BackgroundType 1 diabetes is a chronically disease that often occurs in early life. In every year around 77.000 children in the world is estimated with type 1 diabetes. When a child gets a chronically disease it affects the whole family, specially the parents who will be the child's caregiver.AimThe aim of this study was to describe parents experiences of living with a child with type 1 diabetes.MethodA literature review was carried trough based on 10 qualitative scientific articles. The articles were analyzed and two main themes and seven subthemes emerged.ResultsAll parents experienced that they needed some kind of support particularly early in their illness. They felt it was a big responsibility to take care of their child with diabetes and parents often felt anxiety and fear associated with the disease.

Self- determination and autonomy of elderly people living in long- stay care homes is the forefront of discussion in the media and in society today. It examines the extent to which elderly people actually have the opportunity for self- determination and to what extent they have an impact and influence in their daily lives. A suitable way to look at how the quality of long ?stay care looks like is too look at the extent to which the user has self- determination. The aim of our study was to examine how self-determination appears in long- stay care homes. We also talk about in what way the officials perceive self- determination and how elderly identify and perceive their right to self- determination and the importance it has for the individual. The essay has been made with the help of interviews and surveys on a number of long-stay care homes in Skåne.

Trade is important for every country in the world. Commodities are transported between rich and poor countries everyday. Some of the trading partners are EU and Ethiopia, this because of less expensive commodities from EU than they are in Ethiopia. The most important agricultural commodity is wheat. Ethiopia is a poor country, whose inhabitants mostly are living on agriculture.

Cancer är en stor folksjukdom och det är därför av yttersta vikt att veta hur en god omvårdnad ska tillämpas och hur patienterna ska kunna bemötas under den tid de genomgår behandling med cytostatika. Många patienter som lider av cancer behandlas med cytostatika. Cytostatikabehandling ger olika biverkningar som bland annat kan försämra patientens livskvalitet, såväl fysiskt som psykiskt. Studiens syfte var att belysa patienters upplevelser under den tid de genomgår cytostatikabehandling. Metoden är en kvalitativ litteraturstudie baserad på två självbiografiska böcker.

Background: There are many people waiting for a kidney transplant. To get a kidney from a living donor has many advantages. The gift is about giving and receiving. The decision is characterized by life-philosophy of the donor.Aim: To highlight the experiences of the kidney donation process.Methods: A systematic literature review in which 11 articles were included, seven qualitative and four quantitative. The articles are quality and ethically reviewed, the results are analyzed according Granskär & Höglund and Polit & Beck.Results: The results were gathered under two themes: the decision-process shows the path from idea to decision and implementation-process treats the donation and confirmation of the gift.

Cancer är en sjukdom som på många sätt påverkar människors dagliga liv. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva människors upplevelse av att leva med smärta vid cancersjukdom. 15 vetenskapliga artiklar som motsvarade syftet har studerats och analyserats med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Analysen resulterade i sju kategorier som ger en beskrivning av människors upplevelser av att leva med cancersmärta. Resultatet visar att dessa människor upplevde känslor av sorg.

Långvarig smärta är vanlig hos befolkningen och upp till 30-50 % har smärta av någon form. Av dessa är 10% direkt relaterade till cancer. Trots god att medicinsk vård finns tillgänglig kan brister i bemötandet från vårdpersonalen resultera i att patienter känner sig otillfredsställda. Syftet med den här studien var att belysa vilka faktorer patienten uppfattade som viktiga vid vårdpersonalens bemötande i samband med cancerrelaterad smärta. Studien utfördes som en litteraturstudie och Travelbees vårdteori låg som värdegrund.

Individuals of today are living in a community that encourages an inactive life. For many individuals exercise is an important part in their life and can be a health factor and contribute to the joy of living. Some environments in the individuals? everyday life are of supportive character. These supportive environments can make it easier for the individual to make healthier choices.

BakgrundDiabetes typ 2 är en av de snabbast växande sjukdomarna i både Sverige och resten av världen. Vid diabetes typ 2 utgör egenvård en betydande del av behandlingen och för att klara detta behövs kunskap om sjukdomen. I sjuksköterskeyrket ingår att förse patienter med information och kunskap, bland annat genom patientundervisning. Ett flertal studier beskriver hur information och kunskap uppfattas av patienter och hur det på bästa sätt förmedlas till dem. Däremot saknas ett instrument som mäter patienternas befintliga kunskap om sjukdomen och hur de värderar information.SyfteSyftet med arbetet är att undersöka hur informations- och kunskapsbehovet vid diabetes typ 2 varierar utifrån kön, HbA1c, ålder, utbildning och duration samt identifiera de frågor där informations- och kunskapsbehovet är störst respektive lägst.MetodArbetet grundas på en kvantitativ enkät utformad efter The Toronto Informational Needs Questionnaire-Breast Cancer och är analyserat utifrån data från 86 patienter.  Frågor ur denna enkät har behandlats i dataprogrammet Statistical Package for the Social Sciences och presenteras som deskriptiv statistik.

Today, equine breeding is based on performance and conformation, resulting in a vast variation in fertility among different horses, with noticeable economic losses as a consequence. The horse breeding industry is therefore in need of methods that diagnose the spermatozoa concerning their quality and provide the best sperm for AI. The commonly used selection methods for sperm today are: centrifugation, where extender is added, the sample is centrifuged and then resuspended; swim-up self-migration; adherence separation; and density gradient centrifugation. However, none of these methods are in used routinely in practice before inseminating mares with fresh or cooled semen. The aim of this study was to evaluate a new selection method, Single Layer Centrifugation (SLC), and its effect on sperm viability. The viability was analyzed with regard to membrane integrity and membrane stability of ejaculated spermatozoa.

Background:The concept of transition means a change in a person's life where he or she is forced to adapt. There are different phases in life that results in different adaptations. In this essay, transition is described as the physical and mental journey between the home and an elder care facility. The Aim was to describe elderly people's experiences of transition when moving from their previous home into an elder care facility. The Method used was a literature review.

Immigrants and children of immigrants are statistically lumped together into a category of "person with foreign background". Blatte is a degrading and violating word when directed at immigrants by Swedes. The aim of my essay was to test to what extent the Swedish term "blatte" could be qualified as an ethnicity in the sense that young people with foreign background born between 1981 and 1984 living in a neighborhood with a high population of people with foreign backgrounds have another ethnicity, besides the Swedish and the "home country ethnicity" to find themselves and their identity in.My method consisted of interviewing six people between the ages of 21 and 24 with different ethnic backgrounds living in a limited area of Malmö, Sweden´s third biggest city. I tested my hypothesis of these people having a third ethnicity to relate to against three schools and from two out of three schools defending my hypothesis, my result is that blatte can not fully be seen as an ethnicity but definitely shows tendencies of becoming one in the future..

Light has always fascinated humans but ever since the invention of the first light bulb, the use of artificial lighting has accelerated dramatically. Darkness has never been as rare as today and the overuse of lighting has created a new phenomenon called light pollution. Most living beings are biologically dependent on the recurrent twenty-four-hour rhythm of light and darkness, called the circadian cycle. Human beings are evolutionary developed after this circadian rhythm and the effects of constant artificial light is yet unknown. Scientists fear the consequences of constant lighting and what it means physically, mentally and philosophically for the human species.

Bakgrund: Det psykosociala stödet har stor betydelse för hur patienter med cancer klarar av sin sjukdom. Även om många botas från sin cancer bär de med sig erfarenheterna från sin sjukdomstid under resten av sitt liv. Det övergripande målet med psykosocial omvårdnad är att uppnå en högre livskvalitet för patienten. Författarna anknyter föreliggande studie till Cullberg kristeori. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att studera den psykosociala omvårdnadens betydelse for cancerpatientens livskvalitet.

This study examines the connection between social capital and urban and rural areas. The study divides the environments into two categories; metropolises and rural areas. Metropolises are defined as any of Swedens largest cities Stockholm, Gothenburg or Malmö. The study also examines if there is a difference between these groups in how high social trust they have to people living in the same areas as themselves versus people who live in other areas. The studie also focuses on the urbanization that the world is going through, where people move from rural areas into the cities for work and education.