Ukraine shares a long history with Russia. In the early 21th century, Ukrainians wanted a freer Ukraine. Therefore the orange revolution started in 2004 by the Ukrainians and had a positive outcome. The situation later became worse because of the economic crisis in 2008 and a corrupt president. The pro-western politician Petro Poroshenko was elected to become president in 2014.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att identifiera faktorer som kan påverka samverkansorganet Östsams framtida utvecklingsmöjligheter. Jag har valt att göra en intervjubaserad fallstudie på fallet Östsam. Intervjupersonerna består av utvalda aktörer som arbetar i processen med Östams övergång från att vara en ideell förening till att bilda ett samverkansorgan. Vidare i undersökningen har jag valt att jämföra intervjuerna med den proposition som ligger till grund för det riksdagsbeslut som antagits angående bildandet av samverkansorgan. Begreppen: motiv, samverkansmöjligheter, skapande av legitimitet, utvecklingsmöjligheter och vision har legat till grund för stora delar av undersökningen.

Lund who has over 90 systems in 12 departments and now wants to streamline the management of these IT systems. Governance of IT systems is something that Lund would treat as it carried a large amount of changes in their practices, where the control is something missed in trying to standardize their systems. What's missing for Lund Municipality is routine to fall back on in order to streamline the management when they get into these complex situations.Given that Lund treat so many systems make it so that the situation quickly becomes very complex due of the organization's structure. The municipality is divided into twelve departments that have their own goals, it is an organization that is organized, which makes creating standards become complicated when all departments have different needs. Our study was based on a framework that deals with complex environments that lack a clear definition.An analysis was conducted where we started from the theory associated with the interviews conducted in which we aimed to understand their decision and understand the processes that affect system development.

Enligt det agentteoretiska synsättet kan osäkerhet kring företagsledarens beteende avhjälpas genom att förutsätta ett opportunistiskt beteende från denne och sedan utforma styrmekanismer som begränsar denna opportunism.  Agentteorin har dock sitt ursprung i en amerikansk kontext med helt andra värderingar än de som format de svenska institutionerna. Därmed öppnas det för andra orsaker och teorier som kan förklara förekomsten av rörliga ersättningar i Sverige.Syftet med denna uppsats är att bidra till diskussionen om vilket eller vilka teoretiska perspektiv som kan ligga bakom förekomsten av belöningssystem i Sverige.Uppsatsen bygger på kvantitativ forskningsstrategi detta eftersom författarna försöker finna ett samband mellan olika variabler.  Genom att utgå från en total populations undersökning av ca 300 börsnoterade företag kom den slutliga populationen som uppfyllde de uppställda kriterierna att uppgå till 211 företag. Respektive bolags årsredovisningar studerades därefter med hjälp av ett kodningsschema som angav informationen som skulle inhämtas och kvantifieras.  Information har sedan statistiskt bearbetats för att kunna bidra till att testa de uppställda hypoteserna.Eftersom att ingen av agentteorins antagande som prövades kunde styrkas indikerar detta att andra teorier kan vara bättre lämpade. Resultaten indikerar på att det är institutionell teori i form av härmande isomorfism och symbolisk kompensation som är mer tillämplig för att förklara rörliga ersättningar i det svenska corporate governance-systemet.

In 1998 Sweden accepted the Treaty of Amsterdam which contained a development of the common foreign and security policy (CFSP) towards a European security and defense policy (ESDP). This thesis aims at studying the decision making process behind the Swedish foreign policy decision to further develop its security policy within the European Union. The purpose is to explain which factors and conditions that did affect and influence the Swedish foreign policy decision. The research applies foreign policy analysis, a theoretical perspective that analyzes both domestic and international conditions using different levels of analysis. The research methods being used has been qualitative as well as quantitative, complemented by interviews, since the research is a process tracing case study.The thesis conclusion is that the Swedish decision is explained by several factors.

This paper will expose the serious phenonomen Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS). Businesses without a good security policy are easy targets for attackers. We will cover why its hard to protect yourself, present previous attacks and ways for individuals and businesses to secure themselves. We have based our paper on previous cases and done intervjues with companies who specialize in dealing with these kind of threats. Then come up with guidelines wich will be helpful for businesses when they want to strengthen there security against Distributed Denial of Service-attacks..

Vårt examensarbete beskriver och analyserar hur den interna kontrollen är utformad i några utvalda företag samt hur användandet av intern kontroll skiljer sig åt företagen emellan. I studien jämförs företag med varierande storlek och ägarstruktur som styrs av olika regleringar. Uppsatsen har sin utgångspunkt i COSO:s ramverk där vi utifrån ramverket diskuterar företagens kontrollmiljö, riskbedömning, kontrollaktiviteter, kommunikation och uppföljning. Vi har vidare diskuterat andra relevanta teorier och normgivare. Exempelvis innebörden av internrevision, intern kontroll och corporate governance samt de lagar och regler som styr företags interna kontroll..

Researchers today anticipate that in the near future, the majority of the owners of a smartphone will use it as a wallet, i.e. for contactless payment. The technology that enables contactless payment today is ?Near Field Communication? (NFC), which is increasingly embedded in smartphones. Applications like mobile payment between a phone and a terminal use NFC.

This thesis examines the process of securitization of the environmental issue in the United States. By using the theories of sectoral security and securitization by Barry Buzan and Ole Waever, commonly known as the Copenhagen school we go beyond the traditional security frames and examine where the environmental issue in the United States stand today within the securitization spectrum. The securitizing spectrum includes three levels in which an issue can be place: non-politicised, politicised and securitized.The problem, which we wish to address, is if there is a movement of the environmental issue in the United States towards becoming a securitized issue. In the light of these circumstances we also wish to explore who is behind the movement and also find out where the issue stand today. We do believe that Al Gore is a securitizing actor and examine his role in the movement of the environmental issueWe have come to the conclusion that there is an ongoing process of securitization in which the environmental issue have moved from being politicised to becoming securitized..

We would like to learn more about how the restrictive policy against incentive programmes affects the board?s of Swedish state owned commercial firms ability to govern management in an efficient way. We also want to find out if there are different consequences in reference to this that are not directly linked to corporate governance issues. Our empiric observations have been made in order to profoundly explore the subject and examine it through the eyes of professional individuals, all expressing different views and standpoints. We conclude that the most efficient structure is when an active board is complemented by a well structured and individualised incentive programme.

This thesis aims to explain the emergence of the Common Foreign and Security Policy of the European Union, and its institutional shaping, by using elements of Neofunctionalism and Liberal Intergovernmentalism.Using Neofunctionalism, the Common Foreign and Security Policy can be explained both as a side-effect of Europe's economic integration, and as a way to maintain the former and the European Union's position as an economic superpower. The institutional shaping is a result of lack of convergence between important national interests. Therefore it rests on a firm intergovernmental base, with rigorously limited use of supranational decision-making.For Liberal Intergovernmentalism, geopolitics and ideology, and to a certain level log-rolling, have played important roles. The reunification of Germany convinced France to form an alliance between the two countries. France, determined to achieve an economic and monetary union, thus offered Germany a political union, including a Common Foreign and Security Policy on intergovernmental terms.

The aim of the study was to describe what district nurses, who work with telephone- advice, document in patient record, to be able to develop their documentation. The Authors have examined 50 patient records. The examination tool is collected from ?Lokal anvisning för hälso- och sjukvården I Södra Älvsborg?. The audit areas was record keeping, review and planning, realization, individual nursing and the patients participation, information, education and agreement.

This paper examines the non-profit organization Friskis&Svettis in order to gain insight into whether governmentality is used and if it is being used in what way. Furthermore we analyzed the requirements and consequences that that may have developed out of this governance structure. To get answers to the questions asked in this paper, a qualitative approach has been taken by the use of interviews with officials at Friskis&Svettis Uppsala. The conclusions drawn from the survey is that there are factors that indicate that governmentality is used within the organization by way of the use of guidelines which can be seen as a technique to control individuals and point them in the desired direction, and the follow-ups that can verify that the guidelines are being followed by the officials. The guidelines and the follow-up have also been an organizational requirement.

The socialdemokrats? long possession of government power from the 1930?s to 1976 gave them the opportunity to put their stamp on Swedish domestic and foreign affairs in the shadow of the cold war. The government policy in security and foreign affairs, therefore, was that of the socialdemokratic party. The stance of the government has been researched, but it lacks focus on the opposition. The purpose of this paper is to analyse Folkpartiet´s view of security and foreign affairs in comparison with government policy.

Humanitarian intervention is a concept that generates several problems in our time. The idea of humanitarian intervention concerns the modern norms of sovereignty and noninterventional principals. It also concerns the conventional norm, which declares that states are not allowed to interfere in other states? internal affairs. The use of military force to implement humanitarian intervention is restricted according to international law.