendemodifikation i form av förändrade kostvanor och ökad fysisk aktivitet. Uträkningarna baseras på tre mätningar; före behandlingsstart, samt efter 1 och 2 år. Dessa består av blodprover samt längd, vikt och blodtryck.

District heating covers around 80 % of the heating demand in apartment buildings and 10 % in single-family homes in Sweden. In the year 2010 the total input of energy to the Swedish district heating grids was about 70 TWh, which corresponds to 11 % of the total energy input to the whole energy system in the country. Through the combined production of heat and power the CHP-plants often reaches an efficiency of 90 % from energy in the fuel to produced heat and power. In order to keep the efficiency high it is important for the owners of the plant to have good knowledge about the plants performance at different operation points. Strängnäs Energi AB initiated this diploma work together with FVB Sverige ab in order to come up with a program for short term planning of the production of heat and power at the company´s CHP-plant.The work consists of three main parts.

Carbon sequestration through restoration of degraded pastoral soils is an advocated way of mitigating global warming, and simultaneously alleviating poverty. An often proposed rehabilitation strategy is fencing of pastures, a method that was introduced to the farmers of Chepareria by the Vi-Agroforestry organization in 1987. The landscape of Chepareria changed from eroded, over-grazed grasslands, to a mixture of open-grazed commons, pastoral enclosures and cultivations. The aim of this study was to investigate (1) if the soil organic carbon (SOC) is higher inside the enclosures than on the open-grazed commons, (2) if SOC is affected by duration of fencing and (3) what effect cultivation of pastures has on the SOC. Estimations of vegetation cover and deep profile (100cm) soil sampling was performed on six clusters containing; (1) open-grazing (OG) (2) 1-5 years of fencing (FENCED(1)), (3) 7-10 years of fencing (FENCED(2)), (4) 15-23 years of fencing (FENCED(3)), (5) maize from OG (A(OG)), (6) maize from fenced pasture (A(FENCED)).

Since the 1970s voting behaviour has changed. Party identification and class voting has declined. As the electorate becomes more volatile, campaign strategy and party image becomes essential. Political communication and mass media now play an important role in election campaigns. Therefore, researchers take an interest in the impact of media on public opinion.

As emission legislations across the world continuously pushes engine development forward,engineers constantly need to come up with and implement fuel saving technologies. During thelast decade, variable cam phasing has become a popular solution to increase gas exchangeefficiency. This configuration is typically mechanically constrained by camshaft limitations, anda solution to circumvent this problem would be to use a different valve actuation principle.One example of this is to use pressurized air controlled by electrical solenoids. Such a systemhas been developed byCargine Engineering and this provides the starting point for this work. Tobe able to operate the valvetrain on an actual engine, a control system is needed.

Problem discussion: That empowerment and autonomy can lead to desirable effects on employees is clear. Previous research has found correlations between empowerment and e.g. motivation, job satisfaction, productivity, loyalty and commitment. However, a control problem arises when employees have more freedom in decision-making which could potentially lead to undesirable outcomes. It thus becomes a type of dilemma for management and managers where you have to try to balance a restrictive use of the control system (to maintain control) and an enabling use (to promote empowerment).Purpose: The purpose of this study is therefore to identify how a company can use its control system in order to achieve empowerment while maintaining acceptable levels of control.

The aim of this study is to enlighten how todays working environment affects young individuals descriptions of how to reach success in work life, now often titled as ?career?. Our purpose has been to analyse how the term career is constituted discursively among young people in jobs characterized by flexibility. The study is based on six qualitative interviews with young adults in the media industry, all between 20-30 years old. By utilising a Foucaultdian discourse analysis we want to expose how the competing and dominating discourses, that our interviewees? statements are based on, can be associated with a wider social context.  The study reveals that our interviewees describe career in two separate ways, both positively and negatively.

Horses are made to eat mainly roughage and it is essential for optimal health to offer them an appropriate amount of roughage with good hygienic and nutritional qualities. To produce good hay at the right time and be able to keep the hygienic quality until next summer is a problem. This has the effect that horse owners today choose haylage and silage to a larger extent. Science in this area is scarce, i.e. if the change from hay to silage has any effect on the horse.

StoraEnso decided in year 2002 to build a pulp mill in the province of Guangxi, southernChina, and also establish eucalyptus plantations to provide it with raw material. By 2010StoraEnso controls about 90 000 of planned 120 000 ha, out of 75 000 ha is already plantedwith Eucalyptus.By using better genetic material, improve the tending, selecting the sites more careful and byusing a proper fertilization regime StoraEnso hopes to increase the mean annual incrementfrom today?s 25 m3/ha, on bark, to 35 m3/ha. This study is one part in this work to increase themean annual increment in the plantation.This master thesis is the forth in a series, that has followed up a fertilization trial that startedin spring 2006 when the trial was laid out and treatments decided. The aim with the trial is toexamine the production potential of Eucalyptus urophylla in Guangxi, southern China.

Bakgrund: I dagens samhälle har varumärken kommit att spela en allt större roll för såväl konsumenter som företag. Varumärken fungerar som en ledsagare i individers sökande efter identitet och samtidigt som en gemensam nämnare eller tillhörighetsfaktor inom olika subkulturer. Företag kan med hjälp av symboliska värden sända ut signaler som stämmer överens med olika individers värderingar och på så sätt attrahera konsumenter och samtidigt ringa in en önskad målgrupp. Dock kan även det motsatta inträffa, det vill säga en annan grupp än den tänkta målgruppen kan komma att adoptera ett företags varumärke och göra detta till en del av gruppens image.Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att identifiera och åskådliggöra hur en subkultur kan påverka det symboliska värdet av ett varumärke.Genomförande: För att uppnå syftet har det verkliga fenomenet hip-hopkulturens adoption av varumärket Adidas valts att empiriskt undersökas. Detta utifrån kvalitativa intervjuer gjorda med respondenter från hip-hopkulturen så som bland andra gruppen Latin Kings och Infinite Mass, tillsammans med personer från företaget Adidas, samt analyschefen på MTV Nordic Networks och radioproducenten Stefan Wermelin.Resultat: Denna undersökning visar bland annat på att en subkultur kan påverka det symboliska värdet på ett varumärke genom att inte enbart ta till sig de symboliska karaktärer varumärket står för, utan även överföra subkulturens värderingar på varumärkets image.

Uppsatsen har syftat till att belysa Sveriges närområde ur ett säkerhetspolitiskt perspektiv och samtidigt finna faktorer som påverkat Sveriges säkerhetspolitiska rollval. Vidare ämnade uppsatsen att förklara, det vill säga hitta orsaksförklaringar till varför den säkerhetspolitiska miljön i Sveriges närområde ser ut som den gör. Då uppsatsen är att se som teorikonsumerande har svaren sökts genom vald teori som utgår från en regional säkerhetspolitisk analys. Vidare har även ansatser gjort ur Nils Andréns säkerhetspolitiska struktur. De teoretiska ansatserna har sedan använts som analysmodell där fyra nivåer har applicerats på empirin.

The last decade has created an increasing pressure on companies to decrease their impact on the environment and to increase their effectiveness of recycling the company?s resources, especially for the steel industry. Companies have also started to realize the economic aspects of an effective internal reverse logistics. In the past the value of an effective internal reverse logistic was something that companies tend to underestimate and there are few academic studies done in this area. The purpose of this essay has been to identify key factors to create an effective in plant storage, transport, sorting and handling of returned steel. From these factors a generalized model for creating an effective return steel flow will be developed.

Bakgrund: Fall är den vanligaste orsaken till varför personer 65 år och äldre skadar sig. Orsaken kan t ex vara nedsatt balans- och benmuskelstyrka. Balans- och styrketräning för nedre extremiteterna kan avsevärt minska förekomsten av fallhändelser. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att klargöra vilka metoder som används för personer i åldersgruppen 65 år och äldre med avsikten att förbättra balans, benmuskelstyrka, gång- och förflyttningsförmåga och därmed minska risken för fall. Metod: Litteratursökning utfördes i de medicinska databaserna PubMed, CINAHL och Proquest.

In the essay, the balance between being an educator and a mother of a child with autism is explored in respect to how the roles might influence the actions of a pre-school teacher. Writing is used as a method of reflection, it gives the teacher a chance to take a step back and view her practical experiences from a novel perspective; conclusions are recounted throughout the teachers narrative. The essay is based on the following questions; which problems might arise in the meeting with parents such as Adams where there is a suspicion of autism for the child? Which advantages/disadvantages might the teacher?s personal experience of autism have for the role as educator? How would the dual roles as educator and mother of an autistic child best be balanced in the future?The essay highlights special educational and parent perspectives on the matter of autism. Professor of pedagogy Claes Nilholm, specializes in special needs education.

An energy study has been performed on two blocks in an area called Gävle Strand. The buildings are owned by a tenant-owner?s association called brf Carolina and were built by the company Skanska 2008. The builder as well as brf Carolina are pussled by the fact that electricity use is higher than expected while heating is less. Skanska is also very interested in finding out how much heat recovery from stale exhaust air through a geo-thermal heat pump is contributing to the general heating requirement and energy balance in four out of the ten buildings located on the properties.To find possible answers to the higher electricity use a literature survey on user behaviour was conducted.