Syftet med denna uppsats var att fastställa om och hur arbetsuppgifternas komplexitetsgrad påverkar vad de anställda motiveras utav. Vidare undersöktes vilka preferenser de anställda med arbetsuppgifter av olika komplexitetsgrad hade gällande icke-monetära belöningar. Det studerades även till vilken grad cheferna var medvetna om deras anställdas preferenser. Utifrån det teoretiska perspektivet ska de anställda med komplexa arbetsuppgifter motiveras utav inre faktorer såsom beröm, utveckling och ökad självständighet. Anställda med icke-komplexa arbetsuppgifter ska då påverkas utav yttre faktorer som lön och spontana materiella belöningar.

Parenting and parental leave in a career context is a highly topical subject in which discussions about gender equality and corporate discrimination against parents occur daily. Media has recently raised the theory of parenting and parental leave as having positive impacts on personal development, such as creativity enhancement, which may promote the individual's work performance. Despite the subject's significant value for society and organizations, no scientific research is to be found. This paper examines how an individual's creativity at work is affected when becoming a parent and if parental leave has any contributory effect. Furthermore, the paper identifies and scrutinizes four creativity theories that may help explain these changes in creativity.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att identifiera, beskriva ochanalysera den kunskapsöverföring som sker mellan anställda(lärare och ledning) som jobbar på grundnivå på ettuniversitet. Vi vill som resultat ha bidragit till diskussioneninom detta forskningsområde genom att ha ökat förståelsenför universitet som objekt för Knowledge Management. Uppsatsen gör en kvalitativ ansats med semi-struktureradeintervjuer för empiriinsamlingen. Materialet analyserassedan kritiskt med teoriramverket i bakhuvudet ochintressanta vinklingar och existerande heterogenitet lyftsfram. Ett tydligt och särskiljande drag på institutionen var att ledningen inte uppfattades ha den roll som man finner i fleraandra organisationer.

The subject-matter of the following essay is to investigate the relationship between what is commonly called Deep Ecology or Biocentric Philosophy, as articulated by the co-founder of the Deep Ecology Movement, Arne Naess, and later proponents of the biocentric school of environmentalist thought. I contrast Naess? concept of Self-realization as founded in his Ecosophy T to the ideas of american conservationist and co-founder of the radical green movement Earth First! Dave Foreman, and to the controversial finnish environmentalist and ecofascist Pentti Linkola?s ideological agenda of population-reduction respectively.According to some critics of the movement, especially the social ecologist Murray Bookchin and French liberal philosopher Luc Ferry, the Deep Ecology ideology is essentially misanthropic and totalitarian in structure. A central idea among deep ecologists is that ecosystems and natural entities have Intrinsic value in themselves, even outside a human social context. This idea is thought of among deep ecologists to create a philosophically sound basis for counteracting the environmental global crisis.

When we started this study we quickly saw that almost all the previous research that we find was focused and concentrated on the fact that the employees should be motivated. The research also presents a top-down perspective which means from the head to the employee. A Swedish newspaper wrote in an article that 1/3 of all Swedish heads can?t motivate their employers. A Swedish internet platform discusses this and says that heads need to be motivated to be able to motivate people around himself.

I vårt arbete har vi analyserat vilka variabler som är mer eller mindre stressande i yrket som fastighetsmäklare. De variabler vi valt att undersöka är faktorer inneboende i arbetet, roll i organisationen, karriärutveckling, relationer på arbetet, organisationsstruktur och klimat samt utomorganisatoriska källor till stress. Sammanlagt medverkade 426 fastighetsmäklare från 8 olika fastighetsmäklarföretag i en enkätundersökning. Resultaten har sedan analyserats med hjälp av ett flertal olika statistiska analyser. Resultatet från undersökningen innebär en revision av de tidigare sex variablerna till fyra nya: organisationsklimat, ansvar, tid och händelser i livet.

Digital games are today avaliable on all kinds of different platform. Games and game thinking is also increasingly being applied within non-traditional contexts. This thesis explores the term "gamifiation" which can be defined as "the use of game design elements in non-game contexts". The purpose of the study was to identify and give perspective on the discourse surrounding the use and applicability of the term today. More specifically, it explores the possibilities of the potentially value creating ability in the context of work, and focused on the application of gamified software in the context of project work.

Genom att studera ledares motivation och tillfredsställelse i relation till motivationsteorin Self-Determination Theory (SDT) söktes stöd för undersökningens syfte och frågeställningar: hur respektive kön i ledarpositioner motiveras på arbetsplatsen i förhållande SDT ? om de är självbestämmande eller kontrollerade samt om det finns en relation mellan motivation och tillfredsställelse. Frågeformulär besvarades av 48 män och 93 kvinnor i olika ledarpositioner. Data analyserades i form av t-tester, ett Chi-Square-test, kategoriseringar samt ett beräknande av Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale. Resultatet visade att den inre liksom den mest självbestämmande och minst kontrollerade motivationstypen motiverade mest utifrån självbestämmande profiler samt att det finns en relation mellan upplevelsen av motivation och tillfredsställelse.

This master?s thesis attends to a debate in the Swedish daily press concerning the public library which arose after the Swedish Moderate Party?s publication of their cultural political document Kulturen 2.0. This document contains a number of standpoints, of which three directly concern the public library: charges on book loans, libraries on contract and politically balanced purchase policy. In all, 28 articles are examined by means of an idea and ideological analysis. The purpose is to find out what is behind the conflicts surrounding attitudes about the public library's mission and activity in an era of needs for change.

This essay examines the environmental ideological direction of the Swedish parliamentary parties through the private members motions directed to the committee of industry and trade and the committee of environment and agriculture during the governmental time from 2002 to 2006.The environmental ideologies explained is anthropocentrism, ecocentrism and biocentrism. Based on the ideas of these three ideologies main points the private members motions directed to the committee of industry and trade and the committee of environment and agriculture, also matching the search words environment and energy, was compared and analysed.What has emerged is that all parliamentary parties express a desire to create an energy production and producing guide lines which are stringent environmentally and matches the safety requirements. Although the approach to environmental and safety standards differ significantly between them. Basically all Swedish parliamentary parties are more or less anthropocentric in its arguments, which in short terms means that they estimate natures and animals value through their usability for humans or based on their contribution to human feelings of wellbeing.The Centre Party and the Green Party shows hints of weak ecocentrism because in many cases they put animal Intrinsic value high, but the human value higher. Moderates are predominantly anthropocentric but they also express some hint of biocentrism in one statement concerning research in order to reduce and rebuild environmentally destroyed areas.

Abstract Project as a method was defined in the American defense industry in the 1950´s and has since then developed to encompass many different areas such as industrial management, administration, research and development and IT etc. In the cultural sector project is a common way of organizing work and within theatre, which is the focus of this study, one can claim that project as a form of work has been used for hundreds of years, if not by definition.Theatre is generally assumed to be an form of art representing creativity and innovation, highly demanding from an individual perspective relative to the project result, i.e. the final performance. Time pressure, fierce competition, limited resources and responsibility to deliver on time with high quality are natural conditions given.The aim of the study is to find out what circumstances and conditions affect and have a clear impact on motivation and creativity in those working professionally within theatre.This study is based upon qualitative interviews with a limited number of employees with different occupations, within a major publicly-funded Swedish theatre institution.Contemporary research indicates both Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation as essential for how we experience and commit ourselves to our work, either as two separate forces but also as they interact.Extensive studies further state our individual experience from work, the conditions provided by the organization and social environment as crucial to our work performance. A positive experience from these factors enhance our motivation and creativity.The results of this study show theatre to be an activity supported by strong visions and clear goals where challenge and creativity are essential and where it´s members show strong commitment to the task whether they are beside or on the stage..

The subject-matter of the following essay is to investigate the relationship between what is commonly called Deep Ecology or Biocentric Philosophy, as articulated by the co-founder of the Deep Ecology Movement, Arne Naess, and later proponents of the biocentric school of environmentalist thought. I contrast Naess? concept of Self-realization as founded in his Ecosophy T to the ideas of american conservationist and co-founder of the radical green movement Earth First! Dave Foreman, and to the controversial finnish environmentalist and ecofascist Pentti Linkola?s ideological agenda of population-reduction respectively.According to some critics of the movement, especially the social ecologist Murray Bookchin and French liberal philosopher Luc Ferry, the Deep Ecology ideology is essentially misanthropic and totalitarian in structure. A central idea among deep ecologists is that ecosystems and natural entities have Intrinsic value in themselves, even outside a human social context. This idea is thought of among deep ecologists to create a philosophically sound basis for counteracting the environmental global crisis.

The teaching of modern foreign languages within Swedish educational system has been a subject of a number of alarming reports in recent years. Several studies have shown that students lack motivation to learn any language but English. Of particular concern is the young males? underachieving and disinterest in foreign languages. In the meantime, a number of international studies and the statistical data from Swedish national agencies of secondary and higher education (Skolverket and Högskoleverket) have indicated that Russian is one of the languages that are favoured by males. The primary goal of my case study was, therefore, to examine students? motivation to learn Russian and their attitudes towards language, community and Russian-speaking people.

The teaching of modern foreign languages within Swedish educational system has been a subject of a number of alarming reports in recent years. Several studies have shown that students lack motivation to learn any language but English. Of particular concern is the young males? underachieving and disinterest in foreign languages. In the meantime, a number of international studies and the statistical data from Swedish national agencies of secondary and higher education (Skolverket and Högskoleverket) have indicated that Russian is one of the languages that are favoured by males. The primary goal of my case study was, therefore, to examine students? motivation to learn Russian and their attitudes towards language, community and Russian-speaking people.

The teaching of modern foreign languages within Swedish educational system has been a subject of a number of alarming reports in recent years. Several studies have shown that students lack motivation to learn any language but English. Of particular concern is the young males? underachieving and disinterest in foreign languages. In the meantime, a number of international studies and the statistical data from Swedish national agencies of secondary and higher education (Skolverket and Högskoleverket) have indicated that Russian is one of the languages that are favoured by males. The primary goal of my case study was, therefore, to examine students? motivation to learn Russian and their attitudes towards language, community and Russian-speaking people.