Aim: The aim of this study was to examine health professionalsŽ experiences of giving advice regarding sleep to parents of infants and to perform and evaluate an intervention in the form of introducing information about the sleep of infants.Method: The study was designed as an intervention study with a qualitative approach where data was collected from two focus groups in the form of interviews. The intervention consisted of the information material Sugen pÄ sömn. There were five participants whom three of them participated in the second interview. The interviews were processed by content analysis.Results: Health professionalsŽ experience of giving advice on sleep was summarized in three themes. The experiences of giving advice in interaction with parents, health professional themselves experienced the power to influence the parents with the advice they gave, while the parents' previous experience and knowledge impacted on how the advice came into practice.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine health professionalsŽ experiences of giving advice regarding sleep to parents of infants and to perform and evaluate an intervention in the form of introducing information about the sleep of infants.Method: The study was designed as an intervention study with a qualitative approach where data was collected from two focus groups in the form of interviews. The intervention consisted of the information material Sugen pÄ sömn. There were five participants whom three of them participated in the second interview. The interviews were processed by content analysis.Results: Health professionalsŽ experience of giving advice on sleep was summarized in three themes. The experiences of giving advice in interaction with parents, health professional themselves experienced the power to influence the parents with the advice they gave, while the parents' previous experience and knowledge impacted on how the advice came into practice.

Koronarangiografi anvÀnds för att visualisera hjÀrtats kranskÀrl och diagnostisera eventuella kranskÀrlsjukdomar. I samband med undersökningen kan en perkutan koronar intervention (PCI) utföras som behandling. Denna undersökning kan orsaka Ängest och rÀdsla hos patienterna, vilket kan ge fysiska symtom sÄsom ökad hjÀrtrytm och blodtryck som kan pÄverka undersökningen och en eventuell intervention negativt. Vid undersökningen har röntgensjuksköterskan frÀmsta ansvaret för omvÄrdnaden. För att kunna ge mest optimal omvÄrdnad till patienterna ska röntgensjuksköterskan ha kunskap om bakomliggande orsaker till Ängest och rÀdsla relaterade till koronarangiografi.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine health professionalsŽ experiences of giving advice regarding sleep to parents of infants and to perform and evaluate an intervention in the form of introducing information about the sleep of infants.Method: The study was designed as an intervention study with a qualitative approach where data was collected from two focus groups in the form of interviews. The intervention consisted of the information material Sugen pÄ sömn. There were five participants whom three of them participated in the second interview. The interviews were processed by content analysis.Results: Health professionalsŽ experience of giving advice on sleep was summarized in three themes. The experiences of giving advice in interaction with parents, health professional themselves experienced the power to influence the parents with the advice they gave, while the parents' previous experience and knowledge impacted on how the advice came into practice.

No-fly Zones have been used in three recent conflicts. For every intervention the time taken to achieve the end-state has decreased. It took twelve years in Iraq, three years in Bosnia and only nine months in Libya. NATO was part of the intervention in both Bosnia and Libya, facing almost the same size of opponent, but it took them four times longer to achieve the end-state in Bosnia compared to Libya. The purpose of this essay is to analyze this difference in the time taken to achieve the end-state with a structured focused comparison of Bosnia and Libya based on Robert PapeŽs theory of coercion with a focus on No-fly Zones. The results show that the mandate can explain the difference. In Libya NATO had the opportunity, due to the mandate, to use pre-emptive strikes, which they did not have in Bosnia.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine health professionalsŽ experiences of giving advice regarding sleep to parents of infants and to perform and evaluate an intervention in the form of introducing information about the sleep of infants.Method: The study was designed as an intervention study with a qualitative approach where data was collected from two focus groups in the form of interviews. The intervention consisted of the information material Sugen pÄ sömn. There were five participants whom three of them participated in the second interview. The interviews were processed by content analysis.Results: Health professionalsŽ experience of giving advice on sleep was summarized in three themes. The experiences of giving advice in interaction with parents, health professional themselves experienced the power to influence the parents with the advice they gave, while the parents' previous experience and knowledge impacted on how the advice came into practice.

The aim: was to describe and compare a group of experts and critical care nurses' agreement in detecting delirium in intubated, ventilator treated patients with sedation / analgesia, before and after an in house training intervention with the instrument Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU).Method: A quasi-experimental study, one group pretest - posttest design. A convenience sample of 17 critical care nurses in a general intensive care unit included. To detect delirium the instrument CAM-ICU was used, 21 paired tests before and 22 after an educational intervention.Main Results: The results showed that after an in house training intervention sensitivity and kappa coefficient improved of the characteristic 1 "acute onset and fluctuating course," an improvement that was significant. In other features, and overall values were signs of numerical improvement and deterioration in sensitivity, specificity and kappa coefficient but no significant change.Conclusion: Implementing a new instrument for detecting delirium in clinical practice requires education and follow-up. A small sample of critical care nurses with varying ability to use the new instrument and the fact that patients' status may change rapidly making it difficult to draw any conclusions from this study.

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse the possible motives behind the actions of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council in relation to the conflict in Syria. The background of this aim is the Arab Spring and the protests and violence that have followed the uprising. While, in Libya, the UN Security Council adopted resolutions that allowed sanctions against the Libyan government, no such resolutions have been adopted yet in Syria.Theory: The principal theory of the analysis is Stephen D. Krasner®s theory on sovereignty.Method: I have researched various resolutions and statements done in the Security Council, together with official statements from the actors, through Hadenius® motive analysis methodology and Gilje & Grimen and Ödmans theories on hermeneutics.Conclusion: The conclusion of the analysis is that there, in the case of Syria and Libya, are two different parties in the Security Council. One that stands for sovereignty and one that stands for intervention.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine health professionalsŽ experiences of giving advice regarding sleep to parents of infants and to perform and evaluate an intervention in the form of introducing information about the sleep of infants.Method: The study was designed as an intervention study with a qualitative approach where data was collected from two focus groups in the form of interviews. The intervention consisted of the information material Sugen pÄ sömn. There were five participants whom three of them participated in the second interview. The interviews were processed by content analysis.Results: Health professionalsŽ experience of giving advice on sleep was summarized in three themes. The experiences of giving advice in interaction with parents, health professional themselves experienced the power to influence the parents with the advice they gave, while the parents' previous experience and knowledge impacted on how the advice came into practice.

AbstractAim: The aim of this study was to investigate if treatment with ?dry needling? in myofascial triggerpoints (MTrPs) in the rotatorcuff muscles may affect impingement symptoms such as pain during provocative tests, shoulder mobility, and function. The research questions were: Does the value of pain change on the Visual Analog Pain Scale (VAS) between before and after treatment? Do the positive provocative tests for impingement change between before and after treatment? Does the active shoulder mobility change between before and after treatment? Does the self-rated function change between before and after treatment?Method: The study was a prospective randomized intervention study and 19 persons with impingement symptoms (mean ± standard deviation; 58 ± 18 years, and shoulder pain duration 3.9 ± 1.6 months) were randomized into two groups. The groups were tested before, directly after and 3 weeks after treatment.

HumanitÀr intervention Àr ett begrepp inom internationella relationer som vÀcker mÄnga kÀnslor och frÄgor. Trots att idén om att anvÀnda vÄld för att stoppa brott mot de mÀnskli-ga rÀttigheter kan verka attraktivt frÄn ett moraliskt perspektiv, vilket man i Ärhundraden har gjort, har denna praktik varit synnerligen oregelbunden. Detta i hög grad beroende pÄ den ambivalens som finns inför de internationella normer som skall reglera staters anvÀn-dande av militÀrt vÄld.Synen pÄ humanitÀra interventioner har Àndrats i överensstÀmmelse med de förÀndringar som skett inom det internationella systemet. Dessa Àndringar har, till viss del, medfört en förÀndrad syn pÄ de normer som legitimerar anvÀndandet av vÄld inom det internationella samfundet.HumanitÀra interventioner som begrepp och praktik innehÄller mÄnga dilemman i vÄr tid. Detta eftersom det berör traditionella normer av suverÀnitet och ickeintervention, som Àr de frÀmsta byggstenarna för det moderna internationella systemet, tillika del av Förenta Na-tionernas (FN) stadgar.

Social insatsgrupp Àr en strukturerad samverkan mellan i första hand polis, socialtjÀnst och skola med mÄlen att förhindra nyrekrytering av ungdomar till kriminella grupperingar samt att underlÀtta avhopp frÄn kriminella grupperingar. I examensarbetet har jag undersökt vad begreppetunga i riskzonen innebÀr för professionella frÄn polis och socialtjÀnst i social insatsgrupp i SödertÀlje kommun. SödertÀlje kommun Àr en av de tolv kommuner dÀr Rikspolisstyrelsen inrÀttat pilotverksamheten social insatsgrupp pÄ uppdrag av regeringen. Syftet med studien Àr att undersöka hur representanter frÄn myndigheterna polisen och socialtjÀnsten i samverkansprojektet social insatsgrupp i SödertÀlje kommun definierar unga i riskzonen. Detta med mÄlet att försöka förstÄ vilka ungdomar som blir selekterade att ingÄ i projektet..

Studien avser att studera effekterna av arbetsplatsförlagd fysisk trÀning 2 x 60 minuter/vecka i 7 veckor hos personer med stillasittande arbete pÄVO2max, rörlighet, uthÄllighetsstyrka och kroppssammansÀttning. Vi anvÀnder oss av en kvantitativ metod som bestÄr av datainsamling genom tester före och efter trÀningsperioden för bÄde interventionsgruppen (n=25) och kontrollgruppen (n=11). Resultaten visar pÄ signifikanta skillnader hos interventionsgruppen pÄ variablerna VO2max (p=0), visceralt fett (p=0,001), fettmassa (p=0,001), vikt (p=0.006), Body Mass Index, BMI (p=0,005), uthÄllighetsstyrka enligt Sörensens isometriska uthÄllighetstest (SIU) (p=0) och Trunk Curl Static Endurance test (TCST) (p=0,045), rörlighet i halsrygg (p=0,010) och rörlighet i hamstringsmuskulatur via Sit and reach test (p=0).  Inga skillnader ses i blodtryck och, skelettmuskelmassa i armar, bÄl och ben. Inga signifikanta skillnader ses hos kontrollgruppen oavsett variabel. Slutsatser av studien Àr att man kan se effekter genom denna typ av intervention pÄ flera olika variabler och förslag till framtida forskning Àr att försöka utesluta samverkan av andra faktorer för att ge en mer exakt bild av den fysiska trÀningens effekter pÄ arbetsplatsförlagd trÀning..

I denna rapport presenteras ett tillvÀgagÄngssÀtt för att hitta och datera brytpunkter i tidsserier. En brytpunkt definieras av det datum dÄ det skett en stor nivÄförÀndring i tidsserien. Det presenteras Àven en strategi för att skatta effekten av daterade brytpunkter. Genom att analysera tidsserier över AFA FörsÀkrings Àrendeinflöde visar det sig att brytpunkter i tidsserien sammanfaller med exogena hÀndelser som kan ha orsakat dessa brytpunkter, till exempel villkors- eller lagförÀndringar inom försÀkringsbranschen. Rapporten visar att det genom ett metodiskt angreppssÀtt gÄr att skatta effekten av en exogen hÀndelse.

Denna studie Àmnar ta reda pÄ om den humanitÀra interventionen i Somalia, mellan Ären 1993-1995 kan anses vara humanitÀr eller inte, enligt Nicholas J Wheelers solidaritetsteori. Först undersöks om UNSOM II passar in i solidaritetsteorin kriterier och dÀrefter förklaras varför. Resultat frÄn ovanstÄende undersökning kommer att ge en bÀttre bild av UNSOM II och hjÀlpa till med att förklara faktorer som kan spela roll om en humanitÀr intervention benÀmns humanitÀr. Materialet som anvÀnds i denna uppsats Àr utvÀrderingar och rapporter frÄn Ären, publicerade av Förenta Nationerna, Amnesty International och Human Rights Watch. Denna studie fann att UNSOM II inte var humanitÀr i relation till solidaritetsteorin, med hÀnsyn till bristen av proportionerlig anvÀndning av vÄld under jakten pÄ Aydid.