Vi har genomfört en praxisnära forskning där syftet var att kartlägga vilka aspekter som är kritiska för att kunna positionera sig med hjälp av en karta. Syftet var också att identifiera vilka olika kunskapsnivåer som finns i en klass i årskurs 7. Studiens metod utgår ifrån delar av learning study som har variationsteorin som grund kombinerat med delar av fenomenografin som forskningsansats. Studien genomfördes på en grundskola i Skåne i en klass i årskurs 7 med 26 elever. För att undersöka vilka kritiska aspekter som finns i klassen har vi genomfört fokusgruppintervjuer, test i form av linjeorientering, skriftliga reflektioner av linjeorienteringen samt observationer.

The transformational leadership and the Swedish Armed Forces? basic outlook on pedagogy are two factors that affect a Swedish military officer. The author has identified a need of understanding the process of personal development. An understanding that couldn?t be supplied by the transformational leadership but that was found in the Swedish Armed Forces? basic outlook on pedagogy.

It becomes more important to consider different behaviour traits in the selection for dairy cows to be suitable in the production systems of today. The purpose of this investigation was to study the genetic background to behavioural traits and the heritabilities for temperament, rank order, aggressiveness, feeding behaviour and for learning behaviour. Moreover, the genetic correlations to other traits were studied. To be included in a breeding programme a trait needs to have enough genetic variation, a moderate to high heritability or to be correlated to another measurable trait. Behaviour is a quantitative trait affected by many genes and the environment.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur några elever i årskurs 1 skapar förståelse för vad en teknisk artefakt är och vidare hur eleverna ges möjlighet till detta genom att läraren använder variationsmönster under ett lektionstillfälle. Materialet har samlats in genom en learning study vilket innebär att vi har genomfört en praxisnära undersökning. Vi har i studien agerat både forskare och lärare; observerat, planerat och bedrivit undervisning samt analyserat empirin. Vi har studerat tre lektionstillfällen i tre olika grupper med fokus på att tillsammans med eleverna skapa en definition av vad en teknisk artefakt är. Med hjälp av för- och eftertester har vi även undersökt elevernas uppfattningar om tekniska artefakter före och efter lektionstillfället.

The theme in this report has been how to benefit experience from accident investigations. The demand on the municipality to perform accidet investigations is relatively new, and maybe they aren?t clear what the demands means. This causes that there might be a problem to benefit experience from accident investigations, for improving the overall safety in the municipality. The main purpose of this report has been to clarify how experience from accident investigations, can be of benefit to society on a local level.

With the curriculum Lpfö98, and its revised version 2010, the demands for evaluation of the quality of the preschool have been emphasized. Accordingly, the activities need to be systematically documented, followed up and assessed, to be improved. Most importantly, this includes continuous follow up, documentation and analysis of the development and learning of the children. This is usually carried out by means of pedagogical documentation, but how this working tool should be used in practice is not totally clear for all pedagogues. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate how pedagogical documentation is performed, assessed and made accessible for the children, parents and staff-members, in practical preschool work.In the study, four pedagogues (two preschool teachers and two pedagogical mentors), working in two different preschools where the Reggio Emilia concept is practiced for pedagogical documentation, were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire.The informants described pedagogical documentation as a complex and time-consuming working tool, albeit necessary and helpful to fulfill the requirements of the curriculum.

The need for second language learning is increasing in today?s multicultural and globalized society, and adult studies are becoming more common. Teachers must encourage all students, and all schools need to promote equality. Motivation is one of the most important factors for positive learning and progress, and it can be helpful for second language teachers to know more about this subject. The aim of this study was to examine which motivational factors that influence adult immigrants to learn Swedish through SFI education in Sweden.

The aim with this study is to explore if and how linguistic learning takes places when four pairs ofstudents in grade one writes on the computer. Observations of eight students took place duringtwelve lessons to investigate what happened during their writing processes. This study isimportant because students? computer writing is a relatively new phenomenon in the Swedishprimary school.It is clear that the peer collaboration creates a complex interaction that becomes the platform, andalso the prerequisite, for successful language training. The method can clearly give students profitsin their linguistic development.

SammanfattningDetta arbete behandlar olika undervisningsmodeller inom samhällsorienterande ämnen. Syftet med en sådan undersökning har varit att se vad som skiljer olika undervisningspraktiker från varandra och vad elever lär i respektive praktik. Undervisningen benämns som antingen fri eller traditionell. Studien tillämpas utifrån ett fenomenografiskt perspektiv och sker i form av observationer och intervjuer av lärare och elever. I och med att undersökningen fokuserar på olika sätt att undervisa, har undersökningen även inspirerats av metoden learning study.

Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka undervisning och lärande under en matematiklektion som präglas av traditionell skolmatematik. Metoden för undersökningen var en deltagande observation av en matematiklektion i åk 3 på gymnasiet. Med hjälp av begreppen matematikens lärandeobjekt, matematiska resurser, eleven som lärande aktör och sociomatematiska normer har jag tolkat de resultat som genererats från observationen. Två slutsatser som kan dras av undersökningen är att eleverna stimuleras till att bli oberoende lärande aktörer i undervisningen av traditionell skolmatematik samt att det i första hand är läraren som synliggör potentiella matematiska resurser för eleverna. Medvetenheten om elevernas användande av matematiska resurser skulle kunna påverka elevernas lärande genom att läraren synliggör matematiska resurser på ett mer medvetet sätt..

In society and school today there is a major focus on assessment, and this can for example be seen in an increased research on assessment over the last ten years. But one research topic still quite unexplored is how students perceive assessment. The main purpose with this study is to explore students? experiences of assessment, how assessment interferes with their volition and if the extent of the impact on the motivation varies depending on how the assessment is performed. In order to answer these questions a quantitative investigation was performed at first. 83 students answered a questionnaire about what kind of assessment they experience in school, if they receive feedback, what is important for being successful in school, if they know on what grounds they are assessed, what impact failure and/or success has on their motivation, if they are stressed by school etc.

The aim was to evaluate and suggest improvements for the prototype TIVOLI (sign-learning via computer-based playful interaction). The game purposed to give children who need signing as augmentative and alternative communication enhanced signing skills. Three children in need of signs played TIVOLI at home during 4-5 weeks. Data contained parental interviews, Talking Mats interviews, assessment of signing competence before and after the evaluation period and game protocols. One game interaction per child was filmed.

Being able to study at the Municipal Adult Education, Komvux, is a privilege available to adults in Sweden of age 20 and above. Although almost 200 000 people attended Komvux 2011 in Sweden, a fifth of the participants discontinued their studies before completing their course(s). This becomes costly for the society, but it is also diminishes the future chances of a career and college studies. In our thesis we have done a quantitative investigation trying to determine what the reasons for dropping out could be. A request to participate in our survey were sent out to all 64 people who dropped out one or more courses during the fall semester 2012 at a Municipal Adult Education in southern Norrland.

This study describes and analyzes how one teacher perceives her monitoring of the students´individual plans of development as expressed in the Education Act chapter 10, 13§. Today there are nonational guidelines published in the monitoring area for these plans of development, although this is anobligation for all teachers in Sweden. Also, it presents some students´ opinion on this and how themonitoring affects their learning.The progressive perspective on learning with the content spirit of the concepts responsibility,participation and experience, as well as research in this field provides the background for the study.The most important features of the data were presented in relation to these three concepts and thecommon themes found between them.The study reveales that the monitoring of the individual plans of development can never be taken forgranted due to the absence of national guidelines on this matter. Either the intention of this absence isto hand over to a professional profession, such as teachers, to decide themselves how the work shouldbe designed, or they are not capable of doing this based on their education and the other conditionsgiven in their work. The conclusion is therefore that it is up to each school and each teacher to decideon how to work with this matter..

THE PAINTING CHILD. A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF AESTHETIC PROCESSES OF LEARNING IN RELATION TO DEWEY´S ART AS EXPERIENCE.The aim of this study is to present a discourse analysis made on five-year-old children during art activities in a preschool in Sweden. The questions asked are: how does interaction take place between the children, or the child and the teacher, during art activities? And what does this tell us about the relationship to art in preschool? In Art as Experience John Dewey claims that art is separated from other experiences of life, but that it ought to be close to ordinary life-experiences. Today visual culture is important in society but not in school.