In Europe, the central governments are the ones to coordinate the international standards and strategies regarding GPP; Green Public Procurement. However in Spain a GPP program was introduced late and only applied to the Central Government Institutions, (AGEA) (BOE nr. 027, 2008). These means that smaller administrations, such as, Autonomous Regions, Municipalities and Town Councils were not included in the program. The absence of a national program which excludes those governments made them introduce their own criteria for GPP, and the difference in criteria varies from one government to the other.

This thesis examines how marketing by secondhand apps affects young adult women's consumption habits, investigating whether these platforms promote or counteract overconsumption. While the secondhand market is considered more sustainable than buying new, these apps may still encourage overconsumption. The study focuses on the marketing strategies of three major secondhand apps in Sweden: Tradera, Sellpy, and Vinted, analyzing their impact on consumer behavior using the AIDA model (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action). Based on qualitative interviews with eleven women aged 20-27 and the authors observations of the apps marketing activities, the study finds that secondhand apps often emphasize environmental benefits and makes secondhand shopping accessible and appealing. However, the marketing tactics used by these apps, including frequent push notifications, targeted advertisements, and influencer collaborations, may lead to increased consumption. Overconsumption causes significant environmental damage, and while the secondhand market can mitigate these effects by extending the lifecycle of items, the emphasis on convenience end environmental benefits can inadvertently encourage more consumption. The study concludes that secondhand apps play a complex role in consumer behavior, balancing the potential for sustainability with the risk of promoting overconsumption.

Skärgårdsstiftelsen, which is responsible for several of the archipelago islands in Stockholm, has chosen to explore the possibilities for more sustainable heating systems in buildings on the islands in collaboration with KTH. A reduction of energy use and improving the efficiency of existing heating systems are included as part of the environmental work. This report studies the island of Grinda, which is located outside the area of Vaxholm in Stockholm. The study area consists of a guesthouse consisting of a restaurant as well as conference facilities and four neighboring cottages used for overnighting. The cottages now run solely on direct electricity, both for heating and hot water.

Although English is commonly used in Swedish advertising, little is known about its effects. The purpose of this paper was to investigate how a Swedish or English language choice in product advertisements affects the effectiveness of the ad. Further, a local/global dimension of the advertisement was created to investigate how the results differ for local and global brands. Subsequently, an experiment was conducted where the effect of language choice on several well-established measures of ad effectiveness such as awareness, comprehension of the ad message, credibility, attitude and buying intentions was analyzed. In line with previous research, English in product advertisements is not completely comprehended since English is not the local language in Sweden.

Uppsatsen undersöker hur horisontella governancestrukturer påverkar olika mekanismer för metagovernance. Fokus för undersökningen är Eskilstuna kommun som valt att förändra synen på styrning från vertikal till horisontell, från government till governance. Då metagovernance innebär indirekt och informell styrning i pågående processer studerades just en pågående process där tjänstemän under nätverksliknande former skulle utforma en handlingsplan. Uppdraget var initierat från den politiska nivån.Undersökningen är uppdelad i två delar. Den första delen är en allmänt inriktad respondentundersökning som handlar om de förändrade strukturerna i organisationen.

This project was conducted on behalf of the organization SABO (Swedish Association of Public Housing Companies). The aim of this project was to investigate which relevant environmental aspects and indicators there are for housing companies to present in their sustainability report. The project consists of three main goals: to decide if there is a need for common guidelines when conducting a sustainability report, determine appropriate environmental indicators and to create a simple model of how the companies can present them. This was done by a literature study, analysis of 13 sustainability reports and interviews with seven housing companies. The result of the project suggests that there is a need for common guidelines to, among other things, make it easier to make a comparison with other companies.

Titel:Att förmedla budskap med Steel - Hur SSABs anställda uppfattar personaltidningenFörfattare:Tobias Anderberg och Daniel KarlssonUppdragsgivare:Svenskt stål AB (SSAB)Kurs:Examensarbete i Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap vid Göteborgsuniversitet, Institutionen för journalistik, medier och kommunikationTermin:Vårterminen 2011Handledare:Jonas OhlssonSidantal:45 sidor, 11 616 ordSyfte:Att ta reda på om företagets personaltidning förmedlar mål, vision ochvärderingar så att de anställda identifierar demMetod:Kvantitativ webbenkätMaterial:Webbenkät med 293 svarande av totalt 712 anställdaHuvudresultat:Resultatet visar att budskapen om mål, vision och värderingar i Steel kan identifieras av läsarna. Steel upprätthåller denna kunskap. Det är inte någon stor skillnad på vad de anställda tycker om tidningen sett till vilket affärsområde de arbetar i. Det som de allra flest förväntar sig och får är kunskap om SSAB. De flesta anställda förväntar sig dock mer än vad deanser sig få ut av tidningen.

There is an irregularity in the interregional migration in Sweden. An increasing proportion ofthe population is drawn to the metropolitan areas, which creates problems for the smallermunicipalities and towns when their population declines. At the same time, our whole societyis faced with a great challenge: we need to redirect towards a sustainable development, wherethe environmental issues are discussed and dealt with to secure that all present and futuregenerations are given equal opportunities to live a good life.The aim of this study is to, focusing mainly on the environmental dimension of thesustainability concept, examine the attractivity of housing with sustainability claims. Toanswer this, three research questions were used:? Was the migration motive to reduce their environmental impact a part of the decision tomove, among migrants who had moved to housing with sustainability claims?? If the motive was a part of the decision, how much impact did it have compared to othermigration motives?? Which factors in housing aiming at sustainability are considered important by peopleliving in housing with sustainability claims?The research questions have been answered using quantitative data, gained in the form of selfadministeredquestionnaires which were distributed in four different residential areas withsustainability claims in the county of Västra Götaland, Sweden.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has recently become increasingly important for companies to integrate into their ongoing work. CSR is about social, environmental- and financial responsibilities. The tourism industry often involves large impacts especially on environmental and social factors, which is why CSR-work plays an important role according to previous studies. One trend that has increased among consumers in the tourism industry during recent years is to travel to the lowest possible price. It has for example become increasingly common to book airfare by budget airlines.

Disinfection methods for drinking-water produced at the two water works of Stockholm Water Co are compared in this study. Three different nethods are compared; disinfection with chlorine gas, disinfection with sodium hypochlorite and disinfection with UV-light and monochloramine. The method used is Life cycle assessment, LCA. LCA is defined as the compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs and potential environmental impact of a product system shroughout its life cycle. The environmental burden is compared for the three different disinfection methods.

There is an irregularity in the interregional migration in Sweden. An increasing proportion ofthe population is drawn to the metropolitan areas, which creates problems for the smallermunicipalities and towns when their population declines. At the same time, our whole societyis faced with a great challenge: we need to redirect towards a sustainable development, wherethe environmental issues are discussed and dealt with to secure that all present and futuregenerations are given equal opportunities to live a good life.The aim of this study is to, focusing mainly on the environmental dimension of thesustainability concept, examine the attractivity of housing with sustainability claims. Toanswer this, three research questions were used:? Was the migration motive to reduce their environmental impact a part of the decision tomove, among migrants who had moved to housing with sustainability claims?? If the motive was a part of the decision, how much impact did it have compared to othermigration motives?? Which factors in housing aiming at sustainability are considered important by peopleliving in housing with sustainability claims?The research questions have been answered using quantitative data, gained in the form of selfadministeredquestionnaires which were distributed in four different residential areas withsustainability claims in the county of Västra Götaland, Sweden.

The possibility for plants to utilize phosphorus in soil is a prerequisite for conducting agricultural production, both small scale and professional. Spreading of phosphorus fertilizers and manure is therefore seen as a necessity in today's agriculture in order to achieve high yield. Manure management, livestock farming and manure storage could contribute to the eutrophication of lakes and rivers. For instance, when the ground becomes saturated, phosphorus leakage could be seen in surface runoff or in point sources resulting from inadequate manure storage management.In the municipality of Växjö there is still many bodies of water that do not reach the Swedish environmental water quality standard of "good ecological status". This thesis has therefore analyzed the manure management and storage on agricultural farms which may have contributed to eutrophication in the municipality.The method for this thesis was a literature study, a questionnaire survey with 820 receivers and a summary of issued inspection reports from 2013.The results highlight the ways in which agriculture may have contributed to the eutrophication of lakes and streams in the municipality of Växjö.

Bakgrund: Rörliga ersättningar och så kallade bonusar har varit väldigt debatterat i Sverige sedan finanskrisen 2008 och åsikten huruvida de de är av positivt karaktär eller inte är delad. Bonus har blivit vanligare och vanligare i Sverige under den senaste tiden samtidigt som företagsledarens lön växt i snabbare takt än den genomsnittlige inkomsttagaren. Den finns en hel del forskning gjord inom området men många visar olika resultat och kommer fram till skilda slutsatser. Problemet är att det är svårt att jämföra bonusar mellan varandra. Dessutom finns det ett metodproblem eftersom det finns många andra faktorer förutom bonussystemet som spelar in på företagets framgång som kan vara svåra att bortse ifrån i en studie.Problem: Frågan om ett incitamentsprogram fyller sin funktion finns att hitta i litteraturen i corporate governance och därför är forskningsfrågan: Hur relaterar SEB:s incitamentsprogram för ledande befattningshavare till litteraturen i corporate governance?Syfte: Syftet med studien är att i en jämförelse med litteraturen och utformningen av SEB:s incitamentsprogram analysera skillnader och undersöka vad de kan betyda ur ett effektivitetsperspektiv.

The crucial factor for successful municipal climate work is that there are driving forces. Most importantly is that the senior officials and politicians in the municipality are dedicated to the cause considering that they have the power to influence and make a change. Besides proactive and committed individuals, it is necessary that the work is organized and anchored by clear and concrete documents and control systems. It is also important that the work is continuously monitored and evaluated. To collaborate with other municipalities, authorities or participate in various networks is another factor contributing to the improved climate work in the form of exchange of information, knowledge and experience.A major driving force for municipalities to improve themselves is the distribution of state aid and grants.

The business world has been through an extreme transformation over the past decades, which have forced companies to look at themselves from a new point of view. Consumers have a complete new set of ways to gather information and are more motivated than ever to make sustainable consumption choices. This change of attitudes among consumers has made companies focus on other things than price versus quality. A whole new concept has been brought up to questioning: environmentalism. Consumers demand more organically produced products.