Den arena dÀr socker och sötma förstÀrs har förÀndrats i och med att socker har gÄtt frÄn en global handelsvara, endast tillgÀnglig ett fÄtal, till en lokal som nÄr de stora massorna. Detta kanske kan ses som en mindre revolution i mathÄllningen. Men varför Àter mÀnniskan socker och varför finner hon smaken sÄ ÄtrÄvÀrd?Syftet med studien var att ur ett evolutionÀrt samt kulturellt perspektiv undersöka varför mÀnniskan finner den söta smaken ÄtrÄvÀrd.Metoden som har anvÀnts i föreliggande studie var en litteraturstudie av vetenskapliga artiklar dÀr artiklar som berör hÀlsoaspekter som socker och sötma orsakar diskuteras emot bakgrundens evolutionÀra samt kulturella aspekter.Resultatet visade att mÀnniskan fann den söta smaken ÄtrÄvÀrd baserat bÄde pÄ medfödda samt kulturellt inlÀrda preferenser.Av diskussionen framgick att det fanns en medfödd preferens för sötma men att den kulturellt betingade preferensen tog över genom den inlÀrning hon fÄr frÄn sin första mÄltid av modersmjölk och framÄt. MÀnniskan förknippade dÀrför sött med bÄde trygghet, lugn, belöning, tröst men framförallt med mat.

Författaren utreder i denna uppsats medelst empirisk analys huruvida det existerar nÄgon skillnad i riskjusterade pekuniÀra prestationer mellan traditionella och »etiska« fonder pÄ den svenska fondmarknaden. Författaren kartlÀgger först den svenska fondmarknadens bestÄnd av »etiska« fonder. DÀrefter upprÀttar författaren en databas över samtliga de fonder pÄ den svenska fondmarknaden ? »etiska« sÄvÀl som traditionella ? som verkar inom de tvÄ klart avgrÀnsade investeringsuniversumen »Sverige« och »Global, mix bolag«. Till denna databas för författaren uppgifter om fondernas riskjusterade pekuniÀra prestationer, kvantifierade i de tre prestationsmÄtten SharpemÄtt, TreynormÄtt och JensenmÄtt samt baserade pÄ historiska data för den senaste treÄrsperioden.

Recent years have been very turbulent for most private equity firms. Especially the financial meltdown in global economy has affected the industry, but also the public pressure has made private equity houses change their control strategies towards more conventional methods used in public companies. This thesis aims to put light on the control methods used in listed private equity houses which use a buyout strategy. The paper describes how the control methods change over the different phases the asset experience and how different value generating strategies use altered control methods. Using Merchant's (2003) framework for management control systems and Berg and Gottschalg's (2004) research on value generating strategies in buyouts the thesis shows that action controls as designing instructions for the board and a business plan, together with goal alignment is the commonly used control strategy directly after the acquisition.

Syftet med detta arbete Àr att titta pÄ avvikelser och skillnader kring en speciell hÀndelse som skildras i svenska lÀromedel i historieÀmnet. Genom en kvalitativ bildanalytisk metod har vi analyserat illustrationer av det kÀnda mötet mellan Doktor Livingstone och Henry Morton Stanley 1871. Det Àr en ofta förekommande illustration och i detta arbete har vi analyserat illustrationen av mötet frÄn olika tidsepoker. Vi har tagit del av forskning kring lÀromedelsbilder för att fÄ en överblick kring bilders och illustrationers syfte och roll i lÀromedel. FrÄn historieforskningen har vi hÀmtat begreppen eurocentrism och global perspektiv ocksÄ för att synliggöra eventuella avvikelser.

The purpose of the study is to explore the internal implementation and communication of ecological sustainability within an organization and to identify obstacles and challenges that may arise. To address the study's purpose and research questions, a qualitative methodology and semi-structured interviews were used. Respondents were selected from two different units within a large global organization operating in the automotive industry. The study's findings indicate that the organization's sustainability efforts are extensive and integrated across several departments. It is also evident that sustainability initiatives are primarily driven by upper management within the organization, although there is room for lower hierarchical levels to provide some feedback.

AbstractThe customer demand for ecological products has increased in recent years, within the garden industry this mainly concerns herbs and other edible plants. The organic trend is increasing and more people are aware of the environment and want to take responsibility for it through their purchases for their garden as well.In this essay the aim is to investigate customer demand and the possibility of selling organicperennial plants in eight garden centres on the Åland islands and in GĂ€vle/Sandviken. I include two garden centres with an organic profile to get a wider point of view. I investigate the global market for organic perennials and look further into existing certification standards on the Swedish market today.The methods I have been using are interviews and a literature study.The study shows that the experienced demand for organic perennials is small in both of myinvestigated groups. The biggest motivation for starting to sell organic perennials would be to find a supplier of these plants and that more customer would ask for them.

This is a study of predictions made by the press during the financial crisis in Asia in the autumn of 1997. The study includes a qualitative, quantitative and comparative analysis of the Swedish newspapers Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet and Dagens Industri. In the last chapter a quantitative analysis of the newspaper Finanstidningen, that today no longer exists, has also been made for comparative reasons. A theoretical framework is also set in the study to explain how the predictions can affect the economy. The quantitative analysis shows that 2/3 of the texts in the traditional morning papers Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet included predictions about the crisis from an Asian or global perspective, while only 1/3 of the texts in the financial newspapers Dagens Industri and Finanstidningen included such predictions.

Foreign invested SMEs have recently become increasingly interested in China. The enterprises are in this report categorized as second wave companies since they follow the footsteps of previous pioneers, of which mostly were larger companies. The ambitions of the SMEs are either to sell products on the ever expanding Chinese market or to utilize the potential of low cost production for global markets. The existing literature is fragmented and solely based on the experience of larger companies. We believe that SMEs are facing new and different challenges, and thus a new generic theoretical frame work is desirable.

Syftet med denna undersökning Àr att fÄ en inblick i om och hur förlusten av sockenkyrkan pÄverkade livet i NedertorneÄ-Haparanda församling socialt samt religiöst och i sÄ fall hur eventuella förÀndringar yttrade sig nÀr de efter kriget 1809 förlorade hemkyrkan pÄ Björkön-Pirkkiö till Ryssland. Församlingskyrkan blev efter grÀnsdragningen kvar pÄ ryskt omrÄde. Eftersom kyrkan ansvarade för ett flertal nuvarande statliga uppgifter under denna tid, har jag funderat pÄ hur undervisning, fattigvÄrd samt sjukvÄrd fungerade utan kyrka och prÀsterskap. Hur förrÀttningar och gudstjÀnster fungerade i en sÄdan komplex situation Àr ytterligare faktorer jag studerat nÀrmare.För att ta reda pÄ hur det förhöll sig med detta under den hÀr tidsperioden har jag Àgnat mig Ät litteraturstudium; vilket till största delen varit av historisk karaktÀr. Det har rört sig om kyrkohistoria, studium av samhÀllsutveckling, samt allmÀn global och lokal historia.UtifrÄn det samlade materialet har jag kommit fram till att livet pÄverkades ur flera aspekter för invÄnarna i NedertorneÄ-Haparanda församling nÀr de förlorade sockenkyrkan 1809.

The aim of this paper is to examine whether the theory of cosmopolitan democracy provides a satisfactory solution to the boundary problem in democratic theory. I argue that David Held's version of cosmopolitan democracy rests on two incompatibleprinciples: the all-affected principle and the all-inclusive principle. However, the theory does not need to presuppose both these principles; it requires only one of them.Furthermore, I try to show that both of these principles fail to provide an adequate solution to the boundary problem. The all-inclusive principle suggests that all citizens of the world should be included in a global democratic unit. I argue that such an ideal is not desirable since it conflicts with the principle of subsidiarity and withdraws from regional political communities their sovereignty.

Young women with immigrant background are generally looked upon as victims of patriarchal structures and cultural determinism.The purpose of this bachelor thesis was therefore to have a salutogen perspective. We investigated how young women with a transcultural background are affected by and how they use their experiences from different backgrounds in their creating of identity.We based our essay on qualitative interviews and current research on the subjects of multi culture, identity and youth. The interviewees were seven young women with experience of multi cultural background and performing different kind of artistic activity.The theory and empirical material combined and compared resulted in three themes: affinity, cultural hybridization, and salutogen factors.We saw that for those young women affinity functioned as a basis for creating identity and that their double background enriches them in several aspects. The three major salutogen factors that the interviewees had in common, and we emphasize, are their struggle, open mind and awareness of freedom.The global youth culture has a great impact upon the young women and to some extent we could recognize cultural hybridization. We consider this neglected subject urgent and very relevant for social work in the multi cultural society of Sweden..

Hedgefonder Àr en relativt ny investeringsform pÄ den svenska marknaden. Dessa fonder karakteriseras av att oavsett marknadsutvecklingen uppnÄ en positiv absolut avkastning med lÄg risk. Hedgefonder Àr en förvaltningsform med stor variation vilket medför att de kan karakteriseras som en heterogen grupp av fonder, dock med vissa gemensamma drag. I denna studie har jag valt att jÀmföra fyra olika hedgestrategier med traditionell förvaltning i riskjusterad avkastning. DÄ hedgefonders avkastningsmönster ofta inte Àr normalfördelade tappar Mean-Variance mÄtten sin exakthet.

This thesis is a cultural theoretical case study of the art project (O)önskad samhÀllsförbÀttring.Via an analysis of the project, that is based on theories of power, resistance and contemporaryurban development, it examines the construction of urban space, its impact on public art including the ability of art to initiate evolvement of the urban public space.The last decades art has plaid an important role in what is called the creative city; to become attractive nodal points of the global economy, larger cities increasingly invest in art,culture and creative industry. Simultaneously the urban public space is limited to activitiesand expressions of art that are presumed to create economic growth. This introduces animpression of what is allowed and what is not allowed, possible and not possible, wished andnot wished which, as a consequence, evolves the public space. The events during the artproject and the reactions that followed enlightened these limitations. This tells a story, not only about the structuring process of the local urban space, but also important changes that are created as a simultaneous effect at different levels in society, as well locally as globally.

PÄ senare Är med den fortsatta globaliseringen har miljöfrÄgor blivit allt viktigare. Eftersom transportsektorn stÄr för en stor del av den totala miljöpÄverkan Àr det viktigt att logistikföretagen tar ett miljömÀssigt ansvar och arbetar med sÄ kallad grön logistik. PÄ grund avde ökade avstÄnden vid global handel och ökade brÀnslepriser Àr det viktigt med miljövÀnliga alternativ. Syftet med denna studie Àr att undersöka hur de globala logistikföretagen bedriver sitt miljöarbete, frÀmst kring transporterna. Detta sker genom en studie av vetenskapliga artiklar och intervjuer med miljöansvariga hos Schenker, DHL och Green Cargo.

This thesis aims to describe and characterise the impact of the Kurdish question for Turkey's decision-making process and foreign relations from the 1980's until today. The Kurdish question as perceived by Ankara, is separatist, and poses a security threat to the entire country but has also international dimensions, which are responded with foreign policy actions by Turkey. Initially, a systemic view is considered in order to investigate Turkey's position in this issue in a global perspective. Moreover, this is completed with an ?Internal Politics Perspective?(Joe D Hagan), which gives a deeper understanding of the actual structures and actors in Turkish domestic policy that shape the foreign policy.