Real estate is defined as ground, which is divided into property. Ground means every part of the surface, which is situated within the country. There is no legal definition of property to be found. Property is usually explained as every unit, which legally should be registered in the register of landed properties. To constitute a property the property must permanently be suited for its purpose.

Moisture damage in kitchens is an area that many people believe to be irrelevant andnot a subject to concern, however the problems encountered might be larger thananticipated.The purpose of this essay is to get a view of how problematic moisture damagecurrently is as well as what can be done to prevent damage during the constructionand building of new housing.Statistics regarding moisture damage as well as several tools for damage preventionhave been studied and investigated. Industrial regulations have been reviewed tounderstand the requirements construction companies must legally follow during theconstruction and building of new kitchens. Home manufacturers and largerentrepreneurs have been contacted in order to get their point of view regarding theproblems with moisture damages in kitchens.The knowledge of moisture safe constructions is prevalent by home manufacturers,insurance companies and entrepreneurs. Despite this knowledge, the constructioncompanies predominately follow the industries regulations, which normally onlyimplement the minimum requirements.In order to get construction companies to design and build kitchens with increasedmoisture security, stricter industrial regulations might be needed to be implemented.Unlike bathrooms and laundry rooms, kitchens are not defined as a ?wet room? andthe regulations for the construction of kitchens are more lenient.It is difficult to detect water leaks in an early state and the moisture damage is usuallyextensive before it is discovered and repaired if the kitchen lacks moisture securedconstruction and water security.

The purpose of this project is to analyze earthing systems for houses. By practical measurements and theoretical analyzes consequences of possible faults, that can occur within the facility and in the low-voltage distribution network, is illustrated.  The reason for this project is that nowadays one has to arrange with a main equipotential bonding system for buildings. Apart from that, if necessary, bathrooms must be provided with a supplementary equipotential bonding system.The practical measurements verify that potential differences in facilities may be due to voltage drops in the PEN conductor between the origin of the electrical installation and the power transformer.Based on the theoretical analyzes of possible faults, it is considered that the requirement for  supplementary equipotential bonding systems for bathrooms in most cases can be questioned, when basic insulation, fault protection, residual current devise and main equipotential bonding system already provides an adequate level of protection.A PEN conductor loss may result in a situation where metallic parts attached to the equipotential bonding system starts working as earth electrodes. Equipotential bonding system may also increase the incidence of stray currents. If TN-C-S systems is provided with a local connection to earth a redundant system against PEN conductor loss is obtained.

Since Africa?s decolonization a number of foreign economic actors have begun toemerge in several African countries and they prove a vital role in many ways. China isone of the largest actor and they have a long history of political and economic ties withAfrica. China act primarily in Africa to meet their growing economy?s demand fornatural resources, and by providing aid and trade with development countries in Africathey get important natural resources like oil and iron ore in return.

During an excavation at Old Uppsala 571 raw garnets was found. In comparison with similar fragments from other sites in Sweden my aim was to prove a completely domestic production of garnets for cloisonné work. I have chosen to look at the archaeological sites of Old Uppsala, Valsta, Slöinge and Paviken and more closely at the material from Old Uppsala and Valsta. My theoretical framework has been to look at the garnets own agency in the contemporary society.Garnet cloisonné was a popular jewellery form during the Merovingian period on the continent although it came to an end in the early 7th century. It was during this time in Scandinavia a new sort of garnet, technique and paste was introduced and the garnet cloisonné was profoundly used for the gear of the elite and ritual objects.

The subject of this study has been organizational change within two Scandinavian green parties ? the Swedish Green Party and the Norwegian Green Party. Looking at the organizational changes within these two parties using Robert Michel?s famous concept the ?iron law of oligarchy?, I have studied whether these two parties have become more oligarchic after having been elected to the national parliaments of Sweden and Norway respectively. What I have found is that although these two parties still retain much of the original organizational structure that they have had, in particular the Swedish Green Party, change has occurred and seems to be occurring, at least in the Norwegian Green Party, which would indicate that the two parties have become more oligarchic.

Detta examensarbete har utförts på uppdrag av Johan Lundberg AB som har haft ett behov av att det tas fram en guide vid åtgärder av vattenledningar. Åtgärder kan innebära nyläggning, utbyte eller renovering av en vattenledning. Syftet med rapporten är att ta reda på om ett visst material eller metod kan användas till vattenledningar, få fram för- och nackdelar med dessa material och metoder, både för installationsfasen och för driftsfasen. Detta görs ur ett långsiktigt tekniskt, ekonomiskt och miljömässigt perspektiv. Rapporten innehåller en faktadel med tänkbara material och schaktfria metoder och sju stycken intervjuer med ledningsägare har genomförts och en sammanställning av dessa intervjuer presenteras i kapitel 5.3.

Dagvatten från vägar innehåller ofta tungmetaller. De vanligaste metallerna i vägdagvatten är bly, koppar, kadmium, nickel och zink. Dessa föroreningar utgör en belastning i recipienter som tar emot dagvattnet. I denna rapport har bly, koppar och zink reducerats från vägdagvatten genom filtrering i kolonner med amorf, granulerad masugnsslagg och sand. Masugnsslagg, som är en biprodukt från framställningen av järn, är en alkalisk produkt med goda sorptionsegenskaper vilket gör den lämplig att använda som filtermaterial för vatten förorenade med metaller.

Dagvatten från vägar innehåller ofta tungmetaller. De vanligaste metallerna i vägdagvatten är bly, koppar, kadmium, nickel och zink. Dessa föroreningar utgör en belastning i recipienter som tar emot dagvattnet. I denna rapport har bly, koppar och zink reducerats från vägdagvatten genom filtrering i kolonner med amorf, granulerad masugnsslagg och sand. Masugnsslagg, som är en biprodukt från framställningen av järn, är en alkalisk produkt med goda sorptionsegenskaper vilket gör den lämplig att använda som filtermaterial för vatten förorenade med metaller.

In Stockholm, Johanneshov the Slaughterhouse area (Slakthusområdet) can be found. A number of companies have gathered there providing the Stockholmers with meat products. This area has a great need for cooling to supply large cold storages. To facilitate this, a central cooling system has been built, supplying the area with effective and safe cooling.The aim of this master thesis study is to give hints to energy efficient and reliable changes that can be put in place at a low marginal cost depending on the future activities in the area. The suggested changes will be presented to the company Bravida (managing the system), which also desires a deeper understanding of the energy flows through the central cooling system.Firstly visiting the site with proper guidance, we have then tried to understand the function of the system including which machines and media that are used.

Mikael Svanberg skrev 2003 en doktorsavhandling där han beskriver en metod för att givet ett antal olika kandidatarkitekturer välja den som på bäst sätt uppfyller den blandning av kvalitativa krav som ställs på ett system. Denna rapport innehåller en fallstudie av Svanbergs metod applicerad på en webbapplikation beställd av GreenIT. Applikationen ska tillämpa en metod för mätning och relation av ansvarsfullt företagande med ett enkätformulär. Metoden bygger på principialkomponentsanalys (PCA) och är framtagen i ett examensarbete av Helen Josefsson 2009.Svanbergs metod, ?Architechture Evaluation and Selection Method?, appliceras på den beräkningstunga PCA-modulen i applikationen i syfte att utvärdera metoden med avseende på vilken kvalitet resultatet har, hur kostnadseffektiv den är samt när den lämpar sig bäst att användas.Tre stycken kandidatarkitekturer, Layers, Pipes and Filters och Blackboard, och fyra stycken kvalitetsattribut, Effektivitet, Pålitlighet, Underhållbarhet och Säkerhet, väljs ut och används som indata i metoden som bygger på Analytisk Hierarkisk Process (AHP).Metoden visar att Layers tillhandahåller den bästa blandningen av dessa kvalitetsattribut med stor säkerhet.

This survey deals with textile production and how it was carried out during the late Iron Age,with main focus on a central place, Uppåkra. A comparison has been carried out betweenUppåkra and two agrarian settlements, Fosie and V. Karaby, from the nearby landscape toinvestigate whether any variation in production can be detected. The value of textiles has alsobeen investigated to determine whether a potential specialization in production may have ledto a surplus.An analytical and comparative method has been used with focus on the context of thematerial.The results show that the textile production vary at the different sites, and that a need fordifferent types of textiles has existed. At Uppåkra, the possibility to produce fine threads andtextiles existed as demonstated by the findings of small and lightweighted spindle whorls.This suggests that the production may have included both fine and coarse textiles.

The idea of using algae in different areas and exploring its possibilities is nothing new. Already in the early 1950s microalgae was explored as a possible food resource because of its high protein content. Lately there has been an increased interest in its potential for industrial use. Wastewater treatment is a possible use of algae since the algae grow well on the nutrients present in the water. This offers the possibility to grow algae for nutrient reduction and use the biomass for energy or animal feed since many alga species has a good nutritional value. Approximately 800-1000 m3 water is applied per 1000 m2 of greenhouse area during one season in a tomato production.

After the fall of the Iron Curtain the European Union was challenged partly by an institutionalized organization of the union, as well as by a socio-psychology awareness concerning the meaning of the European Union. The increase in European integration has generated a political collaboration where national understandings in identities are constantly being exposed for reconstruction. This results in a collective European identity where states are united in diversity.National identities are created when boundaries are set up in a relation to other states. In these identity constructions there are thoughts and questions raised such as who we are and who we are not. Ukraine and the European Union has, during a long time, had diversified preconceptions concerning who has been the others.

In this project, we are studying the material flow and the information flow of sample materials and the appurtenant report of deviation for the purpose to be able to suggest better solutions. The sample material, which is to be analysed, is to be continuously taken from the production flow. The purpose is to navigate the process by the results found by the analysis. Because of this, it's very important that both methods of analysis are ensured and that the sample material is representative for the production flow. However, even more importantly, is that activities and transportations, combined with both flows, must perform in a quick and correct way in order to maintain or improve Höganäs AB's competitive strength.According to reports are about 20 products per day not available, for loading, at the time of delivery.