The aim of this review is to evaluate the best way to transport the Horse. When it comes to transporting Horses there are a number of different types of trailers and trucks that you can choose from today. The most common type of trailer is designed for two Horses and the Horses are transported facing the direction of travel. Studies has been performed to determine if that is the most advantageous direction for the Horse to travel in, in terms of balance and levels of stress. Stress is a widely discussed subject and the definition is not fully developed.

In this study we have examined in which way the Horse is used in Equine Assisted Therapy, and what effects the treatment staff experience and describes that the interaction with Horses has on girls who self-harms. Our Empirical data was collected through qualitative methods such as interviews, participant observation and informal interviews with a total of six different informants, from five different activities with Equine Assisted Therapy for girls who self-harms. In the analysis we have assumed symbolic interactionism, a theory focusing on the human as a social being, where the self-image alters in the social interaction with other human beings. We interwove this theory with the Biophilia hypothesis, an explanatory model concerning human?s relationship to animals and nature.The conclusions we have found in the results are:Equine Assisted Therapy is a complementary treatment comprises both Horseback riding and exercises which is not based on the HorsebackEquine Assisted Therapy almost always involves three parts, the therapist, the client and the Horse.

The Horse's motivations to forage and eat are behaviors that Horse owners should take into consideration when designing the Horse's living environment. In today?s housing of Horses, Horses are often kept alone in boxes and paddocks and are fed with small amounts of energy-rich roughage. Problems that can arise with a shortened feeding-time and long periods of fasting are behavioral changes like stereotypic behaviors and an increased risk for ulcers. A solution to the short feeding-time is that you are feeding roughage in a small mesh hay net, or a so-called Slow-feed net.

This work focuses on the relation between human and animals and especially on the relation between Horses and human. I have brought up the human och Horse relationsship, today, and in history and wrote about the behaviour of the Horse. Some older studies with human and animal interaction, including animals like dog and cattle are discussed. I have also discussed physiological parameters that might influence the bond and the interaction between human and Horse and some critical aspects concerning the methodology when studying this kind of physiology. The purpose of the experimental study was to analyze if common management routines and grooming of Horses increases Horses interest in making contact with humans. Many Horse owners feel that they have a good connection with their Horse and factors that can influence the relationsship could be physical contact, feeding or some challange that make the Horse trust the human.

The aim of the study was to investigate feeding routines, management, health and level of activity of riding Horses in Sweden. This was obtained by a survey requesting information from owners who kept Horses at a non-professional level. Owners to approximately 500 Horses were contacted and the usable response of the survey was 56 %. The dominating breed in the study was Swedish warmblood (38 %). Fiftytwo percent of the Horses were geldings, 45 % were mares and 3 % were stallions.

As the quality of internationally competing Horses is increasing, a debate concerning the breeding goal of the Swedish Warmblood Horse has arisen. Some people claim that the breeding goal should be divided into two separate goals in the future; one for show jumping Horses and another one for dressage Horses. At the same time others claim that since the largest group of people using the Swedish Warmblood Horse today is amateur riders, the needs of these riders should be taken into a larger consideration in the breeding program. The largest emphasis in this matter is on the Horses? temperament. The objective of the study was to investigate what the majority of the Swedish Horse people think about a variety of questions concerning today?s breeding goal of the Swedish Warmblood Horse.

Inbreeding has become a problem in some Horse breeds. Studies show that it may lead to inbreeding depression which affects e.g. reproduction traits. In the wild there are mechanisms that make Horses avoid mating with close relatives. When selection is done by humans this mechanism is removed and intensive breeding for a few traits, for example good racing results, can become a problem.

Dressage schooling is not a subject that rests on science, it is a matter of dependable experience. So far there hasn?t been so much research about it, but more and more is done. Especially the interaction between rider and Horse is a nearly uninvestigated field. Riding skills is much about having the right position, and having the Horses head and neck in different positions, but there are no research done that support or deny that this old ?knowledge? is for the best for the Horse. This study was performed to evaluate if the head and neck position of the Horse, and the velocity, has any influence on the position of the rider.

This study describes and reviews Horse stable equipment from companies who builds and sells the equipment. In the study the companies various equipment was compared with regulations in the law of prevention of cruelty to animals. The purpose with this study was to find out if the companies stable equipment are approved according to the regulations within this area. The study used at five randomly picked companies.This study showed that three of the five examined companies refered, in one way or another, to the law of prevention of cruelty to animals on their website. Unfortunately not any of the companies referred to todays existing law of prevention of cruelty to animals.

The Horses? natural behaviour is easier to satisfy in a loose-housing system than housed in a traditional box. Law?s and science suggest that we should house Horses in loose-housing, which improve the Horse possibility to perform natural behaviours, to interact socially with other Horses and to have more possibility to movement. It?s more timesaving in a working population aspect and a economic gain in materials. We noticed that it?s different opinions about what people in the Horse society thinks about having youngsters housed in a loose-housing system.

Västergarn is one of the smallest parishes on the island of Gotland. It?s a place of rich history and has been subject to numerous excavations throughout the years. The University of Gotland has conducted seminar excavations at Västergarn between the years of 2005-2012. During these excavations a lot of Horse related finds have been found.

This work is about euthanasia and how to use it on Horses, dogs and cats. A description for each animal is done, about when it is time, why, which methods can be used and who is allowed to use them, how and where it shall be done. The methods we have concentrated on are: - Chemical destruction and the most common drugs for euthanatize Horses, dogs and cats. - Physical disruption of the brain activity by a captive bolt, only for Horses. The captive bolt only makes the Horse unconscious and must always be followed by cutting off the vena jugularis. Then the Horse dies because of loss of blood. No matter which method used for euthanizing, the animal must be declared to be dead by the operator before other measures. The testing criteria for death: muscle relaxation and cyanosis, cessation of reflex activity and pupillary dilatation, cessation of respiratory activity and cessation of all cardiac activity.

SUMMARYThe riding school Horse is the base for the riding school. Riding schools are looking for a suitable Horse that meets their demands for exterior, age, education, temperament, price and sustainability. Many different aspects may define the sustainability of the riding school Horse; of them is how long life the riding school Horse has in riding school activity. Previous studies have shown that the riding schools requirements are 8-12 years life span in the riding school.The purpose of this study was to describe the Swedish riding school Horse life span in riding schools and at what age the riding school Horses were recruited, disposed and the reasons for disposal. Information about the riding school Horse life span in riding schools and reasons for disposal can provide important understanding regarding the importance of health for the riding school Horse, riding school economy and profitability in the riding school.

Horses are grazers with a digestive system that is adapted for a high fiber diet. Forage is a fiber rich feed that includes grass and legumes. A deficiency of forage and an excess of grains may cause gut disturbances and stereotypic behavior. The aim of this literature study was to summarize information on the Horse?s capacity to consume forage-only diets with focus on the Horse?s need of energy and protein.

Glycogen is the storage form of glucose and is used by the skeletal musculature as energy both for intense and endurance events. The glycogen content in the Horse?s middle gluteal muscle is more than 600 mmol/kg dry weight, and almost 400 mmol/kg dry weight in the human?s Vastus lateralis. In some special occasions, for example in competitions with several moments on following days, there is a need of a fast muscle glycogen resynthesis. The feed intake is of importance for the velocity of the resynthesis.