Fossil fuels are affecting our climate negatively and there is a limited amount of them in the world, which leads to the importance of finding alternative fuels. One alternative is biogas, which is produced though a digestion process of different organic materials in a biogasreactor. Organic substrate that comes from farms has the biggest potential to increase the production of biogas in Sweden. Primarily crops from farms, but also waste products like manure are of great importance.Today there is a calculated theoretical potential for biogasproduction of 14TWh per year, which is around ten times larger than Sweden?s production today.

Konkurrensen på dagens varumarknad är hård, studier gjorda av bl. a. Robert G Cooper visar att en stor del av produktlanseringarna misslyckas. I denna hårda miljö har varumärket blivit ett allt viktigare konkurrensmedel och det som förmår att höja en produkt över en annan. Speciellt nya företag är hårt utsatta i denna miljö i och med att de ofta saknar de ekonomiska och organisatoriska resurser som de etablerade företagen innehar.

This master thesis project is a part of a project called ?Järboprojektet? at the regional board of forestry, the district of Gästrikland. The project will give answers to questions regarding if an analysis of satellite images can be used to contact and inform landowners of the located areas where precommercial thinning is useful. The whole project is a part of the National Board of Forestrys IT-stake where the analysis of satellite images will, at the latitudes possible, be adapted to each district in purpose to identify these areas in need of precommercial thinning. This master thesis project is based on a field inventory of identified objects where precommercial thinning is useful.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka om runstensbeståndet i Norge, Danmark och Mälardalen kan säga något om hur dessa områden kristnades. Skillnader mellan de olika områdena i antal runstenar och själva runinskrifternas innehåll tolkas mot bakgrund av den historiska kontext de restes i. Norge och Danmark har relativt få runstenar med kristet budskap och än färre som hänvisar till eskatologiska föreställningar medan Mälardalens runstenars inskrifter påfallande ofta fokuserar på själens öde efter döden. I Norge och Danmark anses allmänt människorna ha konverterat efter påtryckningar från olika kungar. I Mälardalen anses dock kungar med sådan makt att de kunnat framtvinga ett religionsbyte ha saknats under den aktuella tiden.Ett tänkbart scenario som kan förklara dessa skillnader presenteras mot bakgrund av detta.

Organic rearing of broilers is not a large production in Sweden. In order to create a sustainable yet efficient production of organically produced poultry meat, at a price that the consumers are willing to pay, much more knowledge is needed. It is therefore important to do more research on organic broilers under Swedish conditions. This report is aimed to be a base for further studies. In the study 2000 broilers of the hybrid Ross 308 divided in to two equal groups. The broiler hybrids that are used in Sweden are selected for a high growth rate and are normally slaughtered at the age of 5 to 6 weeks, with a slaughter weight of 1.7-2 kg.

Bakgrund och problem: Banker är en viktig institution i vårt samhälle, och i den senaste finanskrisen var bankerna en viktig aktör. Detta i och med de subprime-lån som var en av orsakerna till krisen utbrott, vars redovisning inte innehöll tillräckligt med information om riskerna. Som ett gensvar på den pågående krisen valde IASB att göra förändringar i IFRS 7, som behandlar upplysningar av finansiella instrument. Krisen vittnar om att bankers agerande kan medföra stora konsekvenser för samhället. De som är anställda inom bank har därför ett stort samhällsansvar, eftersom redovisningen av risker, trots ändringen i IRFS 7, lämnar utrymme för subjektiva bedömningar av vilken information som skall tillföras den.

Higher demands of competitiveness and efficiency have led to increasing sizes of farms, with more land, more capital and more comprehensive logistics. The aim is to gain benefits of scale economies that reduce the production cost per unit. However, a greater extent of the business exposes the farm of increased risk where small deviations rapidly can erase the benefits. A modern dairy farm thus put high demands on the farmer?s ability to coordinate, plan and manage the forage production through the whole process until storage to obtain silage of the desired quality and quantity at the right price. The objective of this study was to design a simple model, i.e.

Arkitektur a?r en scen fo?r liv. Den skapar mo?jligheter, formar fo?rutsa?ttningar. Denna byggnad a?r ritad utifra?n barn, fo?r att underso?ka vad det kan ge arkitektur att utga? fra?n ett specifikt subjekt, samt hur arkitekturen kan agera fo?r det subjektet och understo?dja dess behov.Utformningen har a?ven, pa? en sto?rre skala, utga?tt fra?n en fra?gesta?llning om hur en byggnad kan agera i stadsrummet, hur intentioner kan o?versa?ttas, hur tydlighet kan vara genero?s.Projektet tar sta?llningen att generella rum som ska vara ?bra fo?r allt? a?ven blir lika da?ligt fo?r allt.

The development of our time, is due to great progresses in technology and an enormous ex-plosion of knowledge, has lead to an increased effort of our attention as a result of a boundless torrent of information . Higher productivity and efficiency in our workplaces and homes crea-tes fewer opportunities for rest, leading to a community where stress has become a national disease. Recreation is an important part of our lives in order to be able to deal with stress and is now considered to be an essential resource when it comes to sustainable development. Green spaces are therefore today viewed to play a considerable roll for the national health. Nature has proven to have positive influence on man which leads to a decrease in blood pressure, an increase in power of concentration and lowered production of stress hormones.

The following thesis is a study of the forest history on the island of Ängsön-Marskär concentrating on the last three hundred years. The island is located in the administrative province of Stockholm, the local community of Haninge and it is situated approximately seven kilometres east of the island Ornö in the south of the Stockholm archipelago. The questions this thesis attempts to answer are: How where the natural resources on Ängsön-Marskär used through the centuries? How has the state of the forests developed since the 16th century? How will the nature develop onwards? The thesis is based on archival sources for Ängsön-Marskär and the surrounding areas. A field study was conducted where the entire island was investigated using an objective forest inventory method. The first map material existing over Ängsön-Marskär is from the year 1711.

Fossila bränslen har sedan de upptäcktes konkurrerat ut biomassa som den huvudsakliga energikällan. Framförallt i trafiksektorn har drivmedel som härstammar från fossil olja varit dominerande. Främst på grund av deras fördelar mot biomassan såsom tillgänglighet, pris, energidensitet och enkelhet att användas i en förbränningsmotor. Men dessa drivmedel innehåller kolatomer som inte längre är en del av det naturliga kretsloppet och vid förbränning leder detta till nettotillskott av koldioxid till atmosfären. Utsläpp av koldioxid utgör den största antropogena inverkan på den accelererande växthuseffekt världen upplever vilket kommer att medföra förödande klimatändringar.

Two field experiments were conducted in central Sweden in order to: 1) Determine a relationship between the number of approaching pine weevils (Hylobius sp.) and the number of attacks by pine weevils, in relation to the size of seedlings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). 2) Determine if application of methyljasmonate (MJ) on seedlings of Scots pine will result in higher resistance towards attacks by pine weevils and/or have any effect on the number of approaching pine weevils. The field experiments were designed with two separate parts in close vicinity on the same clear cuttings: a) pitfall traps placed in patches of scarified soil that caught approaching pine weevils at 2.5 cm from the bait, which consisted of different sized seedlings of Scots pine some of which were subjected to application of MJ and b) the same type of seedlings planted out in patches of scarified soil. The first field experiment was conducted on a 1-year old clear cutting outside Uppsala in east central Sweden and the trapping part of the experiment consisted of 8 blocks with 6 treatments: 1) control, 2) small over-wintered seedling, 3) medium sized seedling, 4) medium sized seedling treated with 0.5 ml 100 mmol MJ 4 days prior to start of experiment, 5) large seedling, 6) vial with 9.5 ml of ?-pinene. The trapping experiment lasted for 6 weeks in the early summer.

Fossil fuels are affecting our climate negatively and there is a limited amount of them in the world, which leads to the importance of finding alternative fuels. One alternative is biogas, which is produced though a digestion process of different organic materials in a biogasreactor. Organic substrate that comes from farms has the biggest potential to increase the production of biogas in Sweden. Primarily crops from farms, but also waste products like manure are of great importance.Today there is a calculated theoretical potential for biogasproduction of 14TWh per year, which is around ten times larger than Sweden?s production today.

Sub-lethal doses of neonicotinoids have been shown to negatively impact the health of honeybees. However, most studies to date have exposed bees only artificially to these pesticides under laboratory conditions. There have been just a few well designed and replicated studies of the impacts of realistic neonicotinoid exposure on honeybees foraging under field conditions. In order to close this knowledge gap, and to test the influence of the neonicotinoid clothianidin on honeybees, we used a study system of 16 paired, spatially separated (>4 km) spring oilseed rape fields in the south of Sweden. The fields were paired according to land use, the surrounding landscape and geographical proximity, using GIS.

Det finns vissa risker förenat med att vara resenär ombord på en färja. Att resa med ett passagerarfartyg har mer och mer utvecklats till en fritidsaktivitet där själva resandet ofta är av underordnad betydelse. Tidigare forskning visar att cirka 13 procent av passagerarna inte tar till sig den allra viktigaste säkerhetsinformationen. Attityden bland passagerare verkar vara en något likgiltig inställning till säkerhetsinformation, trots tidigare olyckor. Syftet är att studera passagerarnas attityder till säkerhetsinformation ombord på en nattfärja som trafikerar Sverige-Finland.