The real estate industry is a sector where the companies generally have a capital structure which is high leveraged. The financing? with the related terms ? is therefore specifically of high importance for the companies in the sector. Traditionally, the way of obtain financing is by borrowing from the bank. Lately, due to new bank regulations, the banks have become more restrictive in their lending which have lead to a growth of other financing alternatives.

The real estate industry is a sector where the companies generally have a capital structure which is high leveraged. The financing? with the related terms ? is therefore specifically of high importance for the companies in the sector. Traditionally, the way of obtain financing is by borrowing from the bank. Lately, due to new bank regulations, the banks have become more restrictive in their lending which have lead to a growth of other financing alternatives.

The real estate industry is a sector where the companies generally have a capital structure which is high leveraged. The financing? with the related terms ? is therefore specifically of high importance for the companies in the sector. Traditionally, the way of obtain financing is by borrowing from the bank. Lately, due to new bank regulations, the banks have become more restrictive in their lending which have lead to a growth of other financing alternatives.

The aim of this study is to investigate differences that exist in Estonia and Russia with regard to civil society, democracy and corruption and try to find out what can be possible causes to the vast differences in these two countries. Many political scientists claim that civil society plays a key role in democratic transitions. This paper takes its point of departure in 1991, when the Soviet Union collapsed and Estonia and Russia became independent. Since then Estonia has had a flourishing economy which attract many foreign investments, with Sweden as the greatest Investor. The country has also managed well to adjust quickly from totalitarianism to democracy.

Many studies have shown that unethical acting can affect the share price of the company negatively. However, this is not always the case. The aim of this thesis is therefore to examine what it is that can cause the share price to be affected negatively by unethical acting exposed in media. This qualitative study is primarily based on interviews with institutional Investors, but also with economic journalists and Investor relations managers. Our conclusion is that there are three main reasons why the share price can be affected by unethical acting, namely economic consequences, the management's behaviour and psychological factors.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om det föreligger ett informationsgap mellan företag och analytiker gällande företagets informationsflöde. Vi ämnar även skapa en bild av hur tre svenska företag kommunicerar med analytiker som följer något av bolagen och utifrån detta lämna förslag på hur företag kan förbättra sitt informationsutlämnande gentemot analytiker. Vi har gjort en kvalitativ undersökning som bygger på en deduktiv ansats med induktiva inslag. Vår litteraturgenomgång behandlar IR-arbetets funktion, företagens informations-utgivning, samt finansanalytiker och deras arbete. Vi redogör även för den reglering som sätter ramarna för företagens informationsutlämnande.

This bachelor thesis describes why Investors should invest in environmentally certified buildings instead of non certified buildings. The report provides an overview of possible factors influencing an Investor in the investment process of an environmentally certified building. The report explains why building companies find incentive to build green buildings and how a cash flow method can be adapted so it can be used in the valuation process of an environmentally certified building. Environmentally certified buildings are used as a strategy to reduce emissions that threaten the environment as well as a strategy to obtain market shares for the building companies. This report focuses on the economic advantages of an environmentally certified building.The construction- and real estate industry stands for approximately 40 percent of the energy consumption in the world.

The long-term external financing of a corporation is satisfied through the bond market where issues of index-linked bonds, which are discussed in this thesis, is one alternative. (Finnerty&Emery 2001) An index- linked bond is a debt instrument where the Investor is guaranteed the principal and premium amount in real terms. As the bonds cash flows are indexed to the inflation this implies that the issuer of an index-linked bond assumes an inflation risk. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to describe and examine corporate motives for choosing index-linked bonds as way of financing their business. Realization: Primary data was collected through interviews with corporate issuers of non-swapped index-linked bonds.

The real estate industry is a sector where the companies generally have a capital structure which is high leveraged. The financing? with the related terms ? is therefore specifically of high importance for the companies in the sector. Traditionally, the way of obtain financing is by borrowing from the bank. Lately, due to new bank regulations, the banks have become more restrictive in their lending which have lead to a growth of other financing alternatives.

Bakgrund: Bolagsstyrning innefattar både ägande och effektiv styrning av företag. I detta sammanhang spelar bolagsstyrelser och deras sammansättning en stor roll, då de är ansvariga för att besluta om företagens mål och strategier samt hur dessa skall uppnås. Styrelsens sammansättning är ett mycket väldebatterat och aktuellt ämne i näringslivet, men företeelsen gemensamma styrelseledamöter, det vill säga att företag har samma styrelseledamot, har inte fått särskilt mycket uppmärksamhet, varför vi har fördjupat oss inom det området. Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att studera förekomsten av gemensamma styrelseledamöter hos storföretag på Stockholmsbörsen. Vidare syftar studien till att ge möjliga orsaker till att företag har gemensamma styrelseledamöter.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om det föreligger ett informationsgap mellan företag och analytiker gällande företagets informationsflöde. Vi ämnar även skapa en bild av hur tre svenska företag kommunicerar med analytiker som följer något av bolagen och utifrån detta lämna förslag på hur företag kan förbättra sitt informationsutlämnande gentemot analytiker. Vi har gjort en kvalitativ undersökning som bygger på en deduktiv ansats med induktiva inslag. Vår litteraturgenomgång behandlar IR-arbetets funktion, företagens informations-utgivning, samt finansanalytiker och deras arbete. Vi redogör även för den reglering som sätter ramarna för företagens informationsutlämnande.

The real estate industry is a sector where the companies generally have a capital structure which is high leveraged. The financing? with the related terms ? is therefore specifically of high importance for the companies in the sector. Traditionally, the way of obtain financing is by borrowing from the bank. Lately, due to new bank regulations, the banks have become more restrictive in their lending which have lead to a growth of other financing alternatives.

Photovoltaic Systems in Sweden has longbeen heavily dependent on subsidies and grants to bring in a profit for the Investor. Production of excess electricity is a major reason for this as the compensation for excess electricity today is low. However, there are businesses that have an electricityneed that are particularly suitable for solar electricity. These businesses have an electricity demand when the sun shines the brightest and if the Photovoltaic System is properly scaled, the excess electricity can be minimized. A golf club is that kind of a business and this thesis aims to examinate the solar power potential for golf businesses in Sweden.Nine golf clubs was selected from different locations in Sweden.

In the future the Swedish pension system will face major problems. With an increasing aging population combined with a decreasing share of working population the financing of the pension system is becoming a bigger problem than previously predicted. This means the individual himself will have a bigger responsibility to invest money for their future retirement. It has been shown that a large proportion of the people who invests for their future pension have neither the interest nor the time to actively invest their pension capital. To make it easier for those who invest for their retirement, some Swedish banks have created so-called generation funds.

The debate on the future of Nuclear power in Sweden has increased with the discussion on global warming. The uncertainty of fossil fuel- and carbonprices the latest years has aroused considerable interest in Nuclear from power companies, industry and politicians. Nuclear power plants have negligible CO2 emissions and are not directly affected by increased price of emission rights and fossil fuels. The future power production needs to reduce its emissions of greenhouse gases to become sustainable. The purpose of this study is to examine the value for power producers to have the option to invest in Nuclear power and how a Nuclear power venture would affect future electricity prices. The study uses two methods, a traditional cash flow model and real option analysis, to estimate the value of Nuclear power.