The purpose of this study has been to describe and analyze how former foster children experienced foster care which have been filled with maltreatment and neglect and how this has influenced their adult life when it comes to health, education and relationships. We also wanted to study how the former foster children coped with their placement. Furthermore we wanted to study whether there has been any turningpoints during their growth. Finally we wanted to describe how the former foster children experienced the authorities control. To make the purpose of this study complete we chose to use qualitative interviews with six former foster children as our research method.

In our paper we chose to study care management in the old age care. According to the law for the social services the needs of elderly should govern the assistance they are granted. But research has shown that municipal guidelines govern the assistance and that the elderly have to adjust their needs to them. Thus there is a discrepancy between law and practice. The aim of this study was to understand how care managers relate to municipal guidelines, laws and the requests of elderly when the application for assistance is established.

Background:The concept of transition means a change in a person's life where he or she is forced to adapt. There are different phases in life that results in different adaptations. In this essay, transition is described as the physical and mental journey between the home and an elder care facility. The Aim was to describe elderly people's experiences of transition when moving from their previous home into an elder care facility. The Method used was a literature review.

Heart failure is the most common reason to hospitalization among persons over 65 years old. Self-care is an important part in the treatment of heart failure, but poor information and knowledge limits the ability of self-care and increases the risk of admission to hospital.The aim of the study was to investigate what information patients with heart failure describes that they receive from health care personal, how information is perceived, who provides the information, and on what occasions it is given. The aim was also to investigate whether patients' perception of knowledge about heart failure increased after hospitalization.The study is cross-sectional study with a descriptive design. A consecutive selection was used. A questionnaire was filled in by 28 participants.The study has shown that patients with heart failure largely experience information about heart failure inadequate.

En intensivvårdssjuksköterska kommer i sin yrkesutövning ofta att möta närstående till svårt sjuka patienter. Tidigare studier har påvisat närståendes betydelse inom intensivvården och hur komplicerat samspelet med närstående kan vara, under de speciella omständigheter som råder på en intensivvårdsavdelning. Syftet med denna studie var att belysa intensivvårdssjuksköterskans erfarenheter av aspekter som bidrar till att främja ett gott samspel med patientens närstående. En kvalitativ ansats har använts i studien. Datainsamling utfördes via halvstrukturerade intervjuer, styrda av en intervjuguide.

Objective: The objective was to examine the incidence of constipation, and the preventive measures taken in relation with postoperative pain treatment with opioids at two orthopaedic surgery wards.Methods: The participants were patients that had undergone surgery in the back, hip or thigh. They were selected through systematic selection and a total of 46 electronic health records were examined. The factors investigated and tested for correlation with constipation were the usage of laxatives, daily fluid-intake and early mobilisation.Results: Totally, 26.1 % of the patients became constipated, and laxatives were prescribed to 65.2 % of the patients. Doctors prescribed 53.3 % of the laxatives, nurses 33.3 % and for the remaining 13.3 % it was uncertain who had written the prescription. Usage of laxatives seemed to cause constipation (p=0,025), whereas there was no correlation between constipation and early mobilization.

Bakgrund: Intensivvårdsavdelningar, IVA, karaktäriseras av en hög nivå av arbetsrelaterad stress. Intensivvårdssjuksköterskan förväntas utföra flera helt olika uppgifter samtidigt, till exempel att intensivövervaka en patient och parallellt bemöta känslomässiga reaktioner i samband med sjukdom. En hög nivå av arbetsrelaterad stress kan ge negativa effekter på det psykiska och fysiska välbefinnandet.Syfte: Syftet är att undersöka vad intensivvårdssjuksköterskor i Sverige upplever som stressande i arbetet, hur de hanterar dessa stressorer samt hur de påverkar privatlivet.Metod: Studien kommer genomföras med en kvalitativ ansats i form av intervjuer. En pilotstudie om två intervjuer genomfördes och texten analyserades och kategoriserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys.Resultat: Tre teman framträdde ur texten: inte räcka till, söka en balans och svårt att koppla av. Kategorier under temat inte räcka till var: högt tempo på arbetsplatsen, ensamhet när kommunikation och samarbete brister samt att känna sig otillräcklig i arbetet.

Bakgrund: Astma är en folksjukdom som ökar kraftigt bland den svenska befolkningen. Sjukdomens svårighetsgrad kan påverka livskvalitet och arbetsförmågan.För att kunna hantera sjukdomen och minska besvären kan sjuksköterskan lära ut handlingar för egenvård. Syfte: Att belysa hur sjuksköterskor undervisar vuxna patienter med astma bronkiale. Metod: Litteraturstudien grundade sig på tidigare forskning och användes 10 vetenskapliga artiklar från Cinahl, PubMed och Psykinfodatabas. Artiklarna har varit både kvalitativa och kvantitativa.

Feline asthma is a condition very similar to the respiratory disease affecting humans. It is causing, among other things, a constriction of the bronchial airways, an increase of mucus production and damage to, or erosion of, the epithelial membrane. The symptoms occur intermittently and do, in most cases, evolve during a long period of time. The aim of this essay was to investigate whether there are any nursing routines for feline patients with asthma in animal clinics and animal hospitals in Sweden, and if so, to compare similarities and differences. A literary study of research material also led to a suggestion of how to form a nursing routine for this type of patient.

The purpose of this paper is to perform an in-depth analysis of how New Public Management reforms have impacted management practises in two publicly financed elderly care providers in Sweden. The paper studies one public and one private elderly care provider and analyses to what extent they have implemented New Public Management methods. The results are based on interviews with several persons within the two organisations and analysed using the seven New Public Management doctrines as described by Christopher Hood (1991; 1995). The major finding in the thesis is that the level of exposure towards New Public Management reforms differs between the two studied organisations where the private provider is exposed to the reforms to a greater extent than the public. The paper concludes that the main reasons for the low extent of exposure in the public provider could be attributed to the lack of measurable standards performance as well as the proximity to the political leadership..

Law firms are defined as knowledge-intensive companies. Due to the dependency regarding the resource of knowledge among the firms employees and to the fact that they often are categorised as a type of professional service firm. The purpose of this study is to investigate the different types of profitsharingsystems as a form of reward with focus on the theoretical differences and effects of the True Partnershipmodel and the Stockholmmodel. In addition to these models we will look into the Human Resource processes of; recruiting, integration, retaining and development of employees. The main purpose of the study is to examine the theoretical level on how the profitsharingsystems effect different Human Resource processes and through the knowledge of these connections using this as an analogy when to analyse other law-firms and knowledge?intensive company?s.

SAMMANFATTNINGIntroduktion: Statistiska centrabyrån (SBC) prognostiserar en växande andel utlandsfödda bland Sveriges befolkning. Detta medför en ökad kulturell mångfald i det svenska samhället och därmed fler tvärkulturella möten inom vården. Denna studie sökte att utforska primärvårdssjuksköterskors upplevelser av möten med patienter från utomskandinaviska kulturer, vilka svårigheter de kan stöta på samt vilka aspekter de upplever som viktiga vid vårdandet av dessa patienter.Metod: En kvalitativ intervjustudie med deskriptiv design. Åtta primärvårdssjuksköterskor som arbetar på olika vårdcentraler i Stockholmsområdet och som har erfarenhet av kontakt med patienter från andra kulturer än den skandinaviska intervjuades med en semi-strukturerad intervjuguide. Innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim & Lundman användes för att analysera data.Resultat: Primärvårdssjuksköterskor upplever dessa möten som spännande, utmanande och lärorika.

This thesis investigates management accounting systems in a Swedish health care environment. Through a qualitative case study of an activity-based cost accounting system that was introduced in 1994 at S:t Görans Sjukhus, a large Stockholm hospital, the following questions are addressed: What benefits can an activity-based cost accounting system offer the Swedish health care providers? What are the potential problems impeding the implementation of such a system? Main findings: an activity-based cost accounting system can improve the understanding of where costs are generated in the production processes. Comparisons between alternative production processes are improved, and the data may serve as a basis for internal pricing measures. Concerning the second question, difficulty in reconciliating the principles of economic control with the culture present in a hospital is identified as the main obstacle to a new management accounting system..

Every second woman in Sweden suffers in their lifetime of fracture that is related to osteoporosis. Osteoporosis and fractures affect the person´s everyday life. The aim of the study was to describe experiences of feeling well among women with osteoporosis. Six women were interviewed with semi- structured interviews. The interviews were transcribed and the text was analyzed with thematic content analysis.

When the population is getting older, the need for complex care and nursing interventions in elderly care increases. To create a holistic view of the elder and their life situation, interprofessional team collaboration is often desirable and necessary. Teamwork is often described in positive terms, but previous research has shown that this work method is complicated and requires constant reflection and development. The purpose of this study was to investigate how elderly care teamwork is formed in the interaction between representatives of different professionals. To accomplish this purpose, we have studied how the team members define a well-functioning teamwork and difficulties, and how consensus is achieved in the team.