The consociational democracy model in Macedonia, which came out from a warcrisis and a peace agreement from 2001, in addition, putting an end to the violent conflict, actually admits the division of the society along the ethnic lines. Paradoxically, there is an attempt to bridge the ethnic gap with this model. As a result, the consociational democracy model holds solutions that can be abused if somebody misuses its power and desires to disintegrate the country. The future development depends therefore on the moderate attitude of the citizens, and first and foremost, on the political elites and their commitment to the values of democracy and human rights instead of their nationalistic goals. Furthermore, thepresent democratic consolidation in Macedonia is established on the execution of the peace agreement and the improved effectiveness of the institutions.

SammanfattningSyftet med studien var att studera skillnader i vilka mÄl bordtennisspelare anvÀnder sig av beroende pÄ mÄlinriktning. I studien deltog 103 bordtennisspelare (60 mÀn och 43 kvinnor) tÀvlandes i division ett till tre. Metoden som anvÀndes i studien var en kvantitativ undersökning och bestod av enkÀterna Collegiate Goal Setting in Sport Questionnaire (Weinberg, Burton, Yukelson, Weigand, 1993) och Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (Duda & Nicholls, 1992; ref i Duda, 1998). Resultatet i studien visade flera signifikanta skillnader mellan bordtennisspelarna med högre resultatinriktning och bordtennisspelare med en lÀgre resultatinriktning nÀr det gÀller uppfattning om mÄlsÀttning. Resultatet visade exempelvis att bordtennisspelarna med högre resultatinriktning oftare satte resultatmÄl och prestationsmÄl jÀmfört med bordtennisspelare med en lÀgre resultatinriktning.

The thesis has investigated the use of templates in timber framing, a field where there has previously been a lack of comprehensive and clear information. The main goal was to map and describe the various types of templates, their appearance, usage, and function, in order to make this traditional craft more accessible to both professional craftsmen and DIY enthusiasts. The project also aims to contribute to the preservation of traditional building crafts, in alignment with UNESCO's Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage. The methodology used in this study was a literature review, where relevant templates were gathered and analyzed. The templates were then categorized using a system developed by the author, which helped simplify the understanding of the templates functions and uses.

There are an increasing number of unaccompanied children coming to Sweden. Sweden is one of the countries in the world that receive many of them. This awoke my interest to investigate the assessment of financial assistance and ?other living expenses? considering unaccompanied children. My approach was a qualitative study including interviewing five social secretaries working in five different districts in Malmö.

The purpose is to examine social workers view of vulnerable children and their needs. We are also interested to know how social workers think and discuss concerning the help these children are given. Our main questions in our study are; How do social workers define vulnerable children? Which needs do vulnerable children have according to social workers? Which opportunities and difficulties might there be in the decision making when trying to help these children? Which public authorities do social workers cooperate with? Which opportunities and difficulties do social workers find in the cooperation?This study is based upon interviews with ten social workers in the social childcare division in different municipalities in SkÄne region, Sweden. Our results are explained and analyzed with a qualitative approach through different aspects of power- and Human Service Organization theories.

This study investigates how Arabic-speaking students in Sweden use syntax and prepositions in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), and how their writing is influenced by Swedish grammar and Arabic dialects. The focus is on identifying systematic patterns of cross-linguistic influence and variation between different groups of learners. The data consists of written translations by 30 students in grades 7?9 who receive mother tongue instruction in Arabic. All students translated the same Swedish source text into MSA, and the translations were analysed with attention to syntactic structures and the use of prepositions. The theoretical framework draws on transfer theory, interlanguage theory, and the interdependence hypothesis, complemented by perspectives on multilingualism and diglossia. These frameworks make it possible to capture both external influences from Swedish and Arabic dialects, as well as internal processes of second language development.

The aim of this thesis is to describe the customer?s attitudes toward the contracting for availability, i.e., which factors are from the customer?s perspective necessary for the fulfilment of a supplier-customer agreement? Furthermore, the objective is to describe and analyse a supplier-customer relation in the Defence Industrial sphere.The present study has been carried out as a case study using an abductive approach. The thesis is based on a practical problem, i.e. which factors will be important to the customer when a contractor in the Defence Industry wants to increase its commitment of service, and how will their relationship change? The thesis is above all focused on generating knowledge that can lead to rapid and concrete measures and that can be used in the analysis of an increased industrial commitment but also as a case study of a problem of a more general nature in the Defence Industry.

The aim of this essay is to see how various texts, both Swedish and foreign, have described the former Swedish colony of St. Bartholomew. The focus has been on the slaves on the colony, and here how they were treated and how the analyzed authors portray the slaves lives.The literature has been divided up into two different categories, based on when they were published. The distinction has been made by dividing them up into a contemporary cluster, that were published before the 1900?s, as opposed to the more recent literature, from after the 1900?s.

Dokumenterad erfarenhet av otillfredsstÀllande mÄltidsmiljö i svenska skolrestauranger och trender pÄ försÀmrad psykisk hÀlsa bland svenska barn och ungdomar har föranlett till en fyra dagars interventionsstudie med musik i skolmÄltidsmiljö. Studien genomfördes bland maxi-malt 71 grundskoleelever. Syftet med studien var att utforska fenomenet mÄltidsupplevelse i skolmÄltid samt undersöka mÀngd matavfall för elever frÄn Ärskurs 2, 3 och 5. Min frÄgestÀll-ning blev i sin tur, vad för eventuella kan musiken mellan mÀnniska, hÀlsa och mÄltid. Under-sökningsmetoden gick till som en interventionsstudie, i detta fall att tillföra en verklig situa-tion som mÄltiden med musik och att dÀrefter utvÀrdera upplevelser och förhÄllanden.

Aftercare is an important condition for the Care of Alcoholics and Drug Abuse Act (LVM) to be successful. According to the law, the municipals are responsible for the aftercare. We compared how three municipal in SkÄne, Sweden, define and work with the aftercare after treatment under LVM. The study was based on nine qualitative interviews with social workers, division managers and politicians from each municipal. As a theoretical reference the theory of total institutions and empowerment theory were used.

Den hÀr uppsatsen skildrar utvecklingen av flickors skolsituation vid högre allmÀnna lÀroverkets gymnasium i VÀsterÄs mellan Ären 1927 och 1937. Uppsatsen redogör för bÄde lÀrarkollegiets och de manliga elevers attityder gentemot de kvinnliga eleverna. I uppsatsen undersöks Àven vilken ring flickorna valde, latin- eller realringen samt om lÀrarnas attityder pÄ nÄgot sÀtt kom att pÄverka flickornas betyg. Undersökningen visar att lÀrarkollegiet varoenigt i frÄgan rörande flickors rÀtt till högre utbildning. Det frÀmsta argumentet mot att tillÄta flickorna att lÀsa vid gymnasiet var den hÀvdade lokalbristen, nÄgot som Kungl.

I föreliggande studie undersöktes kommunikativa resurser i samtal mellan tre personer med afasi och deras respektive logoped/anhörig. Syftet var att identifiera och analysera resurser som samtalsdeltagarna gemensamt anvÀnde för att uppnÄ intersubjektivitet. Vidare undersöktes om det, utifrÄn vem personen med afasi samtalade med, fanns nÄgon inverkan pÄ hur de kommunikativa resurserna anvÀndes. Sex dyader spelades in och samtalsanalys anvÀndes för att studera materialet. SamtalsÀmnen valdes fritt av samtalsdeltagarna.

Bakgrund: M?nga patienter drabbas av v?rdskada i samband med kirurgi. F?r att minska risken att patienten drabbas av skador beh?ver operationssjuksk?terskan och ?vriga teamet ha goda kommunikationsf?rdigheter f?r att teamarbetet ska fungera. Alla yrkeskategorier har ett gemensamt ansvar f?r patienten och ska systematiskt arbeta f?r att f?rebygga v?rdskador. Operationssjuksk?terskans titel ?r skyddad och en stor del av professionen ?r att arbeta f?rebyggande mot komplikationer under operation.

En elitlicens introducerades i svensk ishockey för 13 Är sedan för att skapa ekonomiskt stabila föreningar. Om inte elitlicensens krav efterföljs riskerar klubbarna en degradering i seriesy-stemet som följd. Trots detta har det Ärligen framkommit ett antal klubbar med ekonomiska bekymmer. Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie Àr att förmedla en bild om hur elitlicensens utformning upplevs inom svensk ishockey. Studien genomfördes genom att besöka tre före-ningar frÄn vardera Elitserien, HockeyAllsvenskan och Division 1.

The aim of this essay is to examine the ambivalence that I consider work of solidarity carried out from majority position to be associated with, and whether it makes sense to understand the relationship between majorities and minorities involved in this work by using the concepts of race and whiteness. Through Ruth Frankenbergs work on white women and race I consider whiteness to be a racialized position, and through Sara Ahmeds phenomenology of whiteness, which describes racialization as made through the orientation of bodies, I investigate how this racialized position is shaped and maintained by the solidarity work. The study is based on qualitative interviews with four White women engaged in two organizations that works on integration of female immigrants through creating jobs in a cooperative and through educating in national and familial democracy. The work of solidarity told of by the interviewees seems to produce racialized notions about immigrated people of color, which acts as a counterpart to the whiteness that the interviewees themselves possess. At the same time, the work also challenge this binary division, especially by incorporating the non-white women in what in this essay is called "the white world"..