This study investigated the efficacy of a multicomponent cognitive?behavioral intervention of Insomnia, CBT-I, for patients suffering from an anxiety disorder and/or a major depressive episode together with comorbid Insomnia. In particular, the aim of the study was to evaluate whether anxiety and depressive symptoms declined as a function oftreatment for Insomnia. After rigorous diagnostic procedures, 8 patients were treated in a multiple baseline design. Patients experienced clinically significant reductions in Insomnia-, (57 %) depressive- (75 %) and anxiety symptoms (40 %).

There is strong evidence that cognitive-behavioural therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is effective. The aim of this study was to compare 7 group-sessions of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for Insomnia (MBCT-I) with 3 group-sessions of CBT-I, on sleep measures and sleep related psychological processes, such as pre-sleep arousal, thought control strategies and mindfulness. Participants (N = 44; age 18-66) with long term Insomnia were stratified and randomized into waiting list, MBCT-I and CBT-I. Significant improvements were seen in both groups, compared to waiting list, for instance on Insomnia severity, sleep latency and restorative sleep. Small improvements on psychological processes were also found in both groups.

Sömnproblem har stadigt ökat i befolkningen och är idag ett folkhälsoproblem. Kognitiv beteendeterapi (KBT) har visat sig vara en effektiv behandlingsform vid dessa problem. Syfte: Utvärdera en sömnskola, utformad enligt en modell med grund i KBT. Metod: 12 personer med Insomnia deltog i studien. Sömnskolan omfattade 6 grupptillfällen under 10 veckor.

Sömnproblem har stadigt ökat i befolkningen och är idag ett folkhälsoproblem. Kognitiv beteendeterapi (KBT) har visat sig vara en effektiv behandlingsform vid dessa problem. Syfte: Utvärdera en sömnskola, utformad enligt en modell med grund i KBT. Metod: 12 personer med Insomnia deltog i studien. Sömnskolan omfattade 6 grupptillfällen under 10 veckor.

Mental illness is today the leading cause of long-term sick leave and Insomnia, anxiety, depression and burnout are among the most common conditions. The aim of the study was to investigate the stability of these conditions and how this is influenced by gender and age, as well as the extent to which these states are risk factors for each other. The participants were a random sample (n = 2336) from the general population in the age of 18-79 years. The results showed that stable illness was more common among women than men, and that stable illness decreased with aging. The stability itself was not affected by gender or age. Relations between the conditions were bidirectional and they constitute major risk factors for each other (odds ratios, OK = 2.37 to 6.46). The largest risk factor for a condition is, however, previous occurrence of the same problem. Previous burnout was found to be a significantly larger risk factor for future burnout than previous Insomnia for future Insomnia (OK = 9.63 and 5.74, respectively). The results suggest that Insomnia, anxiety, depression and burnout, despite their differences, are similar regarding symptoms and underlying causes. The importance of early interventions to prevent comorbid conditions which are more complicated and more difficult to treat is emphasized..

Sömnen är ett grundläggande behov hos människan som bland annat ses ha en livsuppehållande och återhämtande funktion på kroppen och psyket. Sömnkvaliteten ändras med stigande ålder och sömnbesvär är vanligt förekommande bland äldre. Syftet med studien var att beskriva ickefarmakologiska behandlingsalternativ, och därmed relaterade effekter, som sjuksköterskan kan tillämpa mot Insomnia för äldre. Metoden var en litteraturstudie. Resultatet bygger på en analys av femton artiklar mellan 1990-2006 som sökts via databaserna CINAHL och Medline.

Aim: The aim was to investigate and describe, how students on high school level in Kronoberg county self rated their health with relation to irritation, nervousness/anxiety Insomnia and gender. An additional aim was to investigate if there are differences between students born in Sweden by Swedish parents, students born in Sweden by foreign-born parents and foreign-born students. Methods: A quantitative method was used to analyse data gathered from students (n=1936) on high school level in 2006. All statistical analyses were made with help of SPSS V-12. Finding: The findings showed that most of the students self rated their health as ?good?, however migrant students self rated their health as ?not so good? and they had more problems with Insomnia. The overall findings showed gender differences. Particularly, foreign-born girls self rated their health as ?not so good? and reported more problems with Insomnia. There was no divergence between the groups regarding irritation, nervousness/anxiety. Conclusion: School nurses and health workers must have deep knowledge about differences in gender, self- rated health and Insomnia when they work with public health.

Introduction: Sleep is necessary for human survival. Difficulty sleeping occurs in about one in four adult person in Sweden, Insomnia in every ten. There are several reasons for difficulty sleeping, where stress is one of the most common. The quality of life and health are affected negatively. Treatment with proven efficacy against Insomnia is not only sleep medication, but also cognitive behavioral therapy, CBT.

Introduction: Sleep is necessary for human survival. Difficulty sleeping occurs in about one in four adult person in Sweden, Insomnia in every ten. There are several reasons for difficulty sleeping, where stress is one of the most common. The quality of life and health are affected negatively. Treatment with proven efficacy against Insomnia is not only sleep medication, but also cognitive behavioral therapy, CBT.

This study examined the psychological processes of autonomic arousal and distress, erroneous beliefs about sleep, worry about sleep, selective attention and monitoring and safety behaviours related to sleep, on the subject of daytime impairments associated with Insomnia. The psychological processes were evaluated against as follows: sleep measures, anxiety, depression, medical disease and the use of medications. The measure daytime impairments complied with the established research diagnostic criteria. A correlation analysis indicated that psychological process, anxiety, depression and one of the sleep measures are associated with daytime impairments. The results of a multiple regression analysis proved that only erroneous beliefs about sleep, worry about sleep and safety behaviours related to sleep are linked to daytime impairments associated with Insomnia.

Sömnsvårigheter kan försämra upplevelsen av livskvalité och förekommer även tillsammans med många andra psykiatriska svårigheter. KBT vid primär insomni har visat sig vara en framgångsrik behandling, men majoriteten av de individer som söker hjälp blir endast erbjudna farmakologisk behandling. I syfte att skapa en mer lättillgänglig behandlingsform har en självhjälpsbehandling utarbetats och prövats ut på en liten grupp undersökningsdeltagare med sömnsvårigheter. Det har tidigare gjorts en svensk vetenskaplig studie av internetbehandling av kronisk insomni. Föreliggande studie har ett explorativt syfte, där behandlingen består av sömnrestriktion, stimuluskontroll, avslappning, tankestund och visualisering.

Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva omständigheter som påverkade sömnen hos äldre samt vilka icke-medicinska omvårdnadsåtgärder som kan göras för att lindra sömnproblem. Äldre i studien var personer över 60 år, men det var ingen åldersbegränsning i urvalet av studierna. För att besvara frågeställningarna genomfördes en litteratursökning i databaserna Medline (Pubmed), Academic search elite, Science Direct utifrån inkulsionkriterierna. Det var 12 empiriska studier som inkluderades och granskades. Resultatet visade att omsändigheter för sömproblem var att vara äldre och att lida av depression.

Insomnia is getting more prevalent with age, both because of natural changes in the sleep pattern and because of increased morbidity. It can cause dysfunctioning and sedation during the day. Therefore it is often treated with hypnotics. It is possible though that hypnotics can cause daytime sleepiness as well, not to mention increased risk of falling and fractures because of sedation and prolonged reaction time. Benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine related drugs, the subjects of this study, are commonly used as hypnotics.

Som allmänsjuksköterska är sannolikheten stor att man under sin tjänst kommer att träffa på patienter med Parkinsons sjukdom. En långvarig sjukdom som Parkinsons förknippas ofta med svårt handikapp. Progressivitet och en rad olika symtom påverkar i hög grad patientens livskvalitet. Syftet med studien är att belysa hur Parkinsons sjukdoms påverkar patienternas livskvalitet. Samt att belysa hur allmänsjuksköterskan kan hjälpa patienter med Parkinsons sjukdom att bibehålla livskvalitet.

Människors allmänna välbefinnande och livskvalitet påverkas av deras sömn.    Sömnproblemen ökar och resulterar i ökade kostnader för den enskilde, arbetsgivarna och samhället. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva effekter av sömnhygieniska åtgärder riktade till individer inom hälsovården med primär insomni. Resultatet visade att en kombination av åtgärder utifrån personliga behov gav bäst resultat men också att det rådde begreppsförvirring runt sömnhygieniska åtgärder och deras effektivitet. Fördjupad kunskap behövs vad det gäller de enskilda sömnhygieniska rådens effektivitet.