In Sweden, harvesting pre-commercial thinning (PCT) stems for energy purposes is a interesting way of financing the high cost of preparing dense stands for a profitable first conventional thinning. This concept can be labelled bioenergy thinning. The aim of this study was to quantify the productivity of a Vimek 404R light harvester with an accumulating Naarva-Grip cutting head during the bioenergy thinning of a self-regenerated stand west of Sunnansjö in Dalarna. The stand was birch-dominated, contained 15 371 stems/ha, and measured on average 4,6 cm Dbh and 7 m tall. Even though the driver was well experienced with the machine, the stand in question was the first one that he ever thinned in this manner. Nevertheless, the driver strived to accumulate as many stems as possible during each crane cycle and chose to cut taller stems in half so as to make the handling and forwarding of the harvested stems easier.

In this thesis, a transparent model of the human head has been constructed which was filled with a substance that represented the brain. This model was later crash tested. This was done in order to examine how a transparent model of the human head can be constructed to generate accurate data from crash tests. It was also done in order to examine how impacts on the front of the head can deform the rear of the brain. When a head is decelerating, the brain moves forward inside the skull and may hit the front of the skull.

In this thesis, a transparent model of the human head has been constructed which was filled with a substance that represented the brain. This model was later crash tested. This was done in order to examine how a transparent model of the human head can be constructed to generate accurate data from crash tests. It was also done in order to examine how impacts on the front of the head can deform the rear of the brain. When a head is decelerating, the brain moves forward inside the skull and may hit the front of the skull.

Arbetsbelastningen för föraren i en engreppsskördare är stor. Vid aptering måste föraren fokusera om blicken för att läsa av information från en Head-Down Display (HDD) samtidigt som föraren måste ha kontroll på kranspetsen vilket bidrar till arbetsbelastningen.Syftet med projektet var att undersöka om arbetsbelastningen i engreppsskördare reducerades med Head-Up Display (HUD) under aptering. Först testades fyra HUD-gränssnitt i en simulator, därefter omarbetades gränssnitten innan de slutligen testades i en engreppsskördare i fält. En HUD-demonstrator utvecklades för detta ändamål.Resultatet visade att arbetsbelastningen samt apteringstiderna minskade i simulatortestet med HUD jämfört med HDD. I fältstudien förblev arbetsbelastningen oförändrad men apteringstiderna minskade.Att arbetsbelastningen minskade med HUD jämfört med HDD kan bero på att HUD är bättre än HDD och/eller att konceptens gränssnitt är effektivare att arbeta med än Valmet Maxi gränssnittet.En HUD-demonstrator som fungerar under ljusstarka förhållanden och som tål påfrestningarna i en skördare borde utvecklas för vidare tester..

In this thesis, a transparent model of the human head has been constructed which was filled with a substance that represented the brain. This model was later crash tested. This was done in order to examine how a transparent model of the human head can be constructed to generate accurate data from crash tests. It was also done in order to examine how impacts on the front of the head can deform the rear of the brain. When a head is decelerating, the brain moves forward inside the skull and may hit the front of the skull.

This dissertation discusses head librarians in Swedish public libraries and the stress factors which affect them. The aim is to map out potential stress factors which head librarians come across in their day-to-day work. The purpose of the dissertation is to answer the following question: what stress factors affect library managers in Swedish public libraries? The dissertation was conducted through a literature study, informal interviews and a quantitative questionnaire. The results of the quantitative questionnaires show that the factor that produces the highest level of stress is having too many different tasks.

This study is an analysis of a survey that harvester operators working for SCA Ångermanland Skogsförvaltning have been participating in. The purpose of this study is to try to show the harvester operators opinion about the forestry planning that SCA provides. Hopefully will this information lead to suggestion about what part of the forestry planning needs to be improved, if any is needed? Unfortunately only 30 / 60 questionnaire has been returned so no conclusion can be made, except about those who have answered the survey. The answers of the survey indicate a number of areas that needs to be improved. The marked routes needs to be more visible and the education about timber landings must be enhanced.

When we started this study we quickly saw that almost all the previous research that we find was focused and concentrated on the fact that the employees should be motivated. The research also presents a top-down perspective which means from the head to the employee. A Swedish newspaper wrote in an article that 1/3 of all Swedish heads can?t motivate their employers. A Swedish internet platform discusses this and says that heads need to be motivated to be able to motivate people around himself.

The main purpose of this master thesis is to study the information support by the head office of the Swedish social insurance office to its administrators. The thesis only focuses on information that concerns laws, regulations and instructions. The study is based on an interview with the head of the division of law at the social insurance head office and a questionnaire answered by administrators in four different counties. The purpose with the interview was to find out about the information strategy of the head office and in the questionnaire the administrators could describe their opinion of their information support. Our special interest was the information channels and how the administrators were able to absorb the essential information.

Detta arbete behandlar mätteknik vid kontroll av dubbskadedjup på sågtimmer. Mätmetoder och mätverktyg har sammanställts och bedömts som lämpliga för olika mätsyften. Data rörande skadedjup från olika dubbtyper har sammanställts ifrån tidigare publicerade studier. Resultat från en egen kartläggning av dubbskadedjup på gran- och talltimmerstockar styrker en allmänt rådande uppfattning: Att de djupaste dubbskadorna uppstår närmast centrum av matarhjulens anliggningsyta mot timret om matarhjulen inte konstruerats med hänsyn till att utjämna matningskraften runt en så stor andel av stockens yta som möjligt. Eftersom heltäckande mätning av dubbskadedjup är tidsödande finns behov av att rationalisera mätproceduren.

Syftet med denna studie är att utföra en kritisk diskursanalys av ett urval konstkritiska texter som behandlar utställningarna Paul McCarthy: Head Shop/Shop Head från 2006 och Nationalmuseums Lust & Last från 2011. Utställningarna exemplifierar det jag kallar för den provokativa konstens diskurs. Genom analyserna vill jag se hur ett urval kritiker mottagit utställningarna samt ge en bild av den provokativa konstens diskurs med dessa två utställningar som exempel..

Improved wireless datacommunication with the forest machines might be the next big step in the logging process. The use for wireless communicationsystems within the forestry is among other things to report the production from the forest machines, to supply the machine opera-tors with the right information and for safety. CDMA2000/ 450 is a third generation mobilecommunicationsystem which could replace the old NMT- 450 and for comparatively low costs. The reason for the low costs is that you only have to use the old NMT- 450 masts and supply them with new equipment. In the test of CDMA2000/450, that has taken place in northern Uppland, two kind of files have been sent.

Profit in first commercial thinnings of today is hard to achieve. This is because of prevailing pulpwood prices and because of high costs of logging and transport. To reduce these costs higher productivity is advocated. One way to increase the productivity is the use of multi-tree handling Harvester heads. The aim of this study was to calculate logging and transport costs in first thinnings, where multi-tree handling has been used.

The requirements for operative planning activities are increasing. The forest industry wants to gain better control over wood flow. A felling that is more market adjusted is desirable. However, this causes problems in the operative planning process because of the data collection methods used today. Data about timber assortments and data about the distribution of the tree diameter, etc., are often lacking. Airborne laser scanning is used to a greater extent than before for estimation of forest variables and should perhaps be used to the same extent in operative planning activities as well.

In this study, 29 calves were dehorned by heat cauterisation at the age of 1 to 8 weeks. Before the procedure, the calves were given local anaesthetic but were not sedated. In connection with the dehorning, 14 calves were given the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) meloxicam and 15 calves were given placebo. During the following three days behavioural studies were performed to investigate if the different treatments had any effect on the calves´ postoperative behaviour. Head shakes, head rubs, kicks and ear flicks were studied, as earlier studies have shown that an increase in these behavioural patterns suggests postoperative pain.