The river Bivaröd is one of the river Helgeån tributaries which has the highest and the fastest increase in water colour. The reason behind this increase is unclear but several factors have been suggested to affect this pattern. In this work, I studied the role of land use, iron and precipitation for water colour increase in river Bivaröd for the period 1976 -2011. Data from a field study along with data from SRK for river Helgeån were used for the analyses. The results showed that both water colour and iron concentration increase and that there is a strong correlation between these two variables.

Bedömning av smärta hos icke kommunicerbara patienter är en utmaning för intensivvårdssjuksköterskan. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur sjuksköterskor uppger att de bedömer smärta hos denna patientgrupp. En deskriptiv och jämförande tvärsnittsstudie gjordes med hjälp av en webbaserad enkät. Enkäten distribuerades till alla kliniskt verksamma intensivvårdssjuksköterskor (n=96, svarsfrekvens 75%) på två intensivvårdsavdelningar på Akademiska sjukhuset i Uppsala.De smärtparametrar som sjuksköterskorna ansåg viktigast var pulsstegring, blodtrycksstegring och mimik/ansiktsuttryck. Påbyggnadsutbildning eller uppdrag inom smärtområdet hade ingen signifikant betydelse för vilka smärtparametrar sjuksköterskorna uppgav som viktigast.

This thesis analyses how a radiology department at the largest hospital in Sweden, Karolinska University Hospital, most profitably could expand its capacity for investigating cancer patients using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The queues today for patients waiting to be scanned are long, which delays the start of cancer treatments. Meanwhile the hospital has a budget deficit of half a billion SEK, which make any expansion hard. In this thesis we evaluate the alternatives of investing in new machinery; utilize the current machinery better by using them more days annually or through a shift work system. Finally we evaluate a combination of these.

For systems with multicore processors contention for shared resources is a problem that occurs when several memory-intensive processes are executed in parallel within the same memory domain. This contention has a direct influence on the performance of the system and is a complex problem that has been recognized for a long time. An attractive and actively studied way to minimize this problem is by using a process scheduler adapted to allocate processor cores in a way such that contention for shared resources is minimized.With the introduction of multicore NUMA-systems (Non-Uniform Memory Access) the situation has become even more complex. In these systems the access time for processor cores to different memory domains vary depending on factors such as distance and load. Thus, the process scheduler also has to consider where the memory of each process is placed to minimize the distance and balance the load on each memory domain.This report presents a user-level process scheduler for a NUMA-system based on the multicore processor Tilera TILEPro64.

The goal of this qualitative essay is to approach the knowledge of people who commit crimes. From a development psychology point of view, questions relating to childhood ang growth are some of the important subjects we choose to discuss. Our purpose is also to reveal the linkage between criminal behavior and different theories of the above mentioned perspective. To bridge the gap between the general and the individual, our survey was based on profound interviews with four inmates in prison. This offer an opportunity to capture the individual´s inner thoughts, feelings and experience about the criminal action.

The use of a bit in the mouth of a horse is being increasingly questioned with respect to its actual function, and is sometimes judged an obsolete instrument of control with potential to injure the horse. The objective of the research presented herein was twofold; firstly, to investigate the actual pressure load in the mouth of the horse with regard to oral health issues, and, secondly, to investigate whether this could be a viable method to objectively measure strength exerted by a rider/driver to the mouth of the horse especially with regard to training regimes. From the results, it is evident that these newly developed sensors have a future in equine research, although they are still under development. They can be useful both as a pedagogic teaching instrument, providing instructor and pupil with instantaneous, objective feedback on the contact between hand and mouth, as well as an aid in measuring pressure loads from our common bits. .

Bakgrund: Patienter som vårdas inom intensivvården befinner sig ofta i en situation som präglas av snabba fysiologiska förändringar där patientens vitala funktioner kontinuerligt måste övervakas och registreras. I intensivvårdens komplexa miljö utgör dokumentationen en viktig del för att upprätthålla en hög patientsäkerhet. Syfte: Att undersöka intensivvårdssjuksköterskors uppfattning om dokumentation. Metod: En empirisk deskriptiv studie har genomförts. Fokusgruppintervjuer användes för att inhämta data.

This essay describes and compares the extensive reindeer management to the more intensive, but grazing based, sheep management system in Sweden. Differences and similarities between the two production systems will be investigated by elucidating the economy, land use and possibilities to influence production and economy through breeding, feeding and product development. The reindeer management area covers the northern part of Sweden whilst the sheep management is dispersed over the country. Both reindeer and sheep are ruminants and have relatively high demands on the quality and digestibility of the feed however reindeers graze on mountain-and forest lands whilst sheep often graze inaccessible areas or cultivated grasslands. Selection intensity is generally lower in the reindeer management compared to the intensity in sheep breeding.

Abstract (in English)The purpose of this work is to find out what the driving instructor who currently works as a transport teachers feel about today´s driving education to transport high school to how it works at driving school. I describe in the study on how to become a transport teachers and on their everyday work. Even what others have written on this topic on driver training. I also interviewed four driving instructor who currently works as a transport teacher, about what they had for opinions on this issue. The method I have used myself of where unstructured questions to get so descriptive answers to questions as possible.

The combat mission is an extreme situation with high demands of the soldier. Killing might very well be necessary. Before a mission a soldier can experience stress due to these factors. The purpose of this paper is to find methods to handle stress due to an upcoming combat mission and to the prospect of having to kill. The main questions of this essay: -How can certain parts of the physiological psychology improve a soldiers ability to perform a mission? ? Is the Swedish soldier mentally prepared to kill? The theory for this essay has been described using litteratur by experts within the field, and the results thereafter discussed.

AbstractThe ability to read and write is a very important skill in today?s information based society. Most of us learn how to read and write, but not everyone is blessed to do this without struggle. Dyslexia is a very common learning disability and therefore I found it interesting to study how teachers teach students with dyslexia.By studying the literature and by interviewing teachers, I found that dyslexia is a very complex disability. The teachers have to adapt their way of teaching in a way that a student with dyslexia can participate.

Electromyography (EMG) is a technique that measures muscle activity, whichmeans detecting the electrical signals that travel through the muscle in connectionwith muscle contraction. This project deals with how EMG can be used tocontrol a computer game.The project is centered around the game 'EMG Track Game' which has beenconstructed as part of this work. 'EMG Track Game' is controlled by twoelectrodes fastened on the player. These are attached to two selected musclesand control the motion in one direction each, one up and the other one down.The game is constructed in the purpose of being used in several elds of application.Among these are as entertainment, training equipment and a tool inresearch related to EMG and muscles.To highlight a possible application a study concerning muscle control has beenconducted. It answers the question of whether players score better with theirdominant arm in comparison with their non-dominant one.

I vår utbildning till lärare inom vård, hälsa och omsorg mötte vi i vår verksamhetsförlagda utbildning många elever med muslimsk bakgrund. En troende muslim bör fasta en månad varje år vilket innebar att dessa elever inte kunde äta eller dricka när de gick i skolan. Vi undrade hur de upplevde det. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva några muslimska kvinnors upplevelser av att studera på omvårdnadsprogrammet under fastemånaden ramadan. Som undersökningsmetod användes en allmän kvalitativ ansats och vi valde att göra halvstrukturerade intervjuer med sex kvinnor för att samla in vårt material.

The main purpose of this study was to determine the self-estimated levels of knowledge about doping for a group of strength training young adults, and also to get an idea of their attitudes regarding the subject. A part of the purpose was also to investigate the potential associations between knowledge and attitude. Method: To collect information a questionnaire was constructed that was inspired by a similar study and in consultation with the tutor. Questions regarding background, doping and training experiences together with self-esteemed attitudes and knowledge about doping were included. Questionnaires were handed out at gym facilities in central Sweden, and were answered by men and women ages 18 to 35 years.

This is a descriptive paper based on a questionnaire- and literature study regarding how dogs are trained, what type and frequency of injuries that occur as well as how the dogs are best prepared for work. Using the results from the questionnaire, an overview is given on how members of Working dog clubs train their dogs and what kind of injuries that occur most frequently. The average age among the dogs included in the study was only about three years. This could indicate that older dogs are not trained in the same extent as young dogs. The results show that only a third of the dog owners warmed up their dogs before training.