Denna uppsats presenterar tre designförslag på samplanteringar med barrväxter i fokus. Designförslagen är gjorda till tre fiktiva platser med olika ståndort i växtzon 5, en liten entréplantering i västerläge med kalkhaltig jord, en mellanstor plantering i söderslänt med sandblandad jord och en parkplantering med fuktig jord med ett lågt pH-värde. Platserna är valda med tanken att läsarna ska kunna inspireras att använda barrväxter i olika typer av planteringar och trädgårdar. Till grund för växtvalen har gjorts en litteraturstudie inom området barrväxter, med fokus på barrväxters ståndort och hur de fungerar i samplanteringar med perenner och lignoser. Bakom designförslagen ligger även en idé om att hitta lite nya sätt att använda barrväxter, detta för att inte göra upprepningar av de skötselfria planteringarna med barrväxter som blev så oerhört populära på 70-talet och som delvis givit barrväxter ett dåligt rykte.

The aim of this work is to demonstrate how the net present value (NPV) at the time of the first thinning depends on the spacing after pre-commercial thinning, and show how net value from first thinning in same stand is influenced. This study is performed with models based on non-distant dependent growth models for single trees. Two different growth models have been used, one for cleaning (pre-commercial thinning) and one for thinning. The first one yields stem density distributed over diameter classes. In the second one, (the thinning model), it is possible to choose when thinning should be done, the thinning method, thinning grade and numbers of thinning.

In three areas in the province of Småland studies has been done to investigate how big damage the moose may do to P. abies. An inquiry examination and two different types of surveys were done to find out how big area, which volume and which financial consequences the moose debarking has had on the forest. When the volume was calculated the rot spreading was included. The area that was damaged was stipulated with the answers from the inquiry examination. 59 % of the asked forest owners answered the inquiry.

In time with HolmenSkog district Egenskog Norrköping´s decreasing mountain of cleaning, the office started to look around for new alternative cleaning strategies to lower the costs connected with cleaning. One option was to make the inventory strategy more effective and after a phonecall with the head of the district, Jonnie Friberg, the planning started to try inventory in pictures taken from a helicopter. The pictures was at last taken from a digtal camera and the vegetationheight was mesured with a laser. The gear was supplied from Kallax Flyg AB, Luleå. In the trial 15 stands was selected depended on age and different mixtures between pine (Pinus sylvestris), spruce (Picea abies) and birch (Betula pubescense and Betula pendula).

This study has taken place in two nature reserves in the municipality of Uppvidinge in the Kronoberg region in southern Sweden. These have been chosen by the County Administrative Board to be part of a bigger landscape of fire affected nature, and prescribed fire has been implemented in these. The areas are called Ösjöbol and Berga fly and have been burned 2012 and 2013 respectively. Non-burned areas have been inventoried as well. Vascular plants and mineral soil have been inventoried with the Hult-Sernander-Du Rietz scale of five levels. Issues emanate from the County Administrative Board?s goals for prescribed fire: how sticks and herbs were affected, how much soil was uncovered, how the structure and fire favoured species were affected, and how deciduous trees and spruces (Picea abies) were affected. The study shows that the soil increased, as well as the fire favoured species.

Maskinell markberedning följt av manuell plantering är den vanligaste föryngringsrutinen efter en föryngringsavverkning i Sverige. Många av de forskningsrön som dagens markberednings- och planteringsinstruktioner bygger på är baserade på äldre fältexperiment. Uppföljningar av praktiska föryngringar i fält kan bidra med kompletterande kunskap över vilka svårigheter som finns beroende på ståndort, terrängförhållanden etc. Dessa erfarenheter kan sedan användas till att utvärdera gällande arbetsrutiner och instruktioner. Syftet med detta examensarbete var att utvärdera kvaliteten i det praktiska markberednings- och planteringsarbetet på SCA:s mark i Norrland.

Wood has always been an important material for people, and it is used for many applications. As for example, fuel for cooking and heating houses, construction materials and for constructing means of transport. Since wood also is a material that with time biologically degrades due to activity by micro organisms and wood fungi it is important to find ways to protect and further lengthen the life span of the material when in service. One method is to decrease the amount of water in the material by impregnation with an hydrophobic oil. The Linotech method which uses only pure linseed oil is one such possible method. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility to at the same time impregnate and stain/colour wood samples of pine and spruce by using the Linotech method.

This study investigates whether the site index curve method (SICM) and the growth intercept method (GIM) can be used for site index predictions in younger Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands than recommended by current guidelines. For SICM it was thus investigated whether the method could be used for stands younger than ten years, and for GIM it was tested whether a starting point for the intercept measurements could be used below the recommended 2.5 meter. This was tested based on measurements taken from experimental stands in Tönnersjöheden Research Forest. For GIM it was found that the method can only be used when the TH-trees of a stand have five complete intercepts above 2.5 meters. For the method to be applicable beyond this, it will be necessary to adapt the underlying equations, perhaps following the Canadian example where a 1.3 meter intercept start is used. In conclusion it is not currently possible to apply the approach beyond the current recommendations. For SICM, SI predictions are accurate for the study area already form year three.

Secondary deciduous forests, which have their origin in earlier pasture- and meadow-land in slopes along the lower reaches of the Ume river, are thought to contain high nature conservation values, in spite of a relatively low age. The aim of this study was to clarify how factors as historical use, exposition, disturbance dynamics and successional age influences the conservation values in these types of riparian forests and how this can be implicated in the practical work with conservation and management at Umeå municipality. Sample plots were placed in seven stands with a variation of their historical use, exposition, disturbance dynamics and age of succession. Conservation values as structure, tree-regeneration, abundance and composition of vascular plants, amount of dead wood and the abundance of signal-species were measured and registered. The species composition and especially the composition of tree species, differed between forests with different exposition and different historical use.

Med hjälp av såg- och borrprover studerades åldern på 41 granar och en tall i Siggaboda naturreservat i sydligaste Småland, med syfte att undersöka granens etablering och döende på lokalen. Vidare har reservatet delats in i tre områden för att undersöka om några geografiska skillnader i granarnas etablerings- och dödsår förekommer. Analysarbetet utfördes på Nationella laboratoriet för vedanatomi och dendrokronologi vid Lunds universitet. På lokalen har tidigare bland annat en pollenanalys utförts (Björkman & Bradshaw 1996) samt en kombinerad pollenanalytisk och dendrokronologisk studie (Hannon et al. 2010).

The effect of methyl jasmonate on resistance against the large pine weevil (Hylobius abietis) in Scots pine and Norway spruce seedlings. A field experiment was conducted in order to determine the dose-response effects of methyl jasmonate (MJ) on growth and defence to pine weevils in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) and to compare the effect of MJ between pine and spruce. In addition a complementary greenhouse experiment was conducted with the same aims as above and to determine the amount of resin ducts and their correlation to the feeding of pine weevils. The field experiment was conducted on a fresh clear cutting in Garpenberg, southern Dalarna in central Sweden. The experiment consisted of 30 blocks with three kinds of containerized seedlings: 2-year old spruce, small pine (before shoot elongation) and 1-year old pine (already shoot elongated). They were all exposed to 4 treatments 14 days prior to the experiment: control, 25 mM/L MJ, 50 mM/L MJ and 100 mM/L MJ. Data on weevil damage and seedling growth were collected after the first and the second growing season. The seedlings in the greenhouse experiment were of the same kind and were exposed to the same treatment as the ones in the field experiment.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka möjligheten att producera virke av gran som enbart består av kärnved och därmed öka kvaliteten för fasadvirke.För att uppnå syftet har flera olika metoder kombinerats. Metoderna var enkät, analys av data från experiment, simulering och validering.Kärnvedens diameter beror på ålder/antal årsringar och årsringsbredd. Bredare årsringar närmst märgen innebär en större diameter kärnved vid kärnvedsbildningen och en större diameter kärnved vid avverkning.Det är möjligt att producera virke av gran som enbart består av kärnved. Det innebär emellertid att omloppstiderna kan behöva bli längre för att uppnå dimensioner av 120 ? 195 mm breda brädor och reglar.

This study was made in an attempt to give the forest research centre Mógilsá a producedtetratherm map and a better understanding of how topography and temperature influencethe growth of two tree species. The digital tetratherm map model, covering the northernpart of Iceland, was developed to investigate the correlation between tetratherm and thegrowth of Picea sitchensis and Larix (sukaczewii + sibirica). The study confirms theusefulness of digital terrain models in providing data for a lot of different factors and forthe tetratherm model. Hopefully will this tetratherm map be used in future studies.Secondly, investigations were made correlating the growth of the two species againsttopographic factors representing height above sea level, distance to the sea, slope andtopex. Thirdly, investigations were made comparing the aspect and the ground shape tothe growth.The growth rate of Larix had strong significant correlations to the tetratherm and thedistance to the sea- factors.

På uppdrag av skogsstyrelsen skall beräkning av framtida potential för uttag av skogsbränsle (GROT) vid slutavverkning av skog göras. Skogsbränsle utgörs till stor del av GROT som är avverkningsrester i form av GRenar Och Toppar. Flera faktorer påverkar hur mycket skogsbränsle det blir vid uttag efter avverkning. Stora snabbväxande träd har en större gren- och barrmassa. I detta arbete har lämplig mark, beståndens ålder och sammansättning selekterats ut med hjälp av GIS för att erhålla största möjliga volym GROT.

Vintrarna 2005 och 2007 drabbades södra Sverige av stormarna Gudrun och Per. Konsekven¬serna blev förödande framförallt för skogsbruket. Redan före stormarna fanns det mycket stora arealer ungskog i behov av röjning i Sverige. En av anledningarna till att svenska skogs¬ägare hamnat efter med röjningen var att röjningsplikten i skogsvårdslagen avskaffades år 1994. Sex år efter Gudrunstormen är tiden snart inne för förstaröjning av många av de gamla stormhyggena.