This essay shows how administrators in two different organizations are experiencing freedom of action in their work situation. The essay is made based on a qualitative method and interviews were used to implement the study. People chosen for this study are four administrators at a governmentagency - the Social Insurance agency, and four municipal officers from different Social service offices in southern Sweden. The theoretical framework consists of Weber's theory of bureaucracy, and his discussion of the legal authority. The analysis is designed as adiscussion of the parts that were especially prominent during the interviews.

Through the rulings RÅ 2010 ref. 11, HFD 2011 ref. 75 and HFD 2011 not 88 the Swedish Supreme Administrative Court have extended the concept of same or similar activities which can be found in section 57, clause 4 of the Swedish Income Tax Act. Through the ruling the Court has partly clarified the application area of the regulation but question marks still remains.In the statutory text there is no definition of what shall be regarded as same or similar activity and the preparatory work does not give any further direction on how the concept should be interpreted. Ever since the amendment in 1995 the general view has been that activities can be transferred between different companies without affecting the waiting period in the company of origin.

In this thesis I have discussed about conflict management in school, from a teacher´s perspective. Focus has been on Swedish schools, especially on the teachers who are active in primary school. Several perspectives have been given, including an intercultural approach which has been the most recurrent. The importance of teachers? emotional maturity, knowledge about democracy and values, as well as teacher?s impact by being a sharp leader in different ways are other subjects the essay has touched.

This master thesis has three purposes. The first purpose is to give a theoretical background of how to divide up forest estates and to study how the legal system for these matters works. A literature study has been carried out to give the background and a theoretical model has been made for analysing the law cases. The first purpose also partly touched the decision process in dividing up forest estates from point of view of the law of land parcelling (FBL), point of view. The second purpose is to examine effects of a change of production requirements in 3 cap.7 § FBL as regards dividing up forest estates of private forest owners.

The purpose of the essay has been to clarify why and how small companies, whose major resource is knowledge, establish strategic alliances and which opportunities it brings. We have increased our understanding for the concept of strategic alliances through empirical search and through well-known scientist work. The method, which has been used in the essay, is principally qualitative interviews and gathering secondary data from articles from well-known authors. Our study has given that we have found that entering strategic alliances can make growth and by that way create competitive advantages for the company in question. We also found that there are risks with strategic alliances and the company can protect themselves by legal actions.

Radon is a hazardous substance that cannot be perceived by our senses. It has long been known that exposure to high radon levels for a long period of time will ultimately cause lung cancer. The Swedish Radiation Safety Authority estimates that 500 people die annually due to this. Although most of them are smokers, even non-smokers suffer from lung cancer caused by radon. The statutory value for radon in homes today is 200 Bq/m³.

The aim of this study is to make a comparative study between the grievances during the Dacke Warand the German Peasant´s War. These two conflicts may have occurred separately, regarding bothgeographical and chronological distances but also share common issues for this comparative study.Less than two decades separates these two conflicts and they were all by their own serious insurrectionsduring their time. While the German Peasant´s War was the greatest uprising in Europe up tothe French Revolution, the Dacke War was the biggest Peasant Rebellion in Scandinavian history.While the German Peasant War has been studied and researched by historians for a relative longtime, the Dacke War has been neglected in research history. If it were not for the Swedish professorLars-Olof Larsson?s studies during foremost in the 1960s, the Dacke War would have been a historicallyuncharted territory of research indeed.

A decade ago the organic egg production in Sweden was nearly nonexistent (Föreningen för ekologisk fjäderfäproduktion, 2008). A rising demand for these products in the beginning of year 2000 made the organic egg production the most increasing production of all organic provisions. The Swedish consumers value provision production that have a reduced impact on the environment and further protects the wellness of animals and plants (Jordbruksverket, 2010). Today, the organic egg production composes roughly 6 % of the total egg production in Sweden. This indicates that the ambition of Jordbruksverket, which has an organic egg production goal of 10 % of the total production, is not yet achieved.The consumer demand on the market is the driving force for these new products, and the higher prices contribute to an essential portion of the additional costs of organic egg production (Jordbruksverket, 2004).

With the development of the Internet, illegal copying of electronic documents has become a growing problem. There is an increasing need of prevention in the field of pirate copying. One method is to mark the document by changing some of the words to synonyms. In this way it is possible to construct legal copies which do not differ in content but still are unique. Since the copies of the documents are unique, it is possible to trace the owner of a document and accordingly call him or her to account for pirate copying if several exactly similar copies are reaching the market.

SammanfattningSambolagstiftningen i Sverige har till syfte att skydda den svagare parten när samboförhållandet avslutas på grund av antingen separation eller att den ena sambon avlider. Det är en minimilagstiftning där lagstiftaren ansett det viktigt att sambolagen undviker att närma sig regleringen av äktenskap och på så vis bli en äktenskapsliknande samlevnadsform av lägre dignitet. För att reglera sitt förhållande på de punkter där lagstiftningen brister eller samborna önskar en annan utgång än vad sambolagen erbjuder är sambor hänvisade till att avtala.     Familjebildningen har sedan 60-talet genomgått en stor förändring där äktenskap fortfarande är den dominerande samlevnadsformen men är inte längre det enda och självklara valet. Antalet samboförhållanden ökar, samtidigt som en del av de bakomliggande tankarna kring regleringen i sambolagen kan anses föråldrade.     Till följd av att samboförhållanden blir vanligare kommer det här arbetet att behandla sambolagstiftningens förhållande till arvs- och testamentsrätt som är en av de punkter där sambolagstiftningen skiljer sig avsevärt från regleringen av äktenskap. Vid den ena sambons bortgång har efterlevande sambo ingen legal arvsrätt.

This report is about Swedish statistics on work related accidents and work related diseases onboard Swedish ships. The authors analyzed collected statistics from two authorities and an insurance organization in an attempt to compare the data. In order to understand the need for statistics and why the authority publishes them; minor literature study was conducted. The results of the literature study are in the background chapter. The requirements for the different cases to be registered in the statistics have been investigated, in unity with the issue in question.

Problematiken för vår studie grundar sig i den nya revisionslagen som trädde ikraft 1 november 2010, nämligen avskaffandet av revisionsplikten. Lagen innebär att alla aktiebolag som understiger två av tre följande gränsvärden: att ha i genomsnitt 3 anställda, omsättningen understiger 3 miljoner svenska kronor och att balansomslutningen understiger 1,5 miljoner svenska kronor, behöver inte anlita en revisor.I samband med att revisionsplikten avskaffades, diskuteras det mycket vilken betydelse revisionen hade för olika intressenter. Revisionen infördes framförallt för att ge bättre kontrollmöjligheter för externa intressenter. Trots lagändringen, är det idag flertal småföretag som fortsätter att behålla revisorn i företaget och det beror främst på grund av externa intressenternas påverkan.Vårt syfte med studien är att skapa förståelse varför småföretag behåller revisorn i företaget i förhållande till externa intressenter och hur externa intressenter påverkar det, ur småföretagens perspektiv. Undersökningen grundar sig på en kvalitativ studie i form av intervjuer.

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the democratization process in Kurdistan on the basis of consolidation democracy with focus on arenas defined by Linz and Stepan (1997), namely economic, political, legal, civil society and arenas of state bureaucracy. Furthermore, I intend to explain Kurdistan?s road toward democratization in Kurdistan from 1991 until today, with a focus on the years 2003-2012. The main results are that Kurdistan has developed conditions that support a future consolidation of democracy. However, there are weaknesses in the economic situation, rule of law and the arena of bureaucracy.

To self-archive is to make research publications freely accessible by depositing them in an open digital archive or on a public website. The aim of this thesis is to explore what Swedish scientists think of self-archiving, what they know about it and how they make use of it, in order to understand why they do not self-archive more actively.A web survey was conducted which was answered by 296 scientists at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU). Results show that only 24 % have previous experience of self-archiving, but that a majority is willing to self-archive if there are no legal objections or if it is demanded by the research funder. The most important reasons why many scientists do not self-archive are that they feel uncertain about copyright issues and/or lack knowledge about self-archiving..

SammanfattningSambolagstiftningen i Sverige har till syfte att skydda den svagare parten när samboförhållandet avslutas på grund av antingen separation eller att den ena sambon avlider. Det är en minimilagstiftning där lagstiftaren ansett det viktigt att sambolagen undviker att närma sig regleringen av äktenskap och på så vis bli en äktenskapsliknande samlevnadsform av lägre dignitet. För att reglera sitt förhållande på de punkter där lagstiftningen brister eller samborna önskar en annan utgång än vad sambolagen erbjuder är sambor hänvisade till att avtala.     Familjebildningen har sedan 60-talet genomgått en stor förändring där äktenskap fortfarande är den dominerande samlevnadsformen men är inte längre det enda och självklara valet. Antalet samboförhållanden ökar, samtidigt som en del av de bakomliggande tankarna kring regleringen i sambolagen kan anses föråldrade.     Till följd av att samboförhållanden blir vanligare kommer det här arbetet att behandla sambolagstiftningens förhållande till arvs- och testamentsrätt som är en av de punkter där sambolagstiftningen skiljer sig avsevärt från regleringen av äktenskap. Vid den ena sambons bortgång har efterlevande sambo ingen legal arvsrätt.