In this paper I study how the repeal of the Swedish wealth tax (1 of January 2007) has affected people´s labour supply behaviour. This particular issue is relevant because it may help us understand some of the effects of the earnings tax changes that have taken place in Sweden. Accoring to standard economic theory a repealed wealth tax is similar to an income effect for the persons who previously paid the tax. That means that they theoretically will want to consume more leisure, that is decrease their labour supply. The method I am using to test this hypothesis is a difference-in-difference approach where the treatment group consists of persons who previously paid the tax and the control group of comparable persons who did not pay the tax.

This essay addresses the issue of stress by income earners in Sweden 18-64 years old and any possible relationship to their social ties and the individualization process. The data were collected through a questionnaire, sent out to about 185 working men and women. The results showed a relationship between fewer social ties in everyday life and perceived stress of the individual. The result also showed a relationship between higher degree of individualization and stress. Both of these correlations is confirmed by previous research on the concept of work-life and theory of the new individualism.One of the most interesting results the study showed was that there was none relationship with gender and perceived stress in the individual.

In this paper I study how the repeal of the Swedish wealth tax (1 of January 2007) has affected people´s labour supply behaviour. This particular issue is relevant because it may help us understand some of the effects of the earnings tax changes that have taken place in Sweden. Accoring to standard economic theory a repealed wealth tax is similar to an income effect for the persons who previously paid the tax. That means that they theoretically will want to consume more leisure, that is decrease their labour supply. The method I am using to test this hypothesis is a difference-in-difference approach where the treatment group consists of persons who previously paid the tax and the control group of comparable persons who did not pay the tax.

Africa is expected to go through a rapid urbanization over the next four decades and the demand for food is increasing in the rapidly growing urban and peri-urban (UPU) areas. Keeping livestock in urban areas is in particular associated with health hazards. This is due to close interaction between humans and animals, and it has been shown that zoonotic diseases are increasing in urban areas. The benefits of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) are related to improved food security, in particular among low-income groups. Apart from the negative public health impact of zoonotic diseases, animal disease could have a devastating impact on the economy and food security of many households in these areas. In the present study, three important endemic diseases, including brucellosis, salmonellosis and Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), were analyzed in regard to seroprevalence and risk factors.

The Internet has developed into a marketplace for national and international companies. With relatively small means, a company can reach out to millions of people on a daily basis by placing itself on the Internet. With this report, we wish to suggest how e-businesses can change its strategy to adapt to the new market. Focus is on the Swedish Internet market where Swedes, resident in Sweden, trades with Swedish e-companies active within the Swedish borders. To be able to make suggestions, we will first paint a picture of the Swedish e-commerce market from statistics collected from public sources.

Syfte: Utforska och belysa begreppet skam i samband med ungdomars biståndstagande. Ta reda på om klienter som är aktiva inom ekonomiskt bistånd upplever skam i samband med detta, samt hur dessa eventuella skamkänslor påverkar klienterna. Vi vill också utforska handläggarnas syn på skam och deras tankar och upplevelser kring deras klienter skamkänslor. Samt om och hur socialsekreterarna kan minska och förebygga dessa känslor genom att undersöka både socialsekreterarnas och klienternas perspektiv på detta.Metod: Vi har valt att genomföra en kvalitativ studie med en abduktiv ansats baserad på semistrukturerade intervjuer. Data insamlades från sju respondenter, varav fem ungdomar och två socialsekreterare.

Due to the highly competitive and busy marketplace of today, companies are forced to take unforeseen measures in defending and developing their brands. Key elements like opinion leadership and lifestyle marketing are commonplace and aim to deliver values that are more difficult to define compared to quality, price, looks and usability. This paper aims to develop what should be considered most fundamental to all commercial branding. By investigating the ideologies that are the core of many successful companies, we hope to clarify the importance of communicating these ideologies. The topic is examined by method of quantitative analysis and the main purpose is to determine; what do the companies think of their ideologies, and how do their consumers recieve them? A secondary purpose is also to investigate whether different kinds of consumers recieve the ideologies in different ways..

This study investigates three different methods for evaluating MOE,Modulus of Elasticity, in field measurements. The purpose is toinvestigate the possibility to use dynamic measurement methods infield measurements that hitherto (2010) has been performed with staticmethods. The objects of investigation are 20 glulam beams. The firstfield measurement took place in november 2007 and applied a staticmethod based on the standard SS-EN 408. The second measurement,described in this study, took place during summer 2010, and appliedstatic as well as dynamic methods.The MOE of wood is affected by a range different factors.

In 1988 the Swedish Social Democratic Party decided to reform the tax system. In this essay I analyse the motives behind their acting on a basis of the party strategic theories of Przeworski and Sjöblom. The reform commonly referred to as the tax reform of the century, was although they considered that it was a high risk project pursued together with the Liberal Party. The new tax system implicated a less progressive income tax scale, actions against tax avoidance and raised value-added tax. The empirical analysis is primarily based on memoirs written by the key actors.

Sammanfattning ? "All inclusiveturism: The price of greatness is responsibility"Datum: 18 januari 2013Nivå: Magisteruppsats i företagsekonomi, 15 ECTSInstitution: Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, HST, Mälardalens högskolaFörfattare: Per Barkström (9th October 1986) Malin Blomstedt (20th November 1980)Title: All inclusiveturism: "The price of greatness is responsibility"Handledare: Finn Wiedersheim-PaulNyckelord: All-inclusiveturism, långsiktig hållbar samhällsutveckling, CSR, hållbar turism, ekonomiskt läckageFrågeställning: Är det möjligt för resebranschen att bidra mer till en långsiktig hållbar samhällsutveckling än den gör idag gällande All-inclusiveturismen? Hur bör resebranschens förhållningssätt gentemot All-inclusiveturism gestaltas ur ett CSR-perspektiv?Syfte: Huvudsyftet är att beskriva hur resebranschen kan justera sitt förhållningssätt gentemot All-inclusiveturism för att bättre gagna en långsiktig hållbar samhällsutveckling i de länder där verksamhet bedrivs. Delsyftet bottnar i att undersöka och analysera hur den rådande All-inclusiveturismen påverkar samhället ur ett långsiktigt hållbart samhällsperspektiv.Metod: Studien är av kvalitativ karaktär och baseras på sekundärdata i form artiklar, rapporter och böcker för ämnet relevant litteratur samt primärdata i form av personliga intervjuer med profiler som förespråkar hållbar turism. En fallstudie av den svenska resebranschens förhållningssätt till en långsiktig hållbar samhällsutveckling genomfördes med en deduktiv ansats. Vidare tolkades referensramen och empirins insamlade material för att skapa en analys och slutsats.Slutsats: Givet att nedanstående förslag implementeras kan resebranschen justera sitt förhållningssätt gentemot All-inclusiveturism för att bättre gagna en långsiktig hållbar samhällsutveckling i de länder där verksamhet bedrivs.1.

The competition policy in the EU should guarantee that the competition is not distorted in the way that would prevent or create difficulties for the free mobility of goods and services between Member states. It is prohibited for companies to abuse their dominant position according to Article 82, if it affects trade. The essence of Article 82 is control of market power. The perfect competition results when supply and demand appoint the price and quantity of a product. Firms are encouraged to compete then it results in efficiency, quality products and lower prices.

The price trend on rapeseed the latest years has led to an increasing interest to grow the crop among many farmers in Sweden. The price trend has resulted in more than a doubling of the oilseed area since the early 2000s. For many farmers it is an advantage to increase cultivation of rapeseed because of the high proportion of cereals in the crop rotation on many farms, but it is not just benefits. The risk of the fields being infected by clubroot increases within frequent rapeseed cultivation and it often leads to subtantial economic losses. Clubroot is caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae that is a soilborne pathogen in genus Protozoa and its resting spores can be found in the soil for up to 18 years.

Rental rates and land prices have gone through substantial changes the last two decades. The prices have both gone up and down since 1990 but from 1995 to 2008 land prices increased with 272 percent and rental rates with 61 percent. What factors that have the largest impact on rental rates and land prices are hard to determine but factors that may affect the price are the desire to live in the countryside and the expected profitability in agriculture. Prices of products and inputs are factors that affect the profitability in agriculture, but the profitability is also affected by agricultural policies. The economic for Swedish agriculture have changed several times over the last 20 years as a result of changing agricultural policies.The agricultural policies largely affect farmers behavior and decisions.

Evaluation of machinery costs is necessary for selecting appropriate farm machinery. Timeliness cost due to untimely operations is an important component of machinery costs. Timeliness costs can be high for crop sprayers, since pesticide application must be carried out within a short time interval. This Master thesis investigated the timeliness cost and the probability of a suitable workday for spraying. Timeliness factors were estimated for four different crops (oats, spring wheat, winter wheat and barley) using historical weed trial data.

The essay initially intends to find adequate models to describe and forecast monthly data for the Swedish Consumer Price Index sub group Clothes and Shoes 1986-2005. The time series observations during 2006 are considered ?out of sample period? which is used to evaluate the forecasts. The purpose is to perform time series decomposition and to investigate and analyzethe seasonal pattern. The Box-Jenkins approach is used to find adequate ARIMA models.