?Development of methods for the planning and implementation of ditch clearing with modern methods?, is a long title for an exam work but that is what this report describes. In Sweden, we have a limited area available, and with the present development with increasing market oil prices, and enormous forces on the renewable energy sources, we need every hectare possible to protect the output of the forests. So with this in mind, many people are now considering how to increase the production of the forests that are already available. A part of production increases is to manage the existing forests, and not to allow this area to go to cultivation or become marshland. We manage our forests in a way that benefits the environment, and we consider that our working practice over the years has shown us to be correct and well functioning. A part of our way of producing forests is to ensure that we have functioning drainage systems in the forest holdings which we administer. The responsible at Holmen Skog requested a good method to make inventories of the drainage systems of Holmen forests. This Degree Project is about ways to identify and implement drainage systems with modern methods. It deals with authorities regulations, and how they operate in different counties.

Around the world, forests are generally being fragmented and as plant populations decline in both sizeand number of individuals, the genetic variation will also decrease whitch in the end leads to totalextinction of the plant. In this paper, I wanted to investigate what specific species of trees and shrubsyou usually find in the edge and core habitats in some of the forests in the Baltic Sea region. I alsowanted to identify the edge effects and their sources and finally compare the results between thedifferent regions.The data sources used are derived from the ongoining research project Landscape structures, patterns ofbiodiversity and conservation strategies in the Baltic Sea region by Kari Lehtilä, Patrik Dinnétz ochTiina Vinter who have made a record of all herbaceous plant species in four randomly chosen forestregions situated around the Baltic Sea: Estonia, Skåne, Södermanland and Germany. I made statisticalanalyses, using the computer program R, concerning the distribution of species in the edge habitats ofthe forests as well as in the core habitats. I performed generalized linear models and then variationanalyses with the factors light and biomass in order to investigate wether edge effects might appear dueto these factors.

The following report is a constructive responsive evaluation of Svalövs communes unit for newly arrived refugees based on a qualitative user- and stakeholder model. The main purpose is to evaluate the units? quality from a user and stakeholder perspective. The main findings are that the users and stakeholders are satisfied with the quality of the units? services but request further social and structural participation.

In past decades information technology has changed the conditions of organizations, not at least within the industry. Advanced IT systems have become a fact in order to cope with rapid changes in the market and to effectively manage an organization?s knowledge. When organizations became more flexible and customized expectations from customers and stakeholders also become higher. These expectations and guidelines are documented in a company?s management system, which can be designed differently depending on what standards the company chooses to implement.

Inventory management is a key part of a company?s logistics function and is of great importance to companies as it is a substantial cost. It is of high importance for a company to make sure that the warehouse is efficient as possible. In this thesis two factors that hurt a warehouse?s efficiency are introduced; inventory inaccuracies and lead-time variations.This thesis has been dedicated to analyze how inventory inaccuracies and lead-time variations arise and how to eliminate them.To be able to solve this question we have used a qualitative research method.

This study is based on the notion of "the postsecular society". I have identified both similar and dissimilar values within current and official publications regarding human rights and gender equality authored by the Swedish Feminist Party and the Church of Sweden. The aim of this study is to identify and review similarities and differences in values, as expressed in definitions and standpoints, and also to try to explain how it is that the actors have similar and dissimilar values. In this context I have chosen the sociologist Jürgen Habermas's theory about "the postsecular society" to increase the understanding how and why similar values within religious and secular actors are presented in, what Habermas calls, "the postsecular society". I have used a qualitative and comparative content analysis for this study. The result shows that the Swedish Feminist Party has a more humanistic view.

This essay is a case study carried out at Flow Systems Ltd that foremost aims to treat the internal marketing at the company. The aim with the essay is to analyze and evaluate Flows internal marketing in connection with a process of change and how this reflects the external marketing in relation to customers.The method that has been used is qualitative in the form of depth interviews carried out with management, employees and customers. This type of data was chosen since it is a good way of gathering more specific information regarding the informants preferences about the company. Among other things the results of the interviews showed internal marketing deficiencies, but that has not influenced the customers in a negative way. The conclusion was that the inferior internal marketing does not affect the cooperation and the communication between the company and its customers, however it has a big effect on the employees..

Active work to increase the efficiency of energy use is taking place in Sweden and throughout all of Europe. Electricity is an important part in our society?s energy system which means that the electrical grid operators and associated therewith has a central role in this work. Monitoring and controlling the electrical grids are managed from the distribution system operator?s DC, dispatch center.The aim of this report is to examine how the operations in a typical DC on the Swedish electricity distribution network will look like in five to ten years.

The last hundred years humans have drastically changed the amount of available nitrogen in nature. Today human activities release twice as much available nitrogen as all natural processes are doing together. We also have degraded nature´s possibilities to take care of nitrogen through the draining of wetlands and straightening of rivers. In order to regain the potential of nitrogen retention in the water systems there now requires a reshape of the landscape we live in. A planned expansion of the mining activities in Garpenberg, Dalarna, would double the content of nitrogen in the waters below the mine.

SammanfattningSyftet med denna undersökning är att prova ut ett verktyg bland en grupp blivande lärare i träning i mänskliga relationer (Human Relations Training eller HRT). HRT är en utbildning i hur man kan kommunicera med bl a elever, kollegor och föräldrar för att skapa goda relatio-ner och konstruktivt hitta lösningar till konflikter och andra problem. Tidigare forskning visar att blivande lärare samt nyblivna lärare i Sverige anser sig ha goda ämneskunskaper men upp-lever en osäkerhet i det kommunikativa mötet vid exempelvis konflikter och vanliga problem som kan uppstå i det vardagliga mötet med elever och andra personer. I USA har det sedan decennier ingått HRT i lärarutbildningen, men då vi inte fann någon tidigare koppling till HRT i den svenska lärarutbildningen blev det intressant att prova HRT:s rekommendationer med kunskaperna som snart nyblivna lärare i Sverige har. En av oss författare fick en utbild-ning i HRT, i USA.

Attitydens omedvetna effekt är omöjlig att styra, då till exempel känslor såsom ilska, omedvetet kan påverka hur vi reagerar med vår omgivning. Med detta i åtanke undersökte föreliggande experiment huruvida det fanns någon skillnad mellan 44 kvinnor och 42 mäns, ur allmänheten, attityder till att hålla förhör med personer misstänkta för misshandel respektive skattebrott. Halva gruppen undersökningsdeltagare, läste en beskrivning av ett misshandelsfall och den andra gruppen ett skattebrottsfall, varefter deltagarna besvarade frågeformulär om attityder till kriminella respektive attityder till att hålla förhör med brottsmisstänkta personer. En två-vägs variansanalys med män och kvinnor samt brottstyperna som beroende variabler visade att misstänkta för misshandelsbrottet ansågs kunna förhöras med en signifikant lägre grad av humanitet, jämfört med personer misstänkta för skattebrott. En interaktionseffekt förelåg och simple effekt analyser visade att det var kvinnornas resultat som stod för interaktionseffekten.

Storing kinetic energy in a flywheel allows for more efficient driving of electricvehicles. Research in this area is in progress at Uppsala University, where a flywheelwith magnetic bearings encased in a vacuum chamber is being constructed. To makethis possible methods for measuring the current through the electromagnets in thebearings and temperatures in the flywheel need to be developed. This has been thepurpose of this report. The current measurement resulted in a resistive method, andthe implementation of eight measurement circuits in the system.

Knowledge organization is perceived as a central, constituting activity defining the notion of libraries. Critique calling for a new theoretical foundation voiced by active researchers within library and information science concerning the current knowledge organization has been utilized as a point of departure. Specifications concerning a new theoretical foundation implied by these critiques are considered within this thesis and theory found in The Order of Things by Michel Foucault proposed as an alternative theory for understanding knowledge organization as a human science where meaning, value and representation, by which the ordering of things is possible, is acknowledged as a result of human activity and history. Thus meaning, value and representation must be perceived as dynamic. An example of implementation of the proposed theory has been achieved by the use of bibliometrics.

Safe retrieval of nutrients from human excreta to fertilize crops in order to gain adequate yields will increase food security and sustainability in agriculture areas with nutrient-poor fields. Safe and nutritious food will meet the dietary needs of the individual which promotes public health and the ability of an active life. Human excreta should be considered as a resource instead of being assumed as waste. Human faeces and urine is excellent fertilizers which may close the nutrient loop if utilized properly. However, sanitation of the excreta is required to prevent disease transmission by reducing the content of gastrointestinal pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and parasites. The objective of this study was to in small scale evaluate the sanitation in a combined liquid compost and urea treatment by monitor the inactivation of bacteria and viruses at the combination three start temperatures, 45, 40 and 35 °C, and three additions of urea, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 % and reference, 0 % urea addition.

This is a qualitative study that includes participants that are in connection with a non-civic organization in Sweden. The study aims to capture the participants? subjective experiences regarding human service organizations. The starting point is to catch both their positive and negative experiences, and then try to concretize what directed their perception in both ways. Is there any specific organization that is represented in positive and the negative column? Is it possible to explain the experience by looking at the organization and the organizational goals? Is it possible to see variables that might explain the perception?The study has a narrative focus that seeks the answers in the organisational context rather than in the stories themselves.