Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union a lot of hope has been put on civil society to help develop Russia into a more democratic society. This study explores the constructive elements in the relationship between civil society and the state in Russia, and how this enables the work toward political development. By using Julie Fishers theory about political development and organisational autonomy I discuss the varying and often complex ways in which civil society and the state interacts. These are often not mentioned in the liberal tradition, which believes that civil society's most important democratic function is to act as a watchdog for the state.There is very limited political space for NGO's in authoritative Russia. The existing oppositional NGO's are important for the political development, but they are few and their impacts on society are limited.

Lean produktion är en filosofi vars förenklade syfte är att producera mer produkter och samtidigt använda färre resurser genom att eliminera slöseri i systemet. I grunden är det företag som ägnar sig åt stycktillverkningen som anammat tekniker inom lean men på senare tid har denna filosofi spridit sig även till andra branscher. Utvecklingen av lean mot processindustrin har däremot gått mycket långsammare vilket medför att den industrin fortfarande har mycket att lära när det kommer till lean. En del kritiker menar att möjligheten att använda leantekniker i processindustrin är väldigt begränsad medan andra hävdar att det bara krävs ett annorlunda angreppssätt och att de olika metoderna måste anpassas efter processindustrins förutsättningar.Då lean syftar till att eliminera olika typer av slöseri ur systemet finns det en generellt vedertagen metod som heter värdeflödesanalys. Denna metod används för att kartlägga material- och informationsflödet för att man på så vis ska kunna identifiera slöseri som existerar i systemet.

The purpose of the study has been to recognise good development and the factors behind this development. We have chosen an aid-project co-financed first by the Swedish government and later by the government of Great Britain for our study. One of the conditions for good development, according to our chosen theory Another development, is peoples participation. To study good development and peoples participation we conducted a Minor Field Study (MFS) in Rajasthan in the north-west of India in June-August 2001. We had a hermeneutic approach and consequently accomplished interviews and participant observations in the Lok Jumbish project in Rajasthan.

Det var under 80-talet Lean satte sitt namn på den organisatoriska kartan. Lean är ett arbetssätt vars syfte är att effektivisera produktionssystem och eliminera moment i arbetsprocessen där ett direkt värde saknas. Allt fler organisationer väljer att implementera Lean trots att det finns kritiker vilka liknar arbetssättet med Taylorism och Scientific management varför vi finner ämnet intressant. För några år sedan var en av författarna bakom den här studien med och implementerade Lean på sin arbetsplats. Uppfattningen författaren fick var att medarbetarnas mottagande av Lean var negativt, ur det negativa mottagandet föddes en nyfikenhet hos författaren över relationen mellan Lean och medarbetaren.

The goal of customer support is to help clients achieve maximum value in their services and products. Customer support is the public face of a company, which means that it is important to give the customer a positive experience and live up to customer expectations. Efficient customer support has become more important and studies show that customers who leave a company do so because of poor service. Customers' growing demands for higher quality and easier access to services means that companies must recognize the need to satisfy each customer. It is important that each customer receives the attention required and that customer needs are met quickly and flawlessly.

ABSTRACT System development has become more and more concentrated on development for the Web and this has resulted in larger target groups. It will most surely continue to be so considering that the Web will be the infrastructure of business and services in the future. A big target group involves that the owner of a system can earn a lot of money from the paying users, but that assumes that the system can meet user needs. If a system on the Web does not satisfy the user?s demands then they will use the competitor?s system instead because it is only a mouse-click away.

This thesis was rendered for the client HAGS Aneby AB that is a global leader in playground equipment. The goal of this project was to develop a seesaw that is available for children aged 5-12 years; both with and without disabilities. The project has aimed to develop a seesaw that fits everyone in the target group without looking specially adapted.Children with disabilities have difficulty using today's seesaws because they consist of only a seat and a handle on each side. It requires that the user has strong arms and legs and can sit up without support. HAGS Aneby AB would like to change this.To gain knowledge of the target group and on the different types of disabilities information was sought for on the internet including the RBU's and UNICEF's websites.

The study has been conducted to find out whether aesthetic expressions and experiences can benefit the smallest children's language development. How do the teachers at the preschool relate to aesthetic expression? Do they think that aesthetic expression and experience will be favorable for stimulating children's language? Children perceive through their senses, logically aesthetic expressions should promote children's learning and development. How does this claim stand in relation with the smallest children's language development and teachers' views on aesthetics as a pedagogical tool for language stimulation? To get closer to the answer a survey have been done.

Utvecklingen inom informationsteknologi (IT)-området har gjort det möjligt för företag att distribuera tjänster och mjukvara via webben, enligt affärsmodellen Software as a Servie (SaaS). Det har dessutom visat sig att det finns ytterligare vinst att göra för såväl konsumenter som leverantörer av dessa verktyg om de kan distribueras utan omfattande implementeringsaktiviteter och utbildning. Därför vill man uppnå en hög grad av self-service i applikationerna.Affärsprocessföretaget Barium AB har uppmärksammat denna potential hos SaaS-produkterna och hyser en önskan att implementera self-servicetänket i deras produkt ?Barium Live!?. Då den forskning som finns rörande design av self-serviceprodukter i huvudsak handlar om enkla system av kiosk- och automattyp har de tagit initiativ till detta arbete för att reda ut vilka designimplikationer self-serviceaspekten har för mer komplexa applikationer.

AbstractThis study aims to describe and analyze how the 15 municipalities of Västerbotten County consider regional targets of development in their comprehensive plans. The study also investigate if there´s any need of improvements for the consideration of regional targets in comprehensive planning.This paper is based on studies of comprehensive plans in Västerbotten County and on three interviews with employers of different municipalities in the county. An thematic analysis were used to analyze documents and interviews.The result shows that a new comprehensive plan generally takes more consideration to regional targets of development than older plans. The consideration varies a lot between the municipalities of Västerbotten County and it can be explained by many reasons. The informant?s points out that lack of resources- and competence plus a deficient dialog between municipalities and regional organizations are the mainly causes.Keywords; regional development, comprehensive planning, strategy for regional development, regional development program, land-use planning.

The aim of this master?s thesis is to investigate a possible connection between the development of mobile library services in Sweden and the development of cultural policy during 1945-2006. Our main question is: is there a connection between the development of the mobile library services in Sweden, as described in Biblioteksbladet, and the development of cultural policy as portrayed by Anders Frenander and Dorte Skot-Hansen? In order to answer this question, we formulated two secondary questions: - How are the mobile library services described in Biblioteksbladet between 1945 and 2006? - Are there any similarities or dissimilarities between the development of the mobile library services and the development cultural policy as described in our theoretical models? If so, in what way? Our study covers the entire time period since the start of the mobile library services in Sweden in the late 1940s. The final year for our investigation is 2006.

The goal of this project was to make the requirement process at the Swedish Coastguard more effective. The first step to achieve this was done by locating bottle necks in the process with value stream mapping method. The result of this study showed that the biggest restriction in the requirement process was while examining older requirement documents to understand what elements were suitable for the particular project. This was followed by a study of literature, interviews and theory of Lean Production with the ambition to investigate how the requirement process was handled on other companies and how to improve the process on the Swedish coast guard. This led to a number of potential enhancements of the process which later was evaluated. Requirements written by different people in different organizations were analyzed in order to sort out if there were some similarities? which could be used as standard elements in a future standardization of the process.

The number of locals in Stockholm who chooses the bike in front of public transport has increased significantly in recent years. The product purchaser of this project, Joakim Victorin at Sigma AB, has a keen interest in cycling, which resulted in a fairly obvious topic of this project; through a web application Sigma AB wanted to make it possible to handle results from professional as well as amateur competitions in cycling.The purpose of this web application is to simplify reporting and handling of competition for both small and bigger bicycle races. By providing the users of the system a platform independent client, any available device may be used.This thesis has followed the development principles which prevail on the ASP .NET MVC 3 concept. When developing the system the Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 development environment was used. The framework and the pattern of ASP .NET MVC 3 is a prominent part of today?s web development.

This study aim to investigate the conditions framing the professional development situation for physical education teachers (PE) in a small municipality in the south of Sweden. The Swedish National Agency for Education declare that "focus must be directed towards strengthening the teachers' profession", and that "schools need well-trained teachers and good teaching to help students achieve good results". The study focuses both the schools? contribution and the way in which the teachers take own initiative and are motivated to develop their professional skills. The investigation is all based on teachers' perspectives.

This is a study of proficiency development of major/lt colonel officers (level 2-3) within the Swedish armed forces. The study includes officers above the age of 45. The background of this study is a study from January 2000 (written by Björn Osswald). Osswald discovered that proficiency development decreased at the age of 45. Since the profession as an officer today is a lifetime profession, this is a result that the Swedish Armed Forces not can afford.