Recent studies have reemphasized the importance of competition in democracy. An ideaoriginating from Weber: that demoeratic competition leads to more qualified leaders, has been resurrected. Research shows that democracies are more Iikely to elect leaders with a high leve l of education, and with in demoeratic states stronger competition correlates with elected politicians with higher education, more political experience and higher previous income. This study researehes whether the earrelation between greater competition and electedcandirlates with higher "Curriculum vitae-qualities" holds between electoral systems. Does a more competitive electoral system elect candirlates that score higher on such measures? Using education as a proxy forthese qualities the study traces different outcomes on education in a mixed electoral system, camparing the majoritarian (more competitive) part of the electoral system with the prop011ional (less competitive) part.

The goal of this paper is to examine whether the introduction of a qualifying day in the use of sick insurance in the Swedish welfare system resulted in an increase in the use of parental benefits as substitute to avoid the qualifying day. We believe that this could be the case because of the higher gain from the welfare system. We use OLS to perform a linear regression from a data set from the data base LINDA during 1991-1996. The results in this paper are that there is a significant increase in the parental benefit after the reform although there is a negative trend for parental benefit during the examined period..

A reform of higher education in Sweden in 1993 led to stiffer competitive climate among educational institutions. The reform meant that educational institutions now had the opportunity to plan their curriculum autonomously. Prior to the reform educational planning was restricted to the Swedish government. The new rules spelled a greater opportunity for educational institutions to profile themselves based on their educational offerings. The higher degree of competition means that marketing becomes increasingly important when recruiting new students.

A reform of higher education in Sweden in 1993 led to stiffer competitive climate among educational institutions. The reform meant that educational institutions now had the opportunity to plan their curriculum autonomously. Prior to the reform educational planning was restricted to the Swedish government. The new rules spelled a greater opportunity for educational institutions to profile themselves based on their educational offerings. The higher degree of competition means that marketing becomes increasingly important when recruiting new students.

Sweden needs a policy that stimulates economic growth. Year 1996 the Business Reorganization Act (1996:764) came into force. The goal with this law was to savebusiness, make it profitable and avoid unnecessary bankruptcies. Shortly afterwards itturned out that the law had no positive effect. A very few numbers of companies appliedfor reconstruction and the number of applications for bankruptcies continued to increase.In 2004, in order to stabilize the situation and bring about neutrality between twoproceedings, company reorganization and bankruptcy, the government proposed thereform of priority rules.

Our purpose was to research the new reform amendment" Lag om etableringsinsatser för vissa nyanlända invandrare", and whether the establishment of the reform is good and if it was a necessary amendment. For that reason, we have chosen to answer our purpose in these issues with this question formulation; how can the change of the law establishing operations influence the newcomers in the labour market, the problems the law intends to address, how the new change in the law is different from when the municipality "kommun" was responsible, and how the law can be discussed based on theories of social capital and weak ties. The method used in this study is from a adductive approach where the research is based on both empirical evidence and existing theory that interact between these two. The results that emerged in our work was that the newcomers within the labour market has been remote, the way the municipality?s addressed the problem did not work and the result of this was a new reform amendment, where a new participant established.

Vietnam genomgick i slutit på 1980-talet en ekonomisk reform som kallades Doi Moi. Ett steg i denna reform var att utländska direktinvesteringar (FDI) tilläts komma in i landet, något som tidigare ej var möjligt. FDI inflödet har haft en viktig roll gällande den ekonomiska tillväxten i Vietnam och har fungerat som en byggsten under landets övergång från en planekonomi. Det finns olika faktorer som påverkar investerares beslut att investera utomlands. För att påverka dessa beslut och därmed försöka öka inflödet av FDI har Vietnam utformat och reformerat flertalet investeringspolicys.

Tanken med denna uppsats är att jämföra Sveriges sjukvårdssystem med Danmarks och Norges och analysera om en liknande reform med ökad centralisering, som skett i Norge och som kommer att ske i Danmark, är ett alternativ för Sverige. Alla tre länderna har en historia med decentraliserad, offentligt tillhandahållen sjukvård och vikten läggs vid allas rätt till lika vård. Solidarisk finansiering med skatter är en självklarhet för dessa tre länder. Reformerna som skett i Norge och planeras i Danmark innebär att man går ifrån den traditionella modellen och mer ansvar och makt flyttas över på staten. De danska och norska motsvarigheterna till Sveriges landsting läggs ner och nya sjukvårdsregioner bildas.

Pensionen är en viktig del av en individs framtida liv som mycket väl kan innebära skillnaden mellan ett lyckligt eller miserabelt liv som pensionerad. I vardagen kan vi höra om pensionen och var vi bör vända oss, vare sig det gäller media, affischer eller annan reklam, men vet vi tillräckligt för att kunna pensionsplanera? Denna kvantitativa studie använder sig av data från en norsk enkätundersökning på internet, för att ta reda på vilka faktorer som kan påverka individers pensionsplanering i form av privat sparande. Studien lyckas bekräfta en positiv relation mellan privat sparande och fyra variabler; årsinkomst, åldersgrupp, tankar kring pension samt sysselsättning..

Essay in Political Science, C-level, by Camila Alvarez Cea, spring semester 2010. Tutor: Alf Sundin?Reality or a Political Mirage? ? A Study of the Swedish Press Views on the Health Insurance Reform in the USA? The purpose of this essay is partly to examine whether the picture that Swedish press presents of the health insurance reform in the US, which is part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Act bill, will be of crucial importance to the possibilities that the American population has to receive health insurance. The main research question is accordingly: ?Does the picture that Swedish press presents of the health insurance reform in the USA, seem like something that will be of radical importance to the possibilities of the population to receive healthcare?? The purpose is also to examine in which model (demand or market) the opinions of the Swedish press fits. This purpose will be answered by using three specific questions asking whether their opinions differ when it comes to three criterions: organization, financing/resources and delivery systems.

AbstractAuthors:Stefan Harrå and Magnus BjörkAdvisor: Markku PenttinenTitle: Accounting Consequences of the change in pension accounting Background to problem: When the revised IAS 19 comes into force January 1, 2013, it means that two of the three accounting principles for defined benefit pension plans are disappearing, including the corridor method. The corridor method has made it possible for companies to defer its actuarial gains and losses. Now that the corridor approach abolished then the unrecognized actuarial gains and losses immediately be covered by equity, which involves very large amounts of some companies. Why the amounts have grown so big is much because of the discount rate. The discount rate is a controversial parameter, and there is disagreement on how it should be fixed.Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to examine the accounting implications this will have for the company applied the corridor method, and if there is some parameters in the actuarial assumption that is more important than others.Methodology: The thesis has mainly been based on a qualitative research through qualitative interviews with a small sample that is affected by this change.

Denna uppsats är kvalitativ och behandlar hur den utökade vårdgarantin implementeras i Uppsala Läns Landsting. Med hjälp av Brunsson och Olsens teori om reform implementering och Brunssons teori om organisatoriskt hyckleri har vi analyserat hur reformen implementerats och vilka faktorer som påverkar implementeringen. Reformen syftar till att minska vårdköerna genom rationalisering och effektivisering men även till att påverka organisationens omgivning så att befolkningen får en mer positiv uppfattning om sjukvården. Våra slutsatser är att den utökade vårdgarantin är en utveckling av en tidigare reform och att implementeringen påverkas av tidsaspekten, oklarhet i idé och praktik samt organisationens förhållande till dess omgivning..

Luleå kommun står inför ett generationsskifte och utmaningen att rekrytera nyaarbetstagare, då de äldre arbetstagarna vid kommunen går i pension (Wikner, 2007). Syftet med examensarbetet är att skapa en bild av vad som har fått nuvarande anställda att välja Luleå kommun som arbetsgivare och vad som kan få Luleå kommun att attrahera framtida arbetstagare. Resultaten visar att motivationen hos respondenterna vid Luleå kommun skiljdesig åt beroende på yrke, arbetslivserfarenhet samt utbildning. Respondenterna motiverades bland annat av bra kollegor, förmåner på arbetet och känslan av att utföra ett värdefullt arbete. Anledningen till att de hade flyttat till just Luleå handlade om allt från att deras partner hade flyttat hit, närhet till hemkommun och till en ren slump.

This essay considers the new prison in Kalmar, which was built 1852 and replaced the former prison in the castle of Kalmar. In the forts the conditions were awful and the interms lived together in large rooms. With the new reform that took place in Sweden, with the so-called Philadelphiasystem, the concept was to isolate the prisoner one by one in smaller rooms. The idea was to give them a religious ground so they could get themselves a self-reflection and a conscience. It was a new system for the personnel to control the internals and the order in prison..

This thesis examines the reasons behind the Swedish migration policy reform which led to a replacement of the Aliens Appeal Board by the Migration Court. This introduced a two-party procedure, oral hearings and enhanced transparency. It was designed to guarantee the rule of law and to thwart political arbitrariness.The transfer of power from representative institutions to judiciaries is referred to as judicialization, and the Migration Courts may be considered a typical example of this phenomenon. However, this can be questioned. The straggling nature of the term implies everything and anything unless cautiously defined.