Syftet med detta arbete är att försöka utforma en modell för att analysera olika matavfallssystem. Detta arbete görs med skärskilt Kiruna kommun i tanke då detta arbete är en del i en önskan från deras sida gentemot Luleå tekniska universitet. För att göra en analys så byggs en systemanalysmodell utifrån vilka alternativ som är intressanta att studera i det här fallet brännbart, en hybrid lösning, kärlinsamling för rötning och köksavfallskvarn. Dessa alternativ valdes sedan att utvärderas gentemot ett antal parametrar inom områdena användaraspekter, transport, process och slutavsättning, energi och säkerhet. Dessa parametrar ska sedan utvärderas och poängsättas.

SammanfattningSyftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka huruvida det genom en övergång från erfarenhetsbaserade arbetssätt till användning av vedertagna optimeringsmetoder finns möjlighet till kostnadsbesparingar för ingående lager i O-fabriken på Volvo Cars motorfabrik i Skövde (SkEP).SkEP dimensionerar idag sina lagernivåer på erfarenhetsmässiga grunder, vilket enligt teorierna inte är helt optimalt ur ett kostnadsperspektiv. Det antas därför att det kan finnas en stor förbättringspotential om SkEP istället börjar använda optimeringsmetoder för att beräkna lager- och orderstorlekar. SkEP upplever i dagsläget inte några större problem, däremot villde veta hur pass bra deras lagernivåer egentligen är. Motiveringen till varför just O-fabriken är intressant är att cylinderhuvudena som tillverkas där är de enda komponenterna som påverkas av den aggregerade slutkundsefterfrågan och därför även kan tillämpas som typexempel vid optimering av andra komponentlager.Metoden som används i uppsatsen är i första hand kvalitativ primärdata i form av intervjuer och observationer samt till viss del sekundärdata, i form av kvantitativ information från SkEPs interna datasystem, CDEC, och en teoretisk studie i ämnet lagerstyrning.Uppsatsen börjar med en teoretisk genomgång av ämnet, vilken till största del bygger på professor Stig-Arne Mattssons publikationer. Där tas de beräkningsmetoder som används i arbetet upp, så som Kapitalbindning, EOQ, SERV2 och beräkning av säkerhetslager.

The purpose of this study was to show how the Hybrid Larch (Larix eurolepis x) are used by large herbivores in terms of grazing and fraying. More specifically I studied how impact on the seedlings was affected by forest stand area, tree height and stem density (stems/ha).The survey was done in Jönköpings county in southern Sweden. About 50 % of all stems that are measured are damaged by grazing and 5,8 % was damaged from fraying. The conclusion of the study is that the biggest influencing factor is the height of the seedlings. The size of the stands and number off seedlings per hectare have almost no impact on the injuries on the seedlings. Fraying are common on trees smaller than 3 meters, and doesn?t occur on trees above that height.

Datormoln, även kallat molnet, är teknik baserad på användande av applikationer och data över Internet. Molnet erbjuder olika typer av tjänster och resurser som t.ex. applikationer och datorkraft. Molntjänster kan underlätta för företag då de kan sänka den annars höga kostnaden för saker som personal, hårdvara, mjukvara och det utrymme detta kräver.Denna rapport kommer svara på frågan ?Vad är moln?? och grundläggande beskriva molnets struktur och funktion, samt olika typer av moln.

This is a graduate work at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, The Department of Urban and Rural Development, Ultuna. The purpose of this paper has been to find out and describe principles for designing parks that offers good recreational and aesthetical values and require little amount of carbon dioxide emissions during their maintenance. The purpose has also been to see if it's possible to use city wastewater in some extent to assure the plants water supply and to find other means to make it less necessary to use purified water for watering. Recently made studies as well as older ones show how important green areas are in dense city structures both from a health and a climate perspective. Trees and other plants adsorbs different forms of air pollution and can also lower the temperature in the surrounding area through their transpiration.

In this thesis a transport system is sought after thatif realised in the city of Uppsala could provide bothwell-being to all its inhabitants and sustainability,here jointly refered to as liveability. It is found thatthe car dominated transport system that is inoperation today provides two fundamental values,namely accessibility in both time and space, whichsets it apart from other transport solutions. Thesetwo values are of immense importance for theliveability in our modern world. On the other handthe car dominated system decreases the liveabilityof Uppsala in several different ways. Some of theseproblems, it is argued, could be solved within thecar system, through the adoption of moreenvironmentally friendly cars etc., but otherproblems are inherent in the car system and willremain no matter what changes are made.

This paper deals with a partly new development in the Swedish law system, somewhere in the boundary between political science and jurisprudence. A new instrument -artbrott- has successively become more popular among lawyers and politicians. The new instrument -here translated to classified crimes- signifies that the perpetrator is sentenced to prison even though the seriousness of the crime committed is not in itself serious enough for such a consequence. The reason for this policy stance is to create a prevention against crime of that specific character among the public. The use of this instrument has grown considerably both concerning types of crimes as well as in application.

The challenges facing low voltage grids are rising as an increasing number of domestic houses transition from fossil fueled heating to electricity based heating. Several environmental goals and visions have the same transition from fossil based power to electricity based power in mind for the transportation sector. One of the most important tools for this transformation is widely regarded to be the electric vehicle. With the demands of the electric vehicle pressuring the power grid, several questions arise regarding the growth of the electric vehicle market and what repercussions it may have on the grid. This paper focuses on a typical low voltage grid in southern Sweden and what effects a growing electric vehicle market may have on it. Through computer-assisted simulations based on several future scenarios regarding the EV market, this paper finds that few modifications and reinforcements are needed on this particular grid within the next 10 to 15 years.

Ideella idrottsföreningar har länge varit en viktig del av det svenska samhället, men möter idag utmaningar i form av ekonomiska svårigheter och minskat ideellt engagemang. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur ledningen av föreningsdrivna ridskolor kombinerar företagsstrategier med sitt ideella syfte. En tabell med idealtyperna ideell förening och företag har applicerats på en fallstudie av två föreningsdrivna ridskolor och två aktiebolagsdrivna ridskolor i Uppland. De aktiebolagsdrivna ridskolorna stämmer enligt teorin in på idealtypen företag till skillnad från de föreningsdrivna ridskolorna som överensstämmer med båda idealtyper. Deras organisationsform kan istället definieras som blandformen hybrid.

This thesis describes the genus Hemerocallis, the trading with daylily from hybridizer to seller with emphasis on the Swedish market. The first part describes the daylilies biology its botany, breeding, production, pests and diseases. Also the tobacco ringspot nepovirus recently confirmed in Sweden is described. Since the breeding of daylily is mainly done in Florida topics like hardiness and influence of the climate are included. The first part is mainly based on literature studies, but also interviews with growers and breeders from Sweden, USA, Holland and Germany.

The purpose of this study is to determine who visits the V Frölunda Library, Gothenbug,what magazines they read and why. The data presented in this thesis are collectedusing four methods: general observation and counting numbers of visitors, interviewswith 202 magazine readers, the completion of 1308 questiomaires regarding approximately350 maghes and interviews with more than 100 library visitors.The data indicates that men are significantly overrepresented among magazine readersas compared to the female visitors. These men are primarily from the white collar sectorof the community. This leads to a pronounced underrepresentation of the blue coIlarworkers. Young people visit the magazine room in the library at a rate about twice thatexpected from the population distribution.Women are primarily interested in magazines dealing with the home whereas men aremore interested in business, cars, boats and sports.

Studies show that product placement is becoming a more and more common method for companies to use when communicating with consumers. The results of this study can?t confirm nor deny that claim, but instead we offered the observation that as a communication method, product placement and TV-commercials are more similar than revealed at first glance.Cars of the brand Ford appeared in seven out of the 50 motion pictures that made up the sample material in this study. In several instances the values that were communicated regarding the brand matched, completely or in large parts, the values communicated about the Ford brand in Ford?s own commercials.This doesn?t hold true for all companies.

This report describes the development process of a pipe clamp used on exhaust system for cars. It is made based on the manufacturers desire to improve and make the clamp easier to manufacture and to reduce its price to their customers. This should be done either by manufacturing the clamp in one piece without an expensive and work intensive welding process, or by generating ideas of how to develop a brand new type of clamp. Investigating the market for similar products was done to eliminate intrusion of other manufacturers? patents but also to generate ideas.

This report is going to be focusing on the development of a promotion page and login system for the web production company Adoreyou. The promotion page and login will be parts of a new taxi application for iPhone that lets the customer book a taxi and drivers manage the requests from the customers.Taxi application?s that let customer?s book trips are nothing new but they are constantly being explored and developed. The most common practice is to let the customer fill in from what address he or she wants to be picked up and to where he or she wants to be taken. Then the price is set in the application depending on the distance and most likely other factors like weekday and time.

Tasmania is a state in Australia, and is also the country?s largest island. It is separated from the main land by a 429 kilometer wide strait. Every year, a large amount of people, cars and goods are transported to the island using a government owned ferry line, which generates approximately 300 million Australian dollars to the state?s economy ,every year. This bachelor thesis investigates the possibility of reducing the fuel consumption for the ferry traffic to and from Tasmania, which would also reduce the overall cost.