District heating covers around 80 % of the heating demand in apartment buildings and 10 % in single-family homes in Sweden. In the year 2010 the total input of energy to the Swedish district heating grids was about 70 TWh, which corresponds to 11 % of the total energy input to the whole energy system in the country. Through the combined production of heat and power the CHP-plants often reaches an efficiency of 90 % from energy in the fuel to produced heat and power. In order to keep the efficiency high it is important for the owners of the plant to have good knowledge about the plants performance at different operation points. Strängnäs Energi AB initiated this diploma work together with FVB Sverige ab in order to come up with a program for short term planning of the production of heat and power at the company´s CHP-plant.The work consists of three main parts.

This report is intended to give an insight in the Network Performance Assessment Modeland the parameters that is needed in the making of a fictitious grid that represents anoptimal grid. A main goal is to investigate how the construction of a real grid iscompared to the fictitious.One of the key parameters is how redundancy is treated in the model and to find theoptimal amount of redundancy versus the costs. Further is the dimensioning of the grid ofinterest. The fictitious grid is based on energy whereas the real grid often is based onsubscribed power and these two principles are compared and analyzed.The difference in the outcome of the model result due to variations in input data of themodel is also discussed in the report..

Abstract Title: Total Cost of Ownership ? Revealing the true cost of owning and operating equipment. Authors: Anna Bladh Anna Ström Tutors: Michaela Boye, Parts and Service, PTD, Alfa Laval Göran Berg, Parts and Service, PTD, Alfa LavalCharlotta Johnsson, Department of Automatic Control, LTH, Lund UniversityBertil I. Nilsson, Department of Industrial Management and Logistics, LTH, Lund UniversityCarl-Henric Nilsson, Department of Business Administration, Lund University Core issue: ?Which costs should be included in a general Total Cost of Ownership model regarding centrifuges, and what input variables are needed in order to calculate those costs in a user-friendly way and with a maintained level of accuracy?? Purpose: The theoretical purpose of the thesis is to identify the cost items that have the greatest impact on a TCO calculation for a centrifuge.

Society is characterized by patterns of behavior and interaction that is created and recreated inthe interplay between individuality/collectivity and freedom/constraint, thus represents avariety of social issues and social phenomena. One of these phenomena is social supportexchanges and social capital. In order to obtain views on how this might appear in a specificsociety and contribute to the knowledge about social support exchanges and social capital, thisstudy was done with seven families in a village in Nepal. The village and the families gave aview and an example of how it might look in a place where social support exchanges plays acrucial role in this way of living. Through observations and interviews I have tried to make thesocial support exchange areas and meanings visibile.

District heating covers around 80 % of the heating demand in apartment buildings and 10 % in single-family homes in Sweden. In the year 2010 the total input of energy to the Swedish district heating grids was about 70 TWh, which corresponds to 11 % of the total energy input to the whole energy system in the country. Through the combined production of heat and power the CHP-plants often reaches an efficiency of 90 % from energy in the fuel to produced heat and power. In order to keep the efficiency high it is important for the owners of the plant to have good knowledge about the plants performance at different operation points. Strängnäs Energi AB initiated this diploma work together with FVB Sverige ab in order to come up with a program for short term planning of the production of heat and power at the company´s CHP-plant.The work consists of three main parts.

Today, we can see that social navigation is embedded in different kinds of websites, but there is still little support for social navigation in the web browser. Our main concern has been how we construct a tool that fills this hole in the web browser. By letting the theory, the prototype and the focus group serve as input/output to each other we could create a better overview of how the different pieces were intertwined. This has been a crucial mental model for us to obtain since it has helped us to understand how we could realize the theory through our prototype and thereby come to the conclusion of what aspects of the theory that we should put forward to further development. After constructing the prototype we thought that it would support social navigation, but realized after analyzing the discussion of the focus group that we are not there yet.

In 2009 The National Land Survey of Sweden, Lantmäteriet, commenced a project intended to provide a new digital elevation model (DEM) of Sweden. The method chosen for the project was airborne laser scanning (ALS). In addition to information about the land surface the project will also provide information about the forest, this as a by-product. This data can be used to estimate forest variables such as height and volume. The estimates are often more reliable than what is standard today. This study is based on interviews with employees and members of the forest owner association Södra in southern Sweden.

I takt med ökad konkurrens, växande organisationer och högre krav på effektivitet blir även vikten av metodiker, riktlinjer och modeller för att planera sina resurser allt mer betydande, så även på Volvo Construction Equipment AB Component Division. Då arbetet påbörjades fanns inga riktlinjer för hur Volvos konstruktörer uppskattade omfattningen av sin tid när olika demonstratorer (funktionsprototyper) ska tas fram, istället gjordes olika uppskattningar beroende på vem som skulle utföra dem och när detta skulle göras. Avsaknaden av en sådan metodik försvårar möjligheten att väga olika koncept mellan varandra och möjliggöra rätt prioritering av koncept då varje konstruktör uppskattar sin tid annorlunda och resultaten således inte blir likvärdigt jämförbara. Syftet med examensarbetet är att utveckla en modell för att uppskatta resursbehov och omfattning av konstruktionsarbete när en demonstrator ska tas fram, genom att ta till vara på erfarenheter från genomförda projekt och input från olika konstruktörer. Krav på modellen är att den ska vara enkel, användarvänlig och pedagogisk för att lätt kunna tillämpas på olika tekniklösningar inom avdelningen för drivlineutveckling.

This thesis deals with numerical simulation of earth pressure against tubular bridges in the software Plaxis. Plaxis is a FEM (Finite Element Method) software based on numerical calculations for which approximate solutions are developed through an iterative process. The program is specifically designed for soil and rock mechanical tests, such as voltage and deformation calculations in soil.The Royal Institute of Technology conducted in 2005, field tests on tubular bridges of corrugated steel, which was part of Ersa Bayoglu Fleners PhD (Bayoglu Flener, 2009). She studied how two different tubular bridges deformed during installation and filling. Tests and measurements were made during filling.

This case study presents how the unit of munition-searching dogs of the Swedish armed forces handles their experiences from international service. The subject is particularly interesting as previous research into the area is nonexistent. The questions asked in the study are answered through the authors findings that training and preparation of this unit has developed thanks to the input of lessons learned from previous missions. This paper, based manly on experience reports, show that the unit successfully uses the method for handling lessons learned chosen within the Swedish armed forces..

This report describes the development of a well?functioning and aesthetically appealing web portal and associated database for a company called Svensk Kredit & Försäkringsförmedling AB (Translated: Swedish Credit & Insurance intermediation AB). The portal will test customers' creditworthiness through another company called Business Check in Sweden AB.Administrators to the web portal have a special user interface to display all customers, to disburse the money to the customer and edit customer information. A super?user interface is available for administrators where they can change the information on all administrator accounts.Many aspects of security has been addressed because the web portal will handle personal information.

In the middle of Australia there is a city called Alice Springs. The city has one of the highest amounts of daily sunshine hours and sun irradiation in the world. The Australian Government runs a project called Solar Cities, and Alice Springs is one of the participators. The main part of the goal with the Solar Cities project is to increase the amount of electricity generated by solar power and by doing that lower the impact on the environment. This thesis examines the possibilities for construction of a large scale solar power plant in Alice Springs. This is done to determine the potential of creating a more sustainable energy system in the city.

This thesis has been conducted at Saab Bofors Dynamics AB. The purpose was to investigate if a non-linear missile model could be stabilized when the optimal control signal is computed considering constraints on the control input. This is particularly interesting because the missile is controlled with rudders that have physical bounds. This strategy is called Model Predictive Control. Simulations are conducted to compare this strategy with others; firstly simulations with step responses and secondly simulations when the missile is supposed to hit a moving target.

Undersöknings syfte var att närmare ta reda på hur ett grafiskt gränssnitt för en och samma webbplats lämpligt kan anpassas för att ge en likvärdigt god användarupplevelse oberoende användaren använder sig av en vanlig dator eller en tablet.För att undersöka problemlösande designmönster prövades en teorisyntes baserad på befästa användbarhetsläror, så som metoder för visibility, affordance, mapping, begränsningar och feedback samt tekniker för grafisk gränssnittsdesign och navigation mot en fallstudie.Fallstudien utgjorde en del av ett större projekt, att ta fram ett koncept för en webbplats avseende ett arkitekturmagasin, att vara kompatibel med såväl en desktop som en tablet avseende möjligheten att med gott resultat ta del av samma tjänstekoncept oberoende plattform.Fallstudien gjordes i flera steg genom att först skapa ett passande tjänstekoncept avseende webbplatsens syfte, för att sedan i iterationer skapa ett interaktions- och ett grafiskt ramverk. Under produktionen togs framför all två saker i beaktande; inputmöjligheter både för desktop med mus och tablet med hand eller finger samt konceptuell modeller vad gällande navigation från både tablet och desktopbruk. Iterationerna avslutades med användartester där fyra personer fick prova de framkomna koncepten.Resultatet och analysen av fallstudien pekar på att det finns riktlinjer vilka en designer kan och eventuellt bör följa för att få ett lyckat resultat.Bland dessa riktlinjer är finkänsligheten gällande input den klara skillnaden mellan en desktop med en mus och en tablet med pekskärm. Därför bör alla interaktiva objekt alltid utformas och placeras så att de är lätta att aktivera oberoende metod för input.För ökad läsbarhet bör inte för liten text användas och dessutom tillkommer avvägning för navigation där det är viktigt att inte fastna i gamla webbdesignkonventioner med djupa hierarkier, utan i stället sträva mot en informationsarkitektur som möjliggör för enkel översikt och navigering.Analysen visar även på att överdådig grafik bör undvikas för att inte försätta användaren i en situation där den behöver fundera över hur den ska göra något snarare än vad..

The focus of this thesis is primarily in electronic construction and describes the design process for a microcontroller circuit board from concept development to prototyping. The client develops test fixtures for automated testing of products within the electronics industry and needs a new controller circuit for the test fixtures that can handle controls and basic testing. An investigation into the needs of such a system is conducted and a prototype printed circuit board assembly is manufactured.The prototype is developed with focus on protection against electrostatic discharges and overvoltage. Among the functions that are included are voltage measurements, communication interfaces and control of input and output currents. Firmware for the prototype is developed and configured to communicate with a PC through USB interface for control and collecting of measurements..