The county administration asked LKAB to make an inventory of possibly contaminated sites caused by their mining activity. The inventory should be performed according to the MIFO model, a method from SEPA which is used to assess a contaminated site. The first phase involves collection of information through interviews and site inspections and in phase 2 a general survey with field sampling is conducted.LKAB started the work with the first phase of the survey during 2003. During this project the information collected in Phase 1 was evaluated and 16 of the sites were chosen to proceed to MIFO Phase 2 (six sites in Kiruna, and 5 sites respectively in Svappavaara and Malmberget). The sampling of these 16 sites was performed during week 27 2004.

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of internal medicine and clinical nutritionAbstractTitle: Can exclusive enteral nutrition replace steroid treatment in pediatric Morbus Crohn?Author: Hanna Rymark Lehnér and Josephine PetterssonSupervisor: Mette AxelsenExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: May 23, 2012Background: Morbus Crohn is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease which periodically causes great suffering for the patient. There is solid scientific evidence that treatment with steroids effectively induces and preserves remission. However, side effects are many and a great risk for stunted growth and skeletal development exists in children. A widespread view is that exclusive enteral nutrition is as effective as steroids in pediatric Crohn´s.

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: A vegetarian diet, a possible treatment complement for relief of symptoms ofrheumatoid arthritis? A systematic review.Author: Alexandra Ahlsén and Caroline ForsbergSupervisor: Mette AxelsenExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: May 22, 2012Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic remitting polyarthritis that is relapsing.Symptoms are inflammation of the joints with pain, stiffness and degradation of joint tissue.In some cases, also other parts of the body are involved. The treatment consists ofmedications to reduce pain, inflammation and degradation of joint tissue. Today, the offerednutritional treatment is primarily focused on meeting energy requirements and nutrient needs.The diet has also been discussed as symptomatic treatment, and one of the factors believed toinfluence the symptoms is meat.Objective: To assess the evidence as to whether a vegetarian diet affects the symptoms ofrheumatoid arthritis, and if so, to suggest how it can be implemented in practical dieteticswork.Search strategy The databases used in the literature search was PubMed, Scopus, and AMED.The search words used were: "rheumatiod arthritis", "vegetarian", "vegan", "diet", "meat" and"animal protein".Selection criteria: Studies investigating a vegetarian diet on the symptoms of RA wereincluded. Only RCT, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, human studies and original articlesin English or Swedish were included.

Title: Brain Gym®? An approach to increase self-knowledge in situations of learning?- A study at the Malmö Academy of Music from a teacher and student perspective. Brain Gym® is a method developed by Paul Dennison in his studies of physiology and aims to eliminate potential blockages during the process of learning. During the influence of stress, as in learning, we do not possess a total access to our perceptive ability. Instead we are limited to our so called dominance profile.

The veterinary handling of wildlife, both in zoos and in the wild, commonly requires that the patients need to be captured and immobilized for examination or treatment. This emphasises the need for quick, on-site, laboratory equipment, in order to minimize the analysis time and thus the stress for the animal and also in order to increase the possibility of starting relevant treatment early on. The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether Serum Amyloid A (SAA) could be a measured in blood samples from bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) and South American tapirs (Tapirus terrestris). SAA rises to its maximum about 24 hours after the introduction of an inflammatory agent in companion animals. This also correlates with the estimated time it takes for animals at Kolmården Wildlife Park to be examined and having blood samples collected after being observed as sick. The study also evaluated whether the Eurolyser SOLO, using a turbidometric immunoassay (TIA) developed for human diagnostics, could be used for such analysis. This pilot study was a retrospective analysis of SAA in convenience sampled frozen serum, collected from dolphins, elephants and tapirs.

BACKGROUND: Today?s societal changes, including high rate of change and increasing information flows, are increasing the demand on the individual mental capacity. It becomes increasingly difficult to analytically process all the different dilemmas and everyday decisions as individuals have a limited mental capacity available to make these decisions. Thus, it has been suggested that ego-depleted relies more heavily on intuition, which is less burdensome, when making decision. However little is known about to what extent intuitive decisions differ from analytic.

Sarcoid is the most common tumor in horses all over the world. The sarcoid is a benign, locally invasive, usually fibroblastic proliferative skin neoplasm. Even if the etiology is not completley verified, the epidemiology and clinical behavior suggest a infectious intervention, probably BPV type 1 or type 2. However, it is known that the cause is multifactorial. A genetic prepdispositon has been identified associated to genes within the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), but also to breed, age and perhaps gender.

Sarcoid is the most common tumor in horses all over the world. The sarcoid is a benign, locally invasive, usually fibroblastic proliferative skin neoplasm. Even if the etiology is not completley verified, the epidemiology and clinical behavior suggest a infectious intervention, probably BPV type 1 or type 2. However, it is known that the cause is multifactorial. A genetic prepdispositon has been identified associated to genes within the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), but also to breed, age and perhaps gender.

Gastric and intestinal disorders are common and costly human health problems worldwide. Helicobacter pylori are a gram-negative, pathogen bacteria and the most common cause of duodenal and gastric ulcer in the stomach the intestinal mucosa. Prolonged infection and colonization can lead to chronic gastritis and stomach cancer. H. pylori are present in the gastric and intestinal mucosa of half of the world population and a relation between infection and low socioeconomic status has been shown.

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Trans fatty acids from ruminants - and its effect on blood lipidprofile in healthy men and womenAuthor: Sophie Berg and Sara KarlssonSupervisor: Henriette PhilipsonExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: May 23, 2012BackgroundCardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in Sweden. It is well known that thereis a link between high consumption of industrial trans fatty acids and cardiovascular disease, buthow natural trans fatty acids affect us remains uncertain.ObjectiveThe purpose of this article is to, based on the currently available scientific evidence, concludewhether an intake of trans fatty acids from ruminants generates an effect on the bloodlipid profile of healthy men and women.Search strategyRCT articles were obtained through searches in databases such as PubMed, The CochraneLibrary, and Scopus. Keywords used were "ruminants" AND "Cholesterol" AND "Trans FattyAcids" and "ruminants" AND "Blood Lipids" AND "Trans Fatty Acids".Selection criteriaInclusion criteria were RCT studies conducted on healthy people who did not receive medicationfor hyperlipidemia. Moreover, the results were to be based on fasting blood samples, where atleast ten hours of fasting preceded the analysis of the blood lipids.Data collection and analysisThe search generated eight studies. These were graded according to SBU:s Granskningsmall förrandomiserad kontrollerad prövning, after which four studies were selected.

Today most dosages used in horse medicine are based on studies in adult horses. Since there are differences between adult and neonatal horses with respect to different pharmacological parameters this can cause problems when administring drugs to neonatal foals. Neonatal sepsis is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in foals and aggressive antibiotic treatment is needed immediately when sepsis is suspected. In Sweden the combination of trimethoprim/sulphadiazine and bensylpenicillin is often used as the initial treatment. When administering drugs, interactions can occur between the drugs and endogenous substances.

Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionTitle: ?What nutrition therapy has the best outcome on growth in preterm children and/or children born with low birth weight??Author: Josefine Nyström and Rebecca HammarSupervisor: Fredrik BertzExaminer: Frode SlindeProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: April 11, 2013Background: There is a number of reasons why a child is born preterm and with a low birth weight, for instance if the mother is underweight, smoking or exposed for malaria. The negative consequences of being born preterm or with a low birth weigth are many, both on long and short term. According to the WHO preterm birth is the most common direct cause of infant mortality. By providing the right measures in time when it comes to nutrition the mortality can be reduced considerably.Objective: To examine and summarise the scientific ground when it comes to the best nutrition therapy for preterm children and children born with a low birth weight.Search strategy: A systematic literature search was done in the databases Pubmed, Cohrane and Scopus.

Inflammatory airway disease (IAD) is a respiratory disorder that most commonly affects young horses performing at a high level. The clinical signs are often mild but the disorder can cause a marked decrease in performance to a point where the horse has to be taken of training and competing. The aetiology underlying IAD is not yet fully understood. One current theory is that a type I-hypersensitivity reaction due to allergens in the environment is the cause in some horses. The most reliable diagnostic method is a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) since it reflects the inflammatory status in the most distal parts of the lungs, which are affected in IAD.

Problem: Läkaryrket är ett komplext yrke där verklighetens obestämbarhet gör att enbart de med stor kunskap, erfarenhet och färdigheter, i förhållande till lekmannen, kan ta kvalificerade beslut. Yrken med denna beskrivning kallas professioner. Skapar professioner en viss sorts människor?Efter avslutade civilingenjörsstudier samt en nästan färdig fil.kand. i företagsekonomi, kände jag under mina läkarstudier att mitt tankesätt påverkades i en helt annan grad än vid de tidigare studierna.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att klargöra vilken genomslagskraft kundbegreppet har fått inom vårdstrategier. Vi bidrar därmed i denna uppsats med att klargöra vilken syn på patienten som råder inom hälso- och sjukvården idag, om synen på patienten förändrats i och med kundbegreppets introduktion samt hur synen på patienten kan påverka kvaliteten. De frågeställningar som kommer att behandlas i denna uppsats är således följande: Har synen på patienten förändrats i och med kundbegreppets introduktion? Hur kan synen på patienten påverka kvaliteten i hälso- och sjukvården? Förbättringsarbetet kring kundorienteringen tar idag sin utgångspunkt i teorier som behandlar industriföretag. Eftersom hälso- och sjukvården skiljer sig från industriföretag genom att utgöras av människonära tjänster undersöks hur ett tjänsteperspektiv på patienten kan påverka kvaliteten.