The Swedish Government has set a target to reduce energy consumption through energy efficiency within the construction and real estate sector. The purpose of the study is to examine how energy efficiency within this sector could affect the district Heating volume in the future, on basis of Vattenfalls district Heating system in Uppsala.An Excel model has been created to study how energy effficiency measures affects district Heating demand in buildings by 2045, based on technical and economicalconditions. Furthermore, an interview study has been conducted to examine incentives for district Heating customers to invest in energy efficiency measures.Result of the Excel model shows that the district Heating volume of Vattenfall in 2045 is expected to 931 GWh, which corresponds to a volume decrease of 10,6 %. Based on the study?s theoretical framework only 15 %, 1 024 GWh, of the technical-economical potential is assumed to be implemented.

There are several energy systems in the Swedish society and to ensure the comfort and health of the citizens it is of importance that the different energy systems are functioning properly. District Heating is one of these energy systems and many household depend only on district Heating to warm up their homes. District Heating is dependent on several processes where every step needs to function in order to deliver the produced heat to the end consumer. Previous studies have investigated the distribution of district Heating and how to make customers choose district Heating as their Heating method. The supply of fuel to the district Heating plant has not been studied as much, even though it is an important part of the whole system. This thesis is a part of the project NORD-STAR (Nordic Strategic Adaption Research), which has focused on climate adaption in the Nordic countries.

When constructing a new house many questions appear, from architecture to decisions regarding installations. Sweden is situated in a cold part of the planet and questions regarding which Heating system to install face everyone who decides to build a new house. This thesis describes a construction solution of a villa in Kiruna. The extended essay analyzes which Heating system is most suitable for the construction. The options are geothermal, district and pellet Heating systems.

A third party access to district Heating networks has been proposed in Sweden, to increase the competition on the district Heating market. Such third party access could create opportunities for the agricultural sector as an energy producer. This study describes the technical, economical and environmental prerequisites for a farmer cluster to build and run a Heating plant, fueled with local wood fuel. The Heating plant in the described scenario is 8 MW and will supply a village of 1000 houses, and is fueled with wood chips exclusively. Supplying a Heating plant with fuel puts high demands on the logistics, since there need to be a continuous flow of fuel. In the scenario, wood residues from felling and thinning is stored in stacks in the forest, and a few times a year chipped and transported to a storage area at the Heating plant. In the study, an estimation of the profitability has been made by estimating the cost of the investment, personnel, operating and maintenance costs and costs for the fuel and ash handling.

The demand for district Heating is expected to decrease in the future, due to competition from heat pumps and energy efficiency measures in buildings. Development of existing district Heating systems is therefore necessary for district Heating companies to maintain market shares. This Master?s thesis describes and investigates the heat and electricity production and profitability of a combined Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) and heat pump that is integrated with an existing district Heating system. The studied district Heating system is utilizing heat from waste incineration. In Sweden waste constitute 20 % of the fuel mix used in district Heating systems, and this share is expected to increase in the future.

Grubbe Ventilation AB is a sheet metal and ventilation company who provides design, installation, service, and repair of ventilation. The company is expanding their business by building a new facility in Umeå, Västerbotten. The property is designed to be used for both office and industrial work.Grubbe Ventelation AB has not yet decided upon wish system which is to be established to provide the building with Heating and cooling. The consulting firm Umeå Projekt Team has therefore been asked to investigate the possibilities to invest in geothermal- Heating and cooling.If the investigation of a geothermal Heating- and cooling system would provide favorable results it would be a very appropriate alternative that provides energy at low costs and are an environmentally friendly option as the energy comes from stored solar energy in the ground is provided by stored solar energy in the ground.The facility ´s Heating and cooling consumptions are calculated in the program BV2 and the result indicate a Heating demand of 185 000 kWh per year due to thermal transmittance, transmission losses, Heating of warm water and a cooling requirement of 5500 kWh.Three different systems of geothermal Heating and cooling were tested in the computer program Energy Earth Design. The results show no difference in the dimensioning of the drill hole if merely Heating were to be used or both Heating and cooling were to be established.

This examination work brings up opportunities to invest in a construction for Heating with grain or pellets on farm level. As example we have chosen Fröberga Gård which is a farm located in Östergötland outside of Söderköping. The farm`s residential buildings is to day heated with oil and electricity. The result of our investigation shows that Heating with grain is the best alternative, partly because of economical issues but also because you can grow the grain on your own farm and by that you can get better economy in your seed cultivation. To grow 16 tonne of grain as is needed demand gives a insignificant increase of work. Further an advantage is that no investment in machines is needed because all the machines witch is needed already is in use on the farm. In a situation where a new investment is needed as in the case we studied, is it often profitable to invest in a integrated furnace. Because all the components are well adapted to each other, and because that gives a high efficiency. If you already own a well working furnace is it often most profitable to connect a burner to it. It is important to know that Heating with grain need more work than Heating with pellets, because the high contents of ash in grain. Even if you choose pellets instead of grain the calculation shows good results. Because peat is an excellent but fairly untested raw material for pelletsproduction we have chosen to watch little more on its quality and conductions. We discovered that peat has a high Heating value which makes it possible to raise the heat value in pellets through mix up peat and wood. Or you can make pellets with only peat and get a pellet with high Heating value. Even the calculation with peatHeating shows good results..

This report treats whether it is viable to invest in solar Heating to heat the therapy pool at Östersunds Rehabcentrum. The rehab center is owned by the county council of Jämtland and is located on Solliden in Östersund city. The solar Heating where supposed to be a complement to the district Heating that was Heating the pool in the current situation. Later, it however showed that this was not the case. The pool is currently being heated by a radiator circuit that is being heated by the district Heating.

Buildings worldwide account for 40 % of the total energy use. Climate change is of increasing importance, but few are willing to reduce their standard of living or get a higher cost for the change. Energy efficiency of existing buildings gives the greatest benefit economically and environmentally. The real estate company Klövern AB manages 46 properties in Karlstad. Heating is the major cost of the total operating costs of real estate. Rising energy prices increase the need for Klövern AB to improve energy efficiency and to investigate alternative sources of heat.

This is a report written for an examination project C-level, on the subject of energy. The examination project is a product of the FVB Sweden AB (district Heating bureau). It started with a meeting with Stefan Jonsson FVB Sweden AB, were he explained the content of the project, and from this a presentation of the problem was made. The problem that needed to be solved was how they could control the valves in the system to provide Heating to everyone in the system. The valves are often oversized so the pump in the Heating plant would have to be enormous to be able to provide enough flow to be sufficient, if everyone in the system had there valves fully opened. I came up with two solutions to the problem, one was a wireless network that could keep track of the valves and the other solution was an extra sensor that was placed on the radiator.

This thesis has been carried out on behalf of IV Produkt AB and intends to set an average ratio of thermal energy losses in apartment buildings that were built during the 1960-1990. This shall be derived by analyzing the total district energy consumption that has been divided into three parts: heat energy losses (the actual Heating requirements), the Heating of domestic hot water and Heating energy consumption for the controlled ventilation.Three different residential areas that were built during the years 1962-1966 and one that was built in 1993 has been analyzed. All residential areas are located in Växjö urban and contains between four and six apartment buildings.The analyzed objects have a mechanical exhaust ventilation systems and district Heating as the Heating method. No own laboratory work or experiments have been done in this thesis, the calculations have been done on the basis of parameters from VEAB, interviews with property managers, and literature studies. By calculations, we have got a result that is reported in Chapter 6.

The aim of this report was to do a case study at a geothermal Heating system which has been in operation for about 5 years, and study if its performance has changed during this period of time. A literature study about the processes involved was also done in purpose of background knowledge.The tenant-owner?s association Duvan at Petterslundsgatan in Uppsala installed year 1999-2000 a geothermal Heating system. The purpose of this installation was that they hoped it would lead to a smaller usage of district Heating which would lead to a reduction of the Heating expenses for their buildings. The geothermal Heating system consists of 19 energy wells and 4 geothermal heat pumps, and it is one of the first systems of that size in the region of Uppsala.

This master thesis is an in-depth study of an existing Heating system at a household cooperative in Uppsala that has been converted from district Heating to a bedrock heat pump system. The study focuses on an economical system optimisation of the building?s complete Heating system. The aim was to determine how well a heat pump system in large buildings actually work, find out possible ways to optimize the existing system and point out important system parameters for new heat pump installations in larger buildings.The project points out a possible energy cost reduction of 45 % without investment and further cost reductions with equipment investments. A reduction by 30 % is possible by improvements in the regulation system and 15 % is possible by maintaining the brine system.

This report is a bachelor's thesis of two students from the Energy and Environment degree at KTH Stockholm. Grinda is an island situated Stockholm archipelago. Skärgårdsstiftelsen is landowners and manages the area. Grinda Wärdshus, a guest house located in the island, currently uses an oil-fired boiler as a Heating system. The aim of this thesis is to investigate whether wood chips or pellets is, from a sustainability standpoint, a suitable Heating method for the guest house.

The purpose with this thesis is to analyse different factors that can explain district Heating prices for energy companies in Sweden. We are further interested in examining if the prices is affected by the use of industrial waste heat in their production and the company?s ownership structure. The method applied is a multiple regression analysis using a panel data set of 50 companies over 5 years (2008-2012). The data used is yearly data obtained from the Swedish district Heating association.