Denna rapport är resultatet av ett examensarbete som utfördes våren 2011 på Renova i Göteborg. Examensarbetets övergripande syfte är att visa hur man bäst tillvaratar energi i matavfall ur klimatsynpunkt. Klimatpåverkan redovisas ur ett såväl lokalt som ett globalt systemperspektiv och mäts i koldioxidekvivalenter (CO2e). I det lokala systemperspektivet inkluderas endast klimatpåverkan från energianvändningen samt produktionen i Göteborg, med andra ord inkluderas endast skorstensemissionerna. I det globala systemperspektivet inkluderas alla emissioner som uppstår vid omhändertagande av matavfall såväl lokalt som globalt och det är ur detta systemperspektiv som den verkliga klimatpåverkan redovisas.I studien presenteras tre olika behandlingsscenarion för omhändertagande av den energi som finns matavfall.

Diabetes type 2 is a fast growing illness and a global health problem, often a result from less appropriate standard of living. Lifestyle changes related to diet and physical activity are important lifestyle changes regarding to get control of the self-management and to avoid vascular complications.AimThe aim of this study was to describe patient's experiences of lifestyle changes in diabetes type 2.MethodA literature study was carried through based on 12 qualitative scientific articles.ResultsThe analysis result into two main themes and eight subthemes. Main themes where barriers and motivators for lifestyle changes and the subthemes where struggle, denial, lack of knowledge, alienation, support, motivation, acceptance and knowledge.ConclusionThis study shows that lifestyle changes are experienced different by patient with diabetes and nurses should therefore be aware of the unique and specific demands these patients require. This is important for providing a good diabetic healthcare and to help patients with their self-management.

Bakgrund: Övervikt och fetma är en global epidemi. Fetma kan orsakas av arv, miljö och beteendemässiga faktorer. Övervikt kanleda till flera följdsjukdomar. Viktminskning kan ge ökad livskvalité pch psykiskt välbefinnande. Ur ett hälsoekonomiskt perspektiv är det av vikt att det hälsofrämjande arbetet startar tidigt i barndomen.

This thesis examines organisations as mediators and how different kinds of organisations have different prerequisites to act as mediators. Global, regional and subregional organisations are often asked to mediate in conflicts, but considering the circumstances, who should mediate?In a mediating process the mediator should be considered as important an actor as the disputing parties and should hence be scrutinized as one. Mediation is a complex subject to study and theoretically the opinions differ on what characterises a good mediator. I have taken many of the different views in consideration and constructed a model from which organisations and their prerequisites can be compared and evaluated.

English is an international and global language that students, regardless of mother tongue, encounter in their everyday lives. In Sweden, students are introduced to English teaching in year 1, 2 or 3, and in some cases, year 4. English teaching can sometimes be problematic when the language of instruction often consists of Swedish, which for second language students becomes a challenge to acquire new skills in a week language.The study aims to examine, with a qualitative study, how pedagogues plan and implements English teaching in first grade with students whose mother tongue are other than Swedish. Further, the aim was to examine how pedagogues say they relate to the fact that second language pupils participating in English lessons and if they think it affects their English teaching.The conclusions is that the pedagogues has probably not been problematized the phenomenon examined and say they do not adapt their teaching. In the interviews reveals information about the teaching method which, in my opinion, indicates that, unconsciously, adapting their teaching when they have second language students.

Tuberkulos är en mycket smittsam sjukdom som överförs via luften och ses som ett globalt problem trots att tuberkulosfallen har minskat. Syftet med C-uppsatsen var att belysa smittspridning, sjukvården och sjuksköterskans roll i nosocomial tuberkulos. Metoden som användes var en systematisk litteraturstudie där huvudresultat från artiklarna sattes in under subkategorier och kategorier. Resultatet innefattar 15 vetenskapliga artiklar där sju använde sig av kvalitativa metoder och åtta av kvantitativa metoder. Huvudresultatet redovisar att sjuksköterskor har ett stort ansvar i att bekämpa tuberkulos och att det är större risk att drabbas av tuberkulos vid arbete inom sjukvården.

AimThe aim with this study was to acquire knowledge of mental training and if you can use it in the elementary school to increase in a short period of time the performance in a coordination test. Furthermore we wanted to investigate teachers understanding of the possibilities to perform this kind of training in the elementary school, and if there is support for this in the school regulation.MethodAs method we have used a combination of a literature pre-study, interview and at the end an experiment. Before the experiment and interviews could take place we studied literature about mental training to get a basic knowledge of the subject. The facts we learned from our pre-study and interviews gave us the base for our experiment. The experiment group included 23 pupils in a third class at school situated in Stockholm.

In this text I will work on three situations from my daily work as a pedagogue at preschool. The situations are about how pedagogues at preschool relate to children in difficult situations, e.g. when they pee in their pants or long for their pacifier. Those are situations which occur frequently at preschool, but they are still rarely coming up for discussions. The problem in the situations is difficult to describe which makes the essay a suitable form for me to explore and discuss it.

BackgroundIncreased prevalence of obesity in children- and young adults and risk for diseases related to obesity will increase the burden on medical care. It is important to identify early risk factors that can be noticed by nurses in the daily work.AimThe aim was to investigate whether children- and young adults themselves perceive overweight as a problem and if there was a difference in the measured activity levels between overweight children- and young adults in families with different socio-economic family status.Method descriptionExisting survey from the Obesity Centre at the Akademiska Sjukhuset were examined together with the results from an accelerometer, where children- and young adults activity was recorded, compared to their perception of how active they were. The results were compared using a statistical software program and compiled with descriptive and non-parametric statistics.ResultsThe results do suggest that the majority of children- and young adults experiencing excessive weight have a problem in their everyday lives. Nearly half overestimate themselves as more active than what the actual measurements with accelerometer demonstrated. Much time is spent in front of the TV and computers.

Bakomliggande intresset för denna uppsats utgår ifrån frågan vilka motiv kommuner har för regionalt turismsamarbete. Samarbete har uppmärktsammats inom turismutveckling för att konkurrensen mellan destinationer har blivit global. Teorier om motiv för regionalt turismsamarbete har verklighetsprövats och jämförts mellan kommunerna Karlskrona och Karlshamn. Intervjuer med respektive turistchef genomfördes och teorierna som valts som utgångspunkt skiljde sig inte i allt för stor utmärkelse från resultatet. Resultat för motiv till regionalt turismsamarbete uppvisade att främsta motiven var; ekonomiska besparingar, utöka regionen med fler attraktioner samt för att skapa konkurrensfördelar gentemot andra regioner.

Background: Following an increased awareness concerning social and environmental aspectsin society, more enterprises establish sustainability reports in order to inform theirstakeholders about the company?s sustainability duties. A previous study indicates that themetal sector is enjoying relatively limited increases in business opportunities and/or financialvalue of corporate responsibility. Another study suggests that there is a gap in expectationsbetween producers and users of sustainability reports due to an uncertainty regarding whatinformation such reports should contain and what audience such reports should target. Thequestion is whether or not a gap in expectations concerning sustainability reporting is acontributing factor to the limited increases in financial value in the metal sector?Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine how a sustainability report should becarried out by a company in the steel industry given what information the company and thestakeholders consider as essential in a sustainability report.Methodology: To accomplish the purpose of the study, a deductive approach was used due tothe availability of suitable theories.

Problembakgrund: Det har visat sig att intresset för miljöproblemen har minskat och ämnet måste kommuniceras för att en större förändring ska kunna ske. Medierna och miljöorganisationerna har en viktig roll i kommunikationen av miljöproblem. Därför är det intressant att undersöka hur kommunikationen ser ut från en miljöorganisations sida.Syfte: Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka vad Naturskyddsföreningen har för huvudsakliga budskap i sina kampanjfilmer för att öka förståelsen hos människor.Metod: I denna studie tillämpas den kvalitativa metoden kritisk diskursanalys.Teori: De teorier som undersökningen bygger på är kommunikationsteori, diskursteori, retorik samt visuell kommunikation.Slutsats: Utifrån de resultat vi fått fram genom vår analys kan vi urskiljatvå huvudsakliga budskap i Naturskyddsföreningenskampanjfilmer vilka är miljö och hälsa. Inom dessa budskapanvänder de sig av argument på både lokal och global nivå. Vihar i denna studie även kunnat titta på vilka retoriska ochvisuella redskap som använts.Naturskyddsföreningen.

We have seen a revolution in the area of communication on a worldwide scale. We begin talking about terms as globalisation, integration and deregulation of the financial market. Companies have been tax planning for decades, the questions is if Internet has made an increase of companies than uses tax planning and which roll Internet plays. It is hard to really pinpoint all the effects of the Internet because of the relatively new area of research. This thesis will take various factors under study such as globalisation, development of the offshore industry and the fight against harmful taxation by the OECD and other organisations in order to describe the effects of Internet.

A design methodology to mitigate timing problems due to long wire delays is proposed. The timing problems are taking care of at architecture level instead of layout level in this design method so that no change is needed when the whole design goes to backend design. Hence design iterations are avoided by using this design methodology. The proposed design method is based on STARI architecture, and a novel initialization mechanism is proposed in this paper. Low frequency global clock is used to synchronize the communication and PLLs are used to provide high frequency working clocks.

In the year of 2001, China launched their new international marketing strategy Going Global. As an effect of this, the frequency of Chinese establishments in Sweden has increased heavily in the last ten years. One of the larger Chinese establishments in Sweden happened in 2003, by the telecom company Huawei. This essay illustrates the obstacles that a Chinese company faces when setting up their business on the Swedish market. Previous studies have focused on Swedish establishment abroad.