Kommunerna kan sedan början av 1990-talet välja mellan att erbjuda nyanlända flyktingarsocialbidrag eller introduktionsersättning. Den sistnämnda ersättningen infördes med ambitionenatt den ska öka förutsättningarna för flyktingar att snabbt bli självförsörjande. Med hjälp av enlinjär sannolikhetsmodell skattas effekten av introduktionsersättningen på utfallsvariabler somkan förknippas med integration i allmänhet och möjligheter att på sikt bli självförsörjande isynnerhet. Resultaten visar att deltagandet i sfi-undervisningen ökar bland flyktingar som bosattsig i kommuner som erbjuder de nyanlända introduktionsersättning. När beroendevariabler somförvärvsarbete på kort och längre sikt studeras ger dock resultaten inget stöd för attintroduktionsersättningen har en positiv påverkan på flyktingarnas försörjningsmöjligheter..

The purpose of this thesis is to through the analysis of interviews with finance professionals in listed companies answer the question on what lies behind capital structure decisions, and to see how well the prevailing theories fit the answers. This article is an explorative and descriptive hypothesis creating study. We have used a qualitative method to analyse practice through theory. We have conducted telephone interviews with CFO:s and financial executives in Swedish listed companies on how they reason when they make capital structure decisions. We have then thoroughly reviewed the theory and empirical tests of the theories.

This essay contains two stories that reflect the reality I face as an educator, as well as a reflective discussion about my self-perceived dilemma. The dilemma reflects a classroom situation where I as an educator have trouble dividing my focus, my focus is either put on entire the class or on the child with special needs. Through this self-perceived situation I have started to question how children with special needs find their place in the school today. I discuss how I can handle and look at the unique situation that occurs when meeting this child.Terms like integration, inclusion, segregation, social rights and the expression "a school for everyone" will be discussed in this text, as well as how we can connect these terms and expressions to the problems I find in the school system?s way of handling children with special needs.I also highlight my dilemma from different ethical perspective.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka orsakerna som invandrarkillar har när de väljer fotboll före andra sporter, samt varför väljer de att spela fotboll tillsammans med andra invandrarkillar i en invandrarförening. Huvudsyfte är att undersöka om fotbollen i det fallet fungerar som integrationsfaktor.För att få svar på detta använder jag mig av följande frågeställningar:Vilka är orsakerna till att invandrarkillar väljer fotbollen före andra sporter?Varför väljer de att spela fotboll i ett invandrarlag?Har fotbollen någon inverkan för deras integration?För att uppnå mitt syfte har jag intervjuat fem invandrarkillar som spelar fotboll i en invandrarförening. För att få inblick i andra aktörers resonemang omkring invandrarkillars förhållningssätt till regler och till andra aktörer, intervjuade jag också några fotbollsspelare med svensk bakgrund, samt fotbollsdomare och tränare.Resultatet visar att killarna i min studie är integrerade i det svenska samhället, fast de uppfattar sig inte som svenskar. Genom fotbollen, skolan och andra arenor har de integrerat i det svenska samhället och samtidigt lyckats att behålla sin kultur och värderingar.

Title: Market Communication in transformation Authors: Gabriella Holm and Christoffer LarssonPurpose/Aim: The purpose of this paper is to examine how market communication at PR-firms in Sweden has changed over the first decade of the 21-century. In 2007 social media expanded on the Swedish market. This had implications for the way we are looking at communication and therefore also the PR business and how they are operating. The aim with this paper is to see how social media have affected marketing communication at PR-firms.Methodology: This paper is based on case studies from Swedish PR-firms. We used five cases from 2003-2005 and five from 2010-2012.

Garden center and market gardens are a growing trade, undergoing great changes with new actors and purchasing habits. The interest in gardens and plants is steadily increasing, official statistics show an increase of garden plants and flower consumption, of an annual 3 per cent. Garden centers and market gardens are in great need of development to be able to tackle the prevailing competition, and maintain a steady growth. Many companies are heading for a generation shift and are founding it difficult to find and employ younger managers. The aim of this report is to examine different strategies of garden centers and market gardens through the manager/ owner?s views and opinions about competition, growth and success.

AbstractThe aim of my study has been to investigate which expectations students at The Hotel and Restaurant Programme have for their futue working life and labour market. I want to investigate if these expectations are important factors that female dominance is large within the meal service sector. I have chosen to do qualitative interviews to discover these expectations.Some explanations that the respondent give for the gender differences within the restaurant and meal service sectors are the old tradition of male and female work. Furthermore the possibility of becoming well known within the market and the possibility for personal development in this market are described as important factors.The answers to my questions show that all respondents are positive to future work markets; also they all want to work within the restaurant sector and not in the meal service sector. The reasons for their choice cannot give a complete explanation to why female dominance is so big within the meal service sector.Keywords: Gender, status and celebrity-hood..

An effective Integration policy is important in Sweden while our government has decided and committed to be a country where everybody will be given the same opportunities. There is a greater awareness in today?s society of integration policy goals such as equal rights, responsibilities and opportunities for all. In a number of areas, however, the disparities between immigrants and Swedish-born citizens are still too large.The Swedish Riksdag decided on integration policy in 1997. The main task for this thesis will be to examine the motive behind the Government's decision to revoke immigrations policy and introduce integration policy.

Banks are an important institution for the economy of a society. During the later years the world of banking has changed. Several new actors have entered the market and taken over traditional bankservices as well as new ones. The way of conducting banking has changed with the event of new technology. One of the banks customer segments, the students have also been under a change.

Glulam?s position at the Swedish market for building constructions has been established over the past decades. Factors affecting glulam demand are found both in global and national contexts as well in customer attitudes and knowledge of the material. Arguments for environmentally friendly and sustainable construction processes and energy-efficient designs are nowadays common, which is something that should motivate increased usage of wood as a renewable material. For the glulam industry to increase its sales, improve profitability and thereby gain market share in present competitive climate, reliable market information and updated market intelligence is required.

The grain market is facing substantial changes. Tradionally, cereal has been a supply-led market i.e. supply conditions have had a major impact on price level or indirectly, through market interventions implemented through the Common Agriculture Policy (CAP). Just a few years ago, Sweden and the EU were not affected so strongly by world market prices for cereals. EU was a surplus-area and to a substantial degree a local market.

Vår studie handlar om hur pedagoger på två utvalda förskolor arbetar och förhåller sig till ett interkulturellt förhållningssätt. Ett interkulturellt förhållningssätt innebär att man accepterar och värderar alla kulturer på samma sätt och under samma omständigheter. Syftet med denna studie var att synliggöra vad ett interkulturellt förhållningsätt kunde innebära och det undersökte vi genom att intervjua sex olika pedagoger om hur de ser på integration, kulturmöten och hur de tar del av barnens kulturella olikheter i förskolan. Frågeställningen som vi valde att undersöka var: Hur ser pedagoger på två mångkulturella förskolor på kulturmöten och de kulturella olikheter de möter i verksamheten? För att kunna få vår frågeställning besvarad intervjuade vi sex pedagoger som arbetar på två olika mångkulturella förskolor. Resultatet vi fick visade att de två olika förskolorna arbetade utifrån ett likartat förhållningssätt när det gällde att ta del av barns olika kulturella bakgrunder men pedagogerna hade olika synsätt på vad en integration var.

Uppsatsen är genomförd utifrån hermeneutikens kvalitativa metod, där vår förhoppning har varit att uppnå en ökad förståelse kring pedagogernas förhållningssätt till integration i skolan. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka vad lärare på de besökta skolorna har för förhållningssätt till integration i skolan utifrån två perspektiv svenskhet kontra mångfald. Studien genomfördes men hjälp av intervjufrågor eftersom respondenterna då ges möjlighet att med egna ord presentera sina tankar kring ämnet för studien. Det vi kom fram till i denna studie är att språket är en viktig beståndsdel i integrering avelever oavsett om det är en mångkulturell skola, en skola med kulturella olikheter, eller en svensk skola, en skola med elever med få kulturella olikheter. Elevernas bakgrund ska inte ha någon betydelse när det gäller bemötandet eller bedömningen utan den ska vara likvärdig oavsett om det är en elev med annan bakgrund än svensk eller en elev med svensk bakgrund.

Background: Since the early 60?s, the CAPM or Capital Asset Pricing Model, has been an invaluable tool for assessing an asset's expected return, assuming that the asset is added to an already well-diversified portfolio of assets. CAPM theory assume that the unsystematic risk can be diversified and that the systematic, market-specific, risk is determined by the Beta value, from the Greek ?. An investor who takes big risks expect higher returns.One of the CAPM?s basic assumptions is that disruption in the market is not taken into account.

There is much literature covering strategic change under different circumstances but very little concerning how companies act strategically under sudden and radical changes to market conditions. Based on three different events (the terrorist attack in the USA September 11th 2001, the Tjernobyl accident April 26th 1986 and the Islamic revolution in Iran 1979) with such radical changes as a result we chose three companies that were affected (SAS, Asea Atom and Atlas Copco). The result of the events that were studied in this thesis is extremely unusual to their character. The events themselves were sudden and of a temporary nature but the results were long term changes of market conditions. Through personal interviews the authors have tried to establish how the companies have perceived the events and how the top management has strategically handled the situation.