Vårt moderna samhälle är idag beroende av dagliga transporter som både är en stor kostnad för producerande företag och dessutom har en stor miljöpåverkan. Främst eftersom klimatfrågan idag debatteras flitigt men också för att det finns stora incitament för företagen att minska sina transportkostnader kommer vi, med största sannolikhet att se stora effektiviseringar av denna bransch inom en snar framtid. I detta arbete behandlas därför i vilken utsträckning två välkända teorier, Lean och Supply Chain Management, kan användas för att optimera transporterna främst vad gäller kostnad och miljöpåverkan. Efter att ha analyserat ett flertal rapporter som behandlat dagens transporter, transporttyper av olika slag och pågående miljöregleringar samt intervjuer med två svenska industribolag har vi kommit fram till att dessa två teorier inte lämpar sig i alla situationer. Lönsamheten i användandet av dessa två teorier beror på vilken teknisk grad företagets produkter har samt hur stor företagens produktion är.

Due to increasing product availability and higher demands on fast deliveries, the competition between companies is growing. To be able to satisfy the customers? requests an efficient logistics system with short throughput time is required. By using tools associated with Lean production companies are able to make great improvements in their manufacturing systems and reduce lead times to satisfy customer demands.There are two classifications associated with manufacturing, high variety and low volume (HVLV) and low volume and high variety (LVHV). The general belief is that the concept of Lean production is difficult to implement in a production environment with high variety and low volume due to the concept being adapted to mass production.

This master?s degree project concerns the combination of a multi dwelling passive house with solar energy for the generation of electricity and domestic hot water (DHW). Different alternatives with either solar thermal systems or photovoltaic (PV) systems are compared with two reference alternatives producing DHW from electricity or district heating. The economical comparison uses a life cycle cost (LCC) perspective based on the present value of expenditures for investment, energy and annual operating and maintenance.The energy yields from the solar energy systems were calculated by hand and with simulation software. Calculation and dimensioning of PV systems were carried out with a software called PVSYST.

There are several ways of conducting software testing where some may include users and others may include personnel whose work task is to execute test on systems. Although most developers and project managers understand the point of testing the system, it is not always being done and the most common reason is that there is no time for it. However, this is a false assumption as it may instead cause some bugs in the system that would not have been there in the first place if tests had been there to prevent bugs in the code.My purpose for this thesis was to find suggestions for changes in the development process in an ongoing project used by Acino and Svenska Försäkringsfabriken in order to increase the quality of the system used. In this thesis, I have approached the purpose by pursuing a case study of the two companies through observation and interviews. By doing this I acquired the relevant information to make suggestions for change.

My aim with this diploma work is to find out if the students consider development deliberations as a good forum in order to promote their knowledge development or not. I have also examined if the development deliberation is experienced as giving for the pupil or not, what I have been studying from the pupil's perspectives.MethodI have implemented three qualitative interviews with three students from class nine in a compulsory education that lies in Botkyrka municipality. There, I have also an implemented questionnaire survey with two half classes from same class.Materials To my study I have linked literature where research aims himself in on how teachers have worked with development deliberations in the school.Results Students that I have interviewed does consider development deliberations as a knowledgep romoting forum, but most as a forum for clear about study results. The students in the survey consider development deliberations as giving only when the result turns out to bee good.Importance for teachers As each development deliberation is unique, you can not come to a certain implication that all deliberations are experienced in the same way as the result shows. But that can last stakeholder for the teacher is to see how one development deliberation can to be experienced of several students.

This Master thesis has been carried out at Scania CV AB in Södertälje, in collaboration withKTH, The Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm. The focus of this Master thesis isSetBased Concurrent Engineering(SBCE), with the purpose of answering the questions: what isSBCE, how does it work, and for what purposes is it applied.It was early established thatSBCE is often included as a part of Lean product development,which in its turn is often related to Toyota?s way of working. TheSBCE method includesworking with multiple solutions in parallel, eliminating weak alternatives throughout thewhole process. In opposite to a conventional product development process, where it iscommon one at an early stage tries to identify and choose the most promising alternative.Despite the appearance ofSBCE as a resource consuming method, figures from Toyotaindicates the opposite, thatSBCE is in fact a very effective way of working compared to othermore traditional methods.The process of this Master thesis was divided into three phases.

AB Gustaf Kährs grundades 1857 i Nybro och 1947 blev Kährs först med att få patent på ett trägolv. Enligt Kährs är deras affärsidé att erbjuda miljövänliga och högkvalitativa trägolv för privata, offentliga och kommersiella miljöer. Under de senare åren har marknaden för robustare och mer formgivna trägolv vuxit. Därför har Kährs på kort tid byggt upp en ny linje för designprodukter. Det finns ett behov av att utvärdera och analysera linjen ur ett produktionstekniskt perspektiv med hjälp av olika LEAN verktyg.

In today?s IT world where software is constructed in a rapid pace, testing has become a crucial area to master when testing has to be done at a greater speed. To still be able to handle the demands of high quality software, companies have to spend more resources on testing and introduce test automation. By automating test cases the testers can gain time which they can spend on doing more complex testing and thereby increase the quality of the software.In this thesis we have helped Extenda AB, who delivers systems to retail companies, to introduce test automation in one of their customer specific projects. This has been done using their own in-house ?capture/replay? tool ECP (Extenda Cashier Player).We have also derived a process that explains how Extenda can introduce test automation on other customer projects.

In February 2002 the European commission put forward a proposal for a new directive on The patentability of computer-implemented inventions, but which during my work on this essay has not been decided on yet. The directive has divided the decision-makers in the union, the commission and parliament, into two different positions regarding by which range computer-implemented inventions should be patentable. The parliament has amended the commissions proposal in a substantial way and the legal process has caused a heated debate both within the unions administration and among various interest groups both in favour of and against a patent on computer-implemented inventions. The loudest protests have come from a group that feels threatened by a possible software patent: Open Source. In this study I examine both the arguments by the decision-makers and by the lobbying for and against the proposal.

This Degree project summarizes how it is to work in the CAD program Revit Architecture. This was done because AQ Arkitekter in Eskilstuna is interested in how Revit works. Especially compared to AutoCad which is the software they are using today. Will their work become more efficient with the new software?The starting point was to find out how it is to work with Revit when you only used AutoCAD Architecture before.

The purpose of this essey is through empirical methods investigate usability factors on Video On Demand applications for the Internet. More specificly we will focus on a application called Voddler. The purpose is to identify usability problems that exist in Voddler, and present the reader with suggestions on possible solutions. This could be used as guidelines to how to design for usability in this kind of system. We will use an online survey to investigate Voddler usability and use this data as a basis for our analysis.

De tankar om förbättringsprocesser som tillslut har blivit konceptet Lean härstammar ifrån ?The Toyota Production System? där Kiiro Toyodas vision att alla delar av en bil skall levereras precis ?i rätt tid? står i fokus. Delarna som arbetarna behöver skall alltså vara tillgängliga precis när de behöver dem varken förr eller senare. Det tog tid innan hans vision blev realitet men ett decennium efter hans död använder hela Toyota koncernen sig utav hans idéer över hela världen. Man kan se systemutveckling som en form av produktutveckling.

This Degree project summarizes how it is to work in the CAD program Revit Architecture. This was done because AQ Arkitekter in Eskilstuna is interested in how Revit works. Especially compared to AutoCad which is the software they are using today. Will their work become more efficient with the new software?The starting point was to find out how it is to work with Revit when you only used AutoCAD Architecture before.

As the final course in the education ?University Diploma Programme for Process Operators? there is a thesis in cooperation with a company required.This thesis is about operator maintenance and 5S made at Metsä Board in Husum.In this report you can read my opinions and conclusions based on literature studies and the interviews that have been made with the staff at PM6 (the paper machine).I chose to focus on the theory of lean, 5S and operator maintenance because it covers the area of this thesis.The operators shall do their rounds to make sure that the equipment works fine. They shall also write down things that they notice in a checklist. This is not done as it should be and the question is: can this be solved by using 5S?My conclusion of this thesis are:Better review of the task so that everyone is involved.

Due to a growing interest in communication in today?s society the demand for equipment that is used in communication networks increases while the competition between companies that produce this equipment grows. To meet the increasing demand and at the same time having a competitive product development many companies use some effective product design, such as the modular product design. When a modular product design is used it?s good to compare different module configurations for a certain product and to simplify these comparisons some tool can be used.