The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of an intervention that focuses on phonics, decoding, reading speed and phonological awareness for 8-9 year old children in reading difficulties. Participants were selected on the basis of screening test results in grade one (decoding and reading comprehension). The participants were divided into two groups, an intervention group (A1, n=10 children) and a control group (A2, n=10). A1 received 30 minutes of intense reading instruction every day for six weeks from special educational needs teachers on top of their usual classroom based reading instruction. The control group received only their usual classroom-based reading instruction.

In this thesis I analyse and discuss what impact the 2003 U.S lead intervention in Iraq, had for the cooperation against global terrorism between the European Union and the United States. Six years have passed since the Bush administration decided to go on with the intervention, even though they did not have the necessary UN mandate. Due to unsuccessful argumentation in favour of the intervention by the Bush administration, the world got divided. George W. Bush reference to a ?war on terror?, which passed almost unnoticed by Americans, rang alarm bells in many European countries.

Demensrelaterad agitation a?r ett pa?frestande tillsta?nd som inneba?r en fo?rsa?mrad livskvalitet fo?r den demenssjuke personen. Eftersom la?kemedel har liten effekt, rekommenderas icke- farmakologiska interventioner som fo?rshandval vid behandling. Syfte: Att studera omva?rdnadsinterventioner och dess effekt vid demensrelaterad agitation.

Background: Breastfeeding frequency decrease in Sweden and infants born preterm is a particularly vulnerable group to not be breastfed according to current recommendations. Mothers of preterm infants have an extra need of support from the health care system. Mothers' self-efficacy in breastfeeding affects the outcome of breastfeeding. Health professionals' attitudes to breastfeeding have an impact on the breast feeding support they provide to the mothers.Aim: To investigate whether an intervention could strengthen self-efficacy in breastfeeding among mothers of premature babies. A further aim was to investigate whether the intervention influenced health professionals' attitudes to breastfeeding.Method/Design: An experimental study with quantitative approach in the form of questionnaire survey was conducted.

The aim of this study was to look into why children receive the interventions contact person and contact family. This was done by studying case-files. The main questions were:-       How common is it that there are reasons for the intervention linked to parents and which are the most common?-       How common is it that there are reasons for the intervention and problems linked to children and which are the most common?-       Is there any indication of connections between reasons, age, gender or type of intervention? If so, what are the connections?The main results of this study were that most of the children lived with a single mother, often with a weak social network, and in need of relief. It was more common that reasons were linked to children then parents and the most common reasons indicated a need for an extra adult.

Aim: The aim of this study was to study through papers if early intervention of children and adolescents with deaf-blindness can be facilitated through early intervention programs, cochlear implants (CI) and communication strategies.Method: The method that we used was a literature study of scientific articles through Pubmed and Cinahl databases. The articles reference lists were also studied which lead to that more papers were found.Results: Children and adolescents with deaf-blindness can benefit from early intervention programs, when their caregivers were educated to give appropriate response to the children?s behavior. The interaction between children and their caregivers can improve through an early intervention model. Children and adolescents with Deafblindness have variable results from CI.

Background: Breastfeeding frequency decrease in Sweden and infants born preterm is a particularly vulnerable group to not be breastfed according to current recommendations. Mothers of preterm infants have an extra need of support from the health care system. Mothers' self-efficacy in breastfeeding affects the outcome of breastfeeding. Health professionals' attitudes to breastfeeding have an impact on the breast feeding support they provide to the mothers.Aim: To investigate whether an intervention could strengthen self-efficacy in breastfeeding among mothers of premature babies. A further aim was to investigate whether the intervention influenced health professionals' attitudes to breastfeeding.Method/Design: An experimental study with quantitative approach in the form of questionnaire survey was conducted.

AbstractUniversity of Växjö, School of Social SciencesCourse: POC 536, Political Science 41-60Title: The U.S. military intervention in Iraq ? A study of how the intervention corresponds with the UN CharterAuthors: Andreas Malmgren & Johan SchneiderSupervisor: Lennart BergfeldtDate: 2006-09-26The aim of this essay is through a qualitative literature study examine the main arguments of the Bush administration to justify a military intervention in Iraq. The theories used to explain the actions of the U.S. are system level analysis, hegemonism and realism while the UN Charter will be applied as a normative theory.

Background: Breastfeeding frequency decrease in Sweden and infants born preterm is a particularly vulnerable group to not be breastfed according to current recommendations. Mothers of preterm infants have an extra need of support from the health care system. Mothers' self-efficacy in breastfeeding affects the outcome of breastfeeding. Health professionals' attitudes to breastfeeding have an impact on the breast feeding support they provide to the mothers.Aim: To investigate whether an intervention could strengthen self-efficacy in breastfeeding among mothers of premature babies. A further aim was to investigate whether the intervention influenced health professionals' attitudes to breastfeeding.Method/Design: An experimental study with quantitative approach in the form of questionnaire survey was conducted.

Spegelträning är en ny och relativt oprövad metod för behandling av handskadade patienter. Behandlingen ger en illusion av funktion i en icke fungerande hand och metoden baseras på forskning om hjärnans plastiska förmåga som gör att kroppsuppfattningen snabbt kan förändras. Studien gjordes som en fallstudie och beskriver spegelträning som arbetsterapeutisk intervention på en patient med handskada. Patienten tränade med spegel i sex veckor. Handfunktion och aktivitetsförmåga före respektive efter behandlingsperioden jämfördes.

Patienter med kronisk obstruktiv lungsjukdom (KOL) upplever ofta oro relaterat till dyspné. Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka icke-farmakologiska åtgärder som kan vidtas för att lindra patienters oro relaterat till dyspné vid KOL.  En litteraturstudie genomfördes där vetenskapliga artiklar granskades och sammanställdes. Resultatet visade att det finns ett flertal icke-farmakologiska åtgärder så som andningstekniker, fysisk träning, avledning, nutrition och kommunikation som sjuksköterskan kan undervisa och informera om för att lindra oro relaterad till dyspné. Åtgärderna bör vara individanpassade, eftersom varje patient är unik. Sjuksköterskan bör själv eller tillsammans med andra vårdinstanser försäkra sig om att patienten får den information och utbildning om sin sjukdom som krävs för att lindra patientens oro i möjligast mån.

Suveränitetsbegreppet förändras. I en tid då mänskliga rättigheter viktas upp i relation till staters rättigheter omdefinieras suveränitet till förmån för mänsklig säkerhet. Det globala åtagandet till Responsibility to Protect visar på en ny förståelse av suveränitet hos stater. Detta har potential att lösa interventionsdilemmat, det vill säga den oförenlighet som uppstår mellan begreppen statssuveränitet och humanitär intervention. Auktoriseringen av den humanitära interventionen i Libyen 2011 kan ses som ett indicium på att en sådan suveränitetssyn fått praktiska effekter, även i stater med en traditionellt statsmoraliserande hållning; Kina och Ryssland.

One of the big challenges for the European Union today lies in finding a common foreign policy for its 27 sovereign member states with their divided interests, experiences and traditions. New objectives set requirements on the Union to develop and intensify its military ability. The European Union´s view on when military force can be utilized sets concepts like sovereignty and intervention in focus. Can sovereignty be limited and if so can an intervention be justified? How did the Union argue regarding its participation in the intervention in Afghanistan, 2001? The Just War Theory gives the essay a normative framework against which to assess the Union´s view and guidelines for the use of military capabilities.

Bakgrund: Alkoholkonsumtionen har ökat!i Sverige och är idag en del av det sociala livet. Upptäckande och intervention vid alkoholproblem är viktigt både för individen och samhället. Dock är ämnet alkohol personligt och kan anses vara ett känsligt ämne att prata om inte bara för patienten men även för vårdpersonalen. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att undersöka om läkare och sjuksköterskor upplevde att det fanns något som hindrade de från att engagera sig i upptäckande och intervention samt tala med patienter om deras alkoholvanor. Metod: Litteraturstudie som genomfördes genom granskningar av tio studier, 8 kvalitativa och 2 kvantitativa.

The aim of this study was to investigate a health intervention at a Swedish telecom company, with regards to behavioral, cognitive and somatic stress, experienced health, and absence due to illness. A further aim was to investigate the employees' perceptions regarding the health intervention. Questionnaires were collected from 139 employees at the customer service departments.Results indicated that the health activity bowling to some extent could predict lower behavioral stress. However, the most important predictors of stress and perceived health were lack of meaningfulness and quantitative demands. Lack of meaningfulness was also a predictor of absence due to illness.