The aim of this study was to measure the castration coverage and the attitudes among people towards castration in an area in Lilongwe, the capital of Malawi, where a castration program has been running for a few years. Another aim was to review the literature to examine the link between castration coverage and rabies prevalence. Two areas (Area 25 and Area 23) in Lilongwe were studied through standardized household interviews. In Area 25, a non-governmental organization had been castrating dogs weekly to twice weekly for free for 3 years. In Area 23, no official organization had done castrations, and this area therefore acted as a control in the study.

To turn the dairy heifers out on pasture is the most natural way for the cattle to get feed. At the same time it is cheap and if it is right treated a feed of high nutritive value. The problem today is to get dairy heifers to grow enough when they are grazing at natural pasture for the entire summer. Therefore, the opinions differ whether pasture is a resource or a problem. The increasing interest of pasture production is due to the fact that you can receive grants for preserving valuable natural assets and cultural landscape elements in the pasture land. A high grazing pressure is necessary to preserve an open landscape and a great variety of species. In the same time the heifers have to supply their nutritive needs in order to grow and be large enough to show heat and be pregnant in right time to calve with a sufficient body size and at an economically right age. This paper includes a Literature review on natural pasture, pasture production, and growth of dairy heifers together with own interviews with dairy farmers about their point of view to the pasture husbandry on the farms, how they plan for pasture, look after natural pasture, treatment areas and take care of the calves and heifers. The results indicate that the time it takes and the demanded work are the biggest factors to how and why the farmers do as they do..

The aim of this essay is to see how various texts, both Swedish and foreign, have described the former Swedish colony of St. Bartholomew. The focus has been on the slaves on the colony, and here how they were treated and how the analyzed authors portray the slaves lives.The literature has been divided up into two different categories, based on when they were published. The distinction has been made by dividing them up into a contemporary cluster, that were published before the 1900?s, as opposed to the more recent literature, from after the 1900?s.

During the 21st century, Society has again begun to focus its attention on working class literature and on issues related to social class. In the media contemporary working class literature is often mentioned as a distinct phenomenon. I my view, the meaning of this phenomenon have not been adequately formulated. The aim of this Master?s Thesis is to reconstruct, using a discourse oriented text analysis, a picture of how the contemporary working class literature is described in today?s society.

AbstractAim: The aim of this study was to describe which coping strategies women use when they have been diagnosed with breast cancer. In addition, the purpose was to describe how woman?s self-image changes after a mastectomy. Method: A Literature review study has been carried out with a descriptive design. The result of the study included 16 articles which were found in the databases: Cinahl, PubMed, PsycInfo and through manual search.

Barns postoperativa smärta är ofta underbehandlad, vilket kan försämra upplevelsen av sjukhusvistelsen. Med ökad förståelse och kunskap hos sjukhuspersonal och föräldrar kan bättre hjälp ges. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa postoperativ smärta hos barn. Nio artiklar, funna i databaser, granskades enligt kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Analysen gav underkategorier som visade hur barnen hanterade, upplevde och påverkades av sin smärta.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka patienters upplevelser av att leva med KOL samt identifiera eventuella faktorer som underlättar det dagliga livet. För att göra detta genomfördes en litteraturstudie där artiklar analyserades efter Carnevalis (1999) Dagligt Liv ? Funktionellt Hälsotillstånd-modell. Patienter upplever svårigheter, krav, i det dagliga livet relaterat till hygien, måltids-situationer och sociala situationer. Patienterna får anpassa sin aktivitetsnivå till sitt aktuella hälsotillstånd.

In today's society it is becoming more and more important with direct marketing. Some of the direct marketing is done through e-mail, in which companies see an easy way to advertise himself. I did this thesis work at WebDoc Systems. They have a product that creates web documents directly in your browser, also called CMS. The CMS has a module for sending mass e-mail, but this module does not function properly and WebDoc Systems customers are dissatisfied with that part of the product.

Bakgrund : Idag uppskattas var tredje person få en cancerdiagnos under sin livstid. Cancer drabbar inte enbart den enskilda individen utan även de närstående. De närstående anses vara patienternas viktigaste stöd under sjukdomsprocessen och de har ett behov av att vara delaktiga i vården. Syfte : Att belysa forskning om upplevelsen av att vara närstående till en person med diagnosen cancer. Metod : En litteraturstudie baserad på tio kvalitativa studier. Resultat : Tre teman framkom vid dataanalysen. De närstående upplevde en förändrad vardag med nya roller och prioriteringar.

ABSTRACT The persons whom the authorized nurse encounters in hospital wards and nursing homes are in great extent elderly persons. According to Wasserman (2000), about 30 to 40 percent among these, show signs of depression. To be aware of the signs of depression, and how an authorized nurse can support the patient is therefore of great value. The introduction to this study describes the symptoms of depression and how depression in elders is expressed. It also describes treatment possibilities and nursing aspects of concern.

ABSTRACT The persons whom the authorized nurse encounters in hospital wards and nursing homes are in great extent elderly persons. According to Wasserman (2000), about 30 to 40 percent among these, show signs of depression. To be aware of the signs of depression, and how an authorized nurse can support the patient is therefore of great value. The introduction to this study describes the symptoms of depression and how depression in elders is expressed. It also describes treatment possibilities and nursing aspects of concern.

ABSTRACT The persons whom the authorized nurse encounters in hospital wards and nursing homes are in great extent elderly persons. According to Wasserman (2000), about 30 to 40 percent among these, show signs of depression. To be aware of the signs of depression, and how an authorized nurse can support the patient is therefore of great value. The introduction to this study describes the symptoms of depression and how depression in elders is expressed. It also describes treatment possibilities and nursing aspects of concern.

Bakgrund: Känslor av maktlöshet kan påverka sjuksköterskors engagemang och ansvar för patienter. Sjuksköterskor har i sin profession ansvar för patienters omvårdnad och vill hjälpa patienter att bli friska. När sjuksköterskor inser att målet inte kan fullföljas kan känslor av maktlöshet uppstå. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors upplevelser och erfarenheter av maktlöshet vid vård av patienter. Metod: Litteraturstudie med kvalitativ ansats.

Background: Communication allows people to gain understanding of themselves and their surroundings, which is a prerequisite for good health. The nurse may in her communication help patients develop a feeling that they are not alone in their situation. If the patients cannot express themselves and make themselves understood, it can lead the patients to feel left out which emphasizes the suffering at having aphasia. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the components which affect nurse?s communication with patients with aphasia.

ABSTRACT The persons whom the authorized nurse encounters in hospital wards and nursing homes are in great extent elderly persons. According to Wasserman (2000), about 30 to 40 percent among these, show signs of depression. To be aware of the signs of depression, and how an authorized nurse can support the patient is therefore of great value. The introduction to this study describes the symptoms of depression and how depression in elders is expressed. It also describes treatment possibilities and nursing aspects of concern.