The use of Power Line Communication, PLC, as a communication solution for Automated Meter Reading, AMR, is popular by utilities in Sweden and other parts of the world due to demands of accurate and fast meter reading. However the use of the electrical grid as a communication medium is complex and sometimes problematic. This report handles some of the issues and problems that are important to understand when using the grid as a communications medium. Focus is mainly on investigating high frequency distortion in the Kristianstad power grid own by C4energi caused by a frequency converter. Measurements on site are done to investigate signal damping in the grid, different configurations for the frequency converter and signal strength of the PLC-system.

The study is made on behalf of SCA Skog Jämtlands förvaltning which is one of five administration units that SCA Skog consists of. The purpose of the study is to investigate which reduced expenses there are according to spatial concentration of cutting areas. By increasing the spatial concentration of cutting areas it will reduce the need of movements by trailer, also reduce the number of roads that you use during the activities. To be able to perform the study, access to a annual cuttings in nine years have been made available. From this volume new annual cuttings has been created but more concentrated. The two different results have been compared and the results show that concentration of cutting areas generates reduced need for trailer transports and less km road that has to be maintained. But then, if it´s practical viable can be discussed.

Through observations of the childrens play, I have made notes of all activities at the pre-school playground. The intention of the observations was to see if the playground environment invites and stimulate the childs motorie development. The study will be a part of a future planning work of the preschool environment.The results show that the pre-school playground environment invites to physical activities that stimulate the childs motory development. The variation of activities is dependent on the design of the landscapes. The pedagogues taking part of the childrens activities are one of the factors which contributed to the childs choice of activity.The preschool plays an important part in the childrens development so it is important that all personnel have basic knowledge on the importance of outdoor activities.Keywords: Fundamental movement, motorie development, preschool playground, outdoor enviroment.

AbstractInledning: År 2010 kom en ny etableringslag för nyanlända och det hälsofrämjande synsättet har idag blivit centralt i utformningen av många etableringsinsatser. Många nyanlända har en lång process framför sig då de många gånger har ett stort bagage med sig från krigshärjade länder och många otrevliga minnen och upplevelser.I dag pratas det mycket om hur vi tar tillvara och hur vi tar hand om dem som vi tar emot i Svergie, många synpunkter visar på en bristfällig hantering, där stödinsatser inte är tillräckligt anpassade och kunskap förbises. Stödåtgärder som idag erbjuds är den personliga etableringslotsen och olika arbetsmarknadspolitiska program där mentorskap förekommer.Syfte: Syftet med uppsatts är att belysa vilket stöd mentorerna erbjuder de nyanlända och hur mentorerna arbetar med de nyanlända.Metod: För att erhålla kunskap om vilka stödåtgärder som erbjuds och hur de används av mentorerna genomförde vi ett antal intervjuer med ombedda yrkesverksamma mentorer. Intervjuerna transkriberades och analyserades med hjälp av innehållsanalys.Resultat: Resultatet presenteras utifrån tre olika huvudkategorier, Att lägga upp individuella strategier mot mål, Skapa förutsättningar för att ta sig ut i arbetslivet, Skapa förutsättningar till personlig utveckling. Mentorerna använde olika strategier för att stötta deltagaren framåt i den aktiva förändringsprocessen varav alla är individuellt anpassade.Konklusion: Mentorerna använde sig av en blandning av många olika teorier, vi kan se likheter i resultatet till Strength modell of Case mangement, Empowerment, och Kasam..

AbstractThis study aims to describe and analyze how the 15 municipalities of Västerbotten County consider regional targets of development in their comprehensive plans. The study also investigate if there´s any need of improvements for the consideration of regional targets in comprehensive planning.This paper is based on studies of comprehensive plans in Västerbotten County and on three interviews with employers of different municipalities in the county. An thematic analysis were used to analyze documents and interviews.The result shows that a new comprehensive plan generally takes more consideration to regional targets of development than older plans. The consideration varies a lot between the municipalities of Västerbotten County and it can be explained by many reasons. The informant?s points out that lack of resources- and competence plus a deficient dialog between municipalities and regional organizations are the mainly causes.Keywords; regional development, comprehensive planning, strategy for regional development, regional development program, land-use planning.

Our environment affect us, not least gardens. By practising the ancient Chinese art feng shui, one could find tools how to create harmony and balance in gardens. By paying attention to different energies working with colours, shapes and materials one can create a nice garden with good feng shui. The philosophy, however, includes much more than what plants or what hard materials to choose in the garden. It describes different energies, the movement of energies, which we can learn to live in harmony with.

When we started this study we quickly saw that almost all the previous research that we find was focused and concentrated on the fact that the employees should be motivated. The research also presents a top-down perspective which means from the head to the employee. A Swedish newspaper wrote in an article that 1/3 of all Swedish heads can?t motivate their employers. A Swedish internet platform discusses this and says that heads need to be motivated to be able to motivate people around himself.

Bakgrund: Forskning som behandlar sarkopeni visar att muskelförtvining påverkar funktionsförmågan under åldrandets gång och går att förebygga med olika former av styrketräning. Forskningen kring muskelförtvining gjorde således att ett intresse av träning för äldre vuxna väcktes hos oss och därav också styrketräningens potentiella effekter på livskvaliteten.Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka om en ökad fysisk styrka och explosivitet bidrar till en ökad livskvalitet hos personer mellan 55 och 65 år.Metod: Detta har undersökts i en grupp på femton deltagare med inspiration från aktionsforskning. Data har insamlats med hjälp av MuscleLab, SF-36v2 och memos.Resultat: Nio deltagare uppvisade en ökning av effektutvecklingen och sex deltagare en minskning. Livskvaliteten har ökat i samtliga åtta kategorier för gruppen som helhet, vilket innebär att både den fysiska och mentala hälsan har ökat i gruppen.Slutsats: En ökad styrka och explosivitet innebar inte nödvändigtvis en ökad livskvalitet, utan vi anser snarare att förändringen i livskvalitet är beroende av en högre aktivitetsnivå i sig. Detta för att styrkan för gruppen som helhet endast ökat marginellt, men att livskvaliteten har ökat desto mer..

To design new and high tech products the engineers rely more and more on computer based simulations to investigate the properties and behavior for a component or system.To verify these computer based simulations the dynamic properties for the components of the drivetrain needs to be verified. Therefore measurements of the stiffness and vibrations for the rear axle has been performed. This report show how the measurements has been implemented and evaluated, along with some interesting results for the rear axles properties.The static stiffness for the drive shaft along with the axle-gear has been determined. It is found that the stiffness for the whole rear axle is near the stiffness for the drive shaft, which means that the drive shaft becomes the dominant component of the system and affects the rear axle stiffness the most. The measured stiffness of the driveshaft is close to its theoretical stiffness.The stiffness for solely the hypoid-gear have been calculated using the stiffness for the rear axle and driveshaft, and thus has a range for the stiffness of the hypoid gear been determined.The backlash for the whole rear axle and for some individual components has been determined, where the backlash between pinion and crown-wheel has negligible impact on the total backlash.Measurements of the crown-wheel and pinion movements have been conducted, where the direction of movement is consistent with the theoretical direction of the forces.The vibration measurements show that the vibrations are more severe at certain rotational speeds.

AbstractArtikeln är en kvalitativ studie som syftar till att undersöka samverkan mellan organisationer sett ur socialsekreterares perspektiv. Den ämnar undersöka deras erfarenheter, åsikter samt attityder till samverkan för att kunna erhålla deras syn på arbetssättet. Samverkan som arbetssätt måste vara närvarande i människobehandlande organisationer för att säkerställa klientens bästa samt för att öka effektiviteten. Multipel problematik hos klienter gör det nödvändigt att organisationer samverkar. Socialsekreterarna i denna studie såg samverkan som nödvändig och de visar en positiv inställning till arbetssättet.

Abstract  Nilsson, J. (2011) Waldorf preschool and municipal preschools - How they look at the preschool curriculum. Degree in the teacher education program. Gävle. University of Gävle.

The trends in trade have been changing in the last few years. To offer a good product with agood price is not enough today, it?s also required that businesses create a good relationshipwith their customers and then do their best in maintaining it. It is now even more brandscompeting in the market, which indicates how a good relationship between the parties can bean important competitive advantage and also a significant variable.The goal and purpose of the study is to investigate and analyze the factors that influence thatthe supplier, in the sporting goods industry, is seen as a good supplier on the basis of theretailer's point of view. Then we want, from different sized companies, analyze and study howthey work with the key properties in creating a good customer relationship and hencecustomer satisfaction.

Sense of coherence amongst employees with reduced work-capacity at Samhall.Sanela Jakupovic TrostekScientific essay in public health, 15 hp, Academy of Health and promoting Working Life, University of GävleThe aim of this study was to examine how employees at Samhall who has reduced work-capacity experienced their sense of coherence (SOC). The study includes gender, age and civil status in the analysis. The study includes 34 respondents which are divided as 20 men and 14 women. To measure SOC a quantitative method with a 29 standardized questionnaire was used.It was found that the employees felt, in general, low SOC, which means more difficult adaptation to their life situation. Noteworthy is that 70 % of the men in this study showed low SOC compared to 35,7 % of the women.One conclusion that can be drawn is that within Samhall, it showed that women had a higher SOC mean value than men which means they are more equipped to handle, understand and find meaning in their work life. Keywords: Antonovsky, Samhall, disability, work-capacity, sense of coherence (SOC).

AbstractBackground: Relation means the relationship between two parts. By creating a good relation between nurse and patient you can conduce a better caring. Aim: The aim of the study was to illustrate the relation within palliative care from nurse- patient perspective. Method: The study is a literature review where ten articles were analysed with qualitative content analysis. Results: The findings showed that knowledge, communication, continuity, silence and availability were the most important thing for the nurse in the relationship.

From a democratic point of view the existing organisation with municipality sections in the city of Malmö, Sweden will be examined. The matter of how an alternative organisation should be structured will also be discussed. Two incompatible models of democracy theories will be arranged: libertarian democracy and participation democracy. The intentions with the reform were primary to increase the civic participation. By applying those values that are used to characterize participation democracy it will be shown whether the local participation has actually increased.