Uppskattningsvis har 200 000 svenskar en hjärtsviktsdiagnos, vilket innebär att det är en av de vanligaste diagnoserna inom sjukvården. Hjärtsvikt är ett tillstånd med besvärande symptom och hög dödlighet. Livskvalitet påverkas av individens fysiska och psykiska hälsa, grad av oberoende, sociala förhållanden och händelser i omgivningen. Syftet med studien var att beskriva faktorer som påverkar livskvaliteten hos personer med svår hjärtsvikt. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie där 13 vetenskapliga artiklar, 12 kvantitativa och en kvalitativ utgjorde underlaget för resultatet.

AbstractPurpose/Aim: To study how Piratbyrån argues for a free distribution of information and culture products and to find a possible ideological explanation for their argumentation.Method/Material: I have used a rhetorical analysis to study and describe Piratbyrån´s website, a website that promotes free distribution of information and culture products. I have done so to find out how Piratbyrån argues for a free distribution and to find out what ideological foundation their argumentation is based on.Main results: The main results of the study show that Piratbyrån uses a variety of rhetorical techniques depending on the subject and purpose of the analyzed text. Their main arguments both promote their own thesis and argue against the copyright industry. The main part of the argumentation is based on logical and factual arguments, but parts of it also rely on an emotional appeal to the reader?s heart in order to persuade.

Hjärtsvikt betraktas inte som en sjukdom. Det är ett kliniskt syndrom som uppstår som resultat av nedsatt hjärtmuskelfunktion där hjärtats pumpkraft avtar vilket leder till otillräcklig blodförsörjning till kroppens organ vid ett normalt fyllnadstryck. Personer som drabbas av hjärtsvikt har ökat i antal eftersom behandling av andra hjärtsjukdomar har förbättrats samt medellivslängden har ökat. Syftet med studien var att beskriva äldre patienters upplevelser av att leva med hjärtsvikt. Metoden som användes var en kvalitativ empirisk studie där datainsamlingsmetod var intervjuer och insamlade material analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

The aim of this paper was to describe hindering and facilitating factors in the transition from upper secondary school and employment for a person with Asperger?s syndrome. In the process we used general systems theory and made semi-structured interviews with five persons in the network of institutions and associations working with the individual. Our findings showed that the hindering and facilitating factors were basically the same depending of the environmental adjustments. The interviews highlighted the following factors: the recent general unemployment rate in Sweden, selfawareness of the individual and the surrounding environment?s knowledge of the individual?s impairment in relation to Asperger?s syndrome.

This essay examines possible maternal deaths in paleodemographic analyses and grave material by comparing three cemeteries: Nya L?d?se, Helgeandsholmen and V?sterhus. By comparing mortality patterns and burial practices, the aim is to investigate possible signs of obstetric care during medieval and early modern Sweden. The results show a higher death rate for adult women in all three burial places, indicating possible maternal deaths. Fetuses and small children were found in all cemeteries and potential evidence of medical knowledge were found in Nya L?d?se.

This thesis examines the presence of threats and violence directed towards animal welfare inspectors/ officers. The main tool is a survey regarding threats and violence directed at animal welfare inspectors/officers. The questionnaire was distributed to animal welfare inspectors/ officers who worked on 15 of the country's 21 provincial governments. The response rate of the survey was 68.9 percent. The main conclusion of the study is that threats and violence directed at animal welfare inspectors/ officers are common.

The agriculture in Sweden today uses chemical substances to control vermin, weed and diseases. This usage shows through polluted subsoil water and trace elements in the food we eat. There?s a risk that additional symptoms will arise in the future. Our product Sha Jun, developed in 2006-2007, is an attempt to try and minimize the need of chemicals in the agriculture. The idea started with the attempt to minimize the usage of pesticides on the cropland.

Objective: In recent years there has been an increasing interest within the clinical (medical) science in measuring people?s health. When estimating quality of life, present practise is to use the EQ-5D questionnaire and an index which weighs the different questions. The question is what happens if the individuals estimate there own health, would it differ from the public preferences? The aim is to make a new prediction model based on the opinion of patients and compare it to the present model based on public preferences.Method: A sample of 362 patients with unstable coronary artery disease from the Frisc II trial, valued their quality of life in the acute phase and after 3, 6 and 12 months.

In modern society in terms of economics and environmental impact, it is important to ensure that a company is as energy efficient as possible to reduce the amount of energy used. About 10 TWh of electricity used annually to pump drives in Swedish industry. Therefore, pumping system has great potential for energy savings.The objective of this report was to determine how much energy and money that can be saved with the insertion of variable speed drive to six pumps on Bleach plant 4 in Skutskär Mill. The work was performed with electrical measurements during one week, analysis of pump curves and the compilation of production data over a year.The results show that four of these six pumps were profitable and yielded an annual saving of 1172 MWh of electricity and 560 000 SEK. With an economic lifetime of 10 years and a discount rate of 6.8% the final result for the entire life-cycle savings became 3 355 000 SEK.

The report descripbs how a diplexer for a hybrid analog/digital filterbank has been constructed and tested. A diplexer divides the frequency band into two different bands that do not who doesn't overlapp each other. The sampling rate for the two ADC:s is 80 Msps, and therefore it is advantage to have zero at 80 MHz. The reason for this is that a proposed class of hybrid filterbanks with very good quality requires a zero at or close the sampling frequency to work well. The diplexer was made in three versions.

Syftet med studien var att jämföra skattad hanteringsförmåga och hälsorelateradlivskvalitet hos närstående till personer med kronisk hjärtsvikt och stroke. Ett annat syfte var också att studera om samband fanns mellan hanteringsförmågaoch hälsorelaterad livskvalitet.  Metod: En komparativ och korrelativdesign med kvantitativ ansats användes. För att mäta hanteringsförmåga ochhälsorelaterad livskvalitet användes Jalowiec Coping Scale (JCS) och Shortform- 36 (SF- 36). Urvalsgruppen för studien var närstående till patienter med kronisk hjärtsvikt och stroke (n = 46).

Bakgrund: Antalet patienter med hjärtsvikt kommer att öka i framtiden då fler äldre överlever en hjärtinfarkt vilket är en vanlig orsak till hjärtsvikt. Många patienter med hjärtsvikt väljer att vårdas i sitt hem vilket innebär en utmaning för distriktssköterskor i den kommunala hälso- och sjukvården. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att belysa distriktssköterskors stöd till patienter med svår hjärtsvikt som vårdas i hemmet inom kommunal hälso- och sjukvård. Metod: Genom intervjuer samlades data in från sex distriktssköterskor. Data analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys med induktiv ansats.

Bakgrund: Hjärtsvikt har dålig prognos och drabbar ett stort antal människor i Sverige. De som drabbas upplever många problematiska symtom och medicineringen har många biverkningar som kan vara svåra att leva med. Obehagliga känslor kan förvärra symtom hos personer med hjärtsvikt. Sjuksköteskan bör kunna identifiera känslor och förstå varför dessa uppstår hos personer med hjärtsvikt för att bättre kunna vårda dessa. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva hur personer som lever med hjärtsvikt beskriver sina känslor.

A severe profitability decline in sugar beet production in all of Europe is one of the consequences of the latest reform of the EU sugar regime. In south of Sweden, sugar beets is the crop that has been the most profitable by far for the last decade. The high profitability has contributed to the high rate of increase in the price of land and has restrained the structural change towards a more effective agriculture. Because of the reform, all sugar beet producers are facing diminishing income and must find ways to compensate this. The aim of this master thesis is to study how Swedish farmers adapt to the sugar beet reform. A questionnaire was sent to 354 randomly selected sugar beet producers.

Inbreeding, the mating of related individuals, has been the one dominating breeding strategy for dog breeders during the last 200 years. However, its negative effects on fer-tility and other fitness traits, a phenomenon called inbreeding depression, have been ignored in the quest of perfect unity in conformation or performance. The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that litter size is reduced as a consequence of in-breeding, affected by both the inbreeding coefficient of the dam and the litter and that a rapid increase in the inbreeding coefficient affects litter size more than a slower rate. Data were collected from the Swedish Kennel Club registry of origin. Breeds included in the study were the Bernese Mountain Dog, the Cocker Spaniel, the Golden Retriever, the Rottweiler and the West Highland White Terrier.