The main objective of this study is to divide a number of colorectal cancer cases into subgroups based on their molecular features using cluster analysis. The data used is supplied by a research group at Pathology, the Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, and consists, after some preparation, of 455 observations which is a larger data set than many similar studies. The molecular variables that the clustering is based on are CIMP (CpG Island Methylator Phenotype), MSI (Micro Satellite Instability), BRAF- and KRAS-mutations. These are categorical variables and consequently the clustering method used is PAM (Partitioning Around Medoids) which is particularly useful with data on diverse variable level. The final analysis results in four subgroups that are represented by different combinations of attributes on the aforementioned variables.

Coastal areas are popular for housing, both for permanent living and holiday houses. At the same time, thin sediments and small storage capacity in the bedrock makes the ground water resources limited. The limited ground water resources combined with too large withdrawals of ground water makes salt water intrusion a problem in many coastal areas. This study examine the risk of salt water intrusion in drinking water supplying wells on the Island Södra Finnö in S:t Anna archipelago, Östergötland, Sweden. A calculation of the relation between ground water recharge and withdrawal is obtained to analyze the ground water balance in the area.

The main objective of this study is to divide a number of colorectal cancer cases into subgroups based on their molecular features using cluster analysis. The data used is supplied by a research group at Pathology, the Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, and consists, after some preparation, of 455 observations which is a larger data set than many similar studies. The molecular variables that the clustering is based on are CIMP (CpG Island Methylator Phenotype), MSI (Micro Satellite Instability), BRAF- and KRAS-mutations. These are categorical variables and consequently the clustering method used is PAM (Partitioning Around Medoids) which is particularly useful with data on diverse variable level. The final analysis results in four subgroups that are represented by different combinations of attributes on the aforementioned variables.

On July 22nd 2011, there was a terrorist attack in Norway. First a bomb exploded in the Parliament House, in Oslo; and shortly after that a man shot 69 politically active young people at a camp on the Island Utöya. Throughout the weeks to follow, we could read about the victims' stories. They told of tears, fear and heroism. But who got to tell what? The purpose of this study was to see how the Swedish tabloids described the victims from a gender perspective.

Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att få en ökad förståelse för små destinationers destinationsmarknadsföring. Frågeställning: Hur kan en liten destination använda sig av samarbete och branding för att marknadsföra sig vid olika tidsskeden? Metod: Vi har valt en kvalitativ metod för den empiriska undersökningen. Det empiriska materialet har inhämtats från tre intervjuer. Vid intervjuerna har vi använt oss av en semi-strukturerad intervjuguide.

The ferry traffic to Gotland is essential for the Island?s ability to live and develop. Yearly, it transports 1,6 million passengers, 500 000 personal vehicles and 750 000 lane meters of freight with four Ro-Pax ferries. The traffic is controlled and subsidized by the Swedish government since 1971 in order to guarantee the inhabitants and industry of Gotland a satisfactory transportation service. As a consequence of the past decades increased traffic quality, mainly due to a decrease in crossing times, the traffic?s environmental impact and costs has also increased.The Master Thesis proposes a new energy efficient traffic arrangement that satisfies the users? preferences in the same extent as today.

Orust Kretsloppsakademi is a nonprofit organisation, with a goal of annually generate the same amount of electrical energy that is consumed. Orust is an Island on the west coast of Sweden, north of Gothenburg. The population of 15 000 reaches 40 000 during summer, due to the large amount of vacationer. The total electricity demand is 174 GWh a year with a maximum power need of 32 MW. This report presents an analysis for the plausibility of their plan and from a power system stability perspective, the effects on the electrical grid.The conclusion is that the restraints for development of power generation from wind, solar and wave generation, are the power systems capability to transfer power, primarily in the transformers of the grid.

Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka samspelet mellan karaktärer och varumärken i framtidsfilmerna: 2001: A Space Odyssey, Back to the Future Part 2, The Fifth Element, I, Robot och The Island. I förgrunden för vårt arbete finns ett samhälle där individen ställs inför ett ökat utbud av varumärken, samtidigt som företagens utmärkande unika identitet blir allt viktigare för att fånga konsumenternas intresse. Denna identitet, som företag bygger upp exempelvis genom produktplacering i film, utgörs framförallt av framträdande karaktärer som agerar och tillsammans med filmen ger produkten liv.Studien har genomförts med hjälp av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys, där det empiriska materialet har införskaffats genom ett strukturerat protokoll som behandlar våra valda filmers produktplaceringsförekomster. Detta protokoll, bestående av de centrala benämningarna aktiv- och passivprodukt, har drivit oss vidare till ett resultat för vår studie.Resultatet har i analysen utkristalliserat och tydliggjort påträffandet av fem karaktäristiska mönster som beskriver varumärkenas roll och funktion i våra fem valda filmer. Samtliga mönster har underbyggts av vår använda teori om kulturellt meningsförmedlande av Grant McCracken och har påvisat att det sker ett meningsutbyte mellan film, karaktär och varumärke..

Ett barn som blir utsatt för övergrepp står inför flera utmaningar. För det första är det vanligt att barnet inte berättar för någon om det som hänt och på så sätt försvåras barnets bearbetning av övergreppet. För det andra har en rättsprocess ofta en mer eller mindre retraumatiserande verkan på barnet. När flera olika myndigheter, med inbördes skilda ansvarsområden och prioriteringar kopplas in på ett och samma fall är det inte ovanligt att barnet kommer i kläm. Barn har inte samma rättssäkerhet som vuxna då de står i mentalt underläge i alla situationer.

Rapporten beskriver två komplementära studier (Isozymstudie för två enzymsystem, pgm och gpi, samt en studie av grobarhet) av Fjällkvanne, Angelica archangelica ssp. archangelica, med frön insamlade på Färöarna under september 2000. Insamlingen utfördes från 19 populationer och från 2<N<27 individer. Isozymstudien, N=55, 15 pop., visade på två alleler för båda enzymsystemen. De båda enzymsystemen föreföll även vara kopplade då frekvenserna för pgm-2 och gpi-1 tydligt följdes åt.

In this study bone material from six stone ship settings and a total of seven deposits of bones from two sites on the Island of Gotland have been analyzed. Four ship settings from the burial site at Gålrum in Alskog parish and two from Tängelgårda in Lärbro parish. The ships contained both cremated remains and inhumations.  Human remains were identified in five of the analyzed ship settings and a minimum of six individuals was identified in total.  Animals were found in three of the ship settings, where one of them contained only the burned remains of a dog. Two of the ships contained inhumations, one in Gålrum and one in Tängelgårda.

This paper deals with diet and gender in the early roman iron age in Sweden. Human bone and tooth material from the Iron Age cemetery at Bjärby in Kastlösa parish on the Island of Öland have been analysed for stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. 21 individuals were sampled. Where possible 4 samples were taken from each individual, from the first, second and third molar respectively and from one compact bone. By doing so it is possible, at least in theory, to trace intra-individual diets throughout life.

Finnhamn is a small group of Islands in the Stockholm archipelago. At Stora Jolpan, the biggest Island, there is a hostel. The main building was built in 1915 and is called Utsikten. The purpose of this project is to on behalf of the Archipelago Foundation (Skärgårdsstiftelsen) find alternative systems that can replace the existing heating system of Utsikten (an oil-fired boiler and electricity heaters) to a system with renewable energy. The alternative system that this project focuses on is a system of solar collectors combined with a wood chip boiler.

The aim of this thesis is to examine Sven Almqvist?s research on the 17th century book printer Johann Kankel who was employed by count Per Brahe the younger on the Island of Visingsö. A model to describe the communications circuit, constructed by book historians Thomas R. Adams and Nicolas Barker are used as well as the historical source criticism method. This model consists of the five phases: publication, manufacture, distribution, reception and survival.

The last decades the populations of wild boar (Sus scrofa) has increased rapidly over the species? entire European range, including Sweden. This is followed by increasing human-wildlife conflicts as a result of the wild boar foraging behavior, causing damage to agricultural crop fields due to trampling and feeding. To be able to minimize damage we need more knowledge of where in the fields the risk of damage is high and what features in the landscape that affect this risk. I analyzed damage distribution in relation to the distance to six different landscape features; forest, road, ditch, building, game field and bait station, in the study area, the Island Mörkö in eastern central Sweden.