Purpose: Aims of this paper is to evaluate a comparative study between China and Russia Funds in respect of the risks and returns. We also want to examine what has affected the Funds in their respective domestic stock market.                                                            Method: The study is based on qualitative methodology to complement the quantitative survey by first gathering of secondary data from Morningstar, and fund manager´s stories on fund and banking companies' websites.  Primary data is conducted by the interview with fund manager. The sample consists of all land Funds for China and Russia has found more than 10 years on the stock market.Results and Conclusion: The survey shows that China Funds will generate better in decline than Russia Funds in both return and risk-adjusted Sharpe ratio. Because the China Funds had better risk diversification and its holdings spread across different industry area while Russia Funds is more directed towards oil and gas industry.

Background: In 1999 the Swedish pension system was reformed with an aim to create a stable and high return on pension assets. First, Second, Third and Fourth general pension Funds, hereby referred to as AP1-AP4, had an important part in the reform. AP1-AP4, also called the buffer Funds, was assigned to secure long-term, big parts of the pension capital. The Funds objective is by law, to manage the fund's assets in a manner that provides maximum benefit for the state pension. The Funds will also invest pension assets with an overall low level of risk while achieving a sustainable high return.Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the First-Fourth AP-Funds is meeting its objectives regarding risk and return according to Swedish law.

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to study the 45 Funds, divided into three differentdivisions, then the result will provide a greater understanding of how returns change with ahigher risk.Methodology: The study is based on a quantitative approach. The survey was conducted bygathering raw data from databases and secondary data from literature, printed and electronicsources.Theoretical perspectives: The study is based on the theory: the efficient markethypothesis, which argues that future returns can not be calculated as the market is fullyinformed. The study is therefore studying historical yields.Empirical foundation: Empirical data are acquired from www.morningstar.se, andtherefore also treated on this page. The material is then divided into documents and time axes.Conclusions: The study has shown that high-risk Funds give a higher percentage returns thanmedium-and low-risk Funds. However, does not imply a higher risk automatically earn ahigher return when the low-risk Funds have shown a higher yield than medium-risk Funds.

Background: Funds have become a more popular way for investments. After the financial crisis in 2008 there was some sectors that shown a better results than other depending if the sector was affected by the economic situation or not. Therefore can  investments in sector Funds be a good way to get a high return, but it also has a high risk.Problem: Has the risk any impact on the return considered Funds in sectors that is affected by the economic situation relatively to sectors that isn?t affected by the situation in the economy?Purpose: Determine whether sector Funds risk has any impact on the return. Also if there are any differences between sectors depending if they are affected by the economic situation or not.

Recently, the selections of ethical Funds are increased; at the same time investors with social and moral preferences have increased in the capital market. There are currently debates on whether ethical Funds perform better or worse than Funds without ethical criteria. This also involves a vivid discussion on whether investors know about the consequences of investing in ethical Funds. Therefore, this study involves theories about the rationality and decision theory, in addition to what mainly control the investment decisions. The study also discusses portfolio theory since this is one of the underlying theories behind fund management and its development.The purpose of this study is to explain if ethical limitations in the selection of securities affect risk and return in the fund portfolio.

In the future the Swedish pension system will face major problems. With an increasing aging population combined with a decreasing share of working population the financing of the pension system is becoming a bigger problem than previously predicted. This means the individual himself will have a bigger responsibility to invest money for their future retirement. It has been shown that a large proportion of the people who invests for their future pension have neither the interest nor the time to actively invest their pension capital. To make it easier for those who invest for their retirement, some Swedish banks have created so-called generation Funds.

Today, there is no uniform definition of what an ethical fund is. Fund management companies choose themselves what they believe is ethical and not. The lack of the definition makes it difficult for consumers to understand why these Funds are special compared to other Funds. The purpose of this study is to examine three Swedish companies; KPA Pension, Swedbank Robur and Folksam, to obtain a clearer picture of the concept ethical Funds and its definition. The study describes each company's view of Ethics and how they may affect other companies to work for a more sustainable world.

The Swedish stock-market gives investors an opportunity to benefit from the global growth while financing companies invests and contributes to a socio-economic development. Parallel to the ownership of the Funds also follows a responsibility as companies in the Funds affect society and the environment. The growth of savings in Funds, combined with an increased focus on sustainability has developed SRI (socially responsible investment). Therefore it is interesting to examine whether responsibility is an exception, which only concerns SRI-Funds or a general principle, which includes the whole Swedish stock-market.The results of the survey makes it clear that all the Swedish major banks actively works to integrate sustainability within the respective bank's business to achieve a more sustainable financial system. Thus concludes the investigation that responsible investments are a general principle on the Swedish mutual stock-market.How responsibility is integrated in fund management differ between the banks.

Today, there is no uniform definition of what an ethical fund is. Fund management companies choose themselves what they believe is ethical and not. The lack of the definition makes it difficult for consumers to understand why these Funds are special compared to other Funds. The purpose of this study is to examine three Swedish companies; KPA Pension, Swedbank Robur and Folksam, to obtain a clearer picture of the concept ethical Funds and its definition. The study describes each company's view of Ethics and how they may affect other companies to work for a more sustainable world.

The Swedish stock-market gives investors an opportunity to benefit from the global growth while financing companies invests and contributes to a socio-economic development. Parallel to the ownership of the Funds also follows a responsibility as companies in the Funds affect society and the environment. The growth of savings in Funds, combined with an increased focus on sustainability has developed SRI (socially responsible investment). Therefore it is interesting to examine whether responsibility is an exception, which only concerns SRI-Funds or a general principle, which includes the whole Swedish stock-market.The results of the survey makes it clear that all the Swedish major banks actively works to integrate sustainability within the respective bank's business to achieve a more sustainable financial system. Thus concludes the investigation that responsible investments are a general principle on the Swedish mutual stock-market.How responsibility is integrated in fund management differ between the banks.

Interest for Mutual Funds has been enormous in Sweden and since 1970 has savings increased from 300 million SEK to about 900 billion SEK. An important reason for this increasing is the strong development of the stock markets has got and, the impairment of the public pension and the increasing of necessity of the private saving..

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine whether hedge Funds generate higher risk-adjusted returns than traditional managed Funds in Sweden.Methodology: This study was based on quantitative data about the Funds historical returns. The Funds historical returns were taken from the database Morningstar and the risk-free rate from the Swedish central bank. Random samples of 36 Funds have been divided into three portfolios in the form of a hedge fund portfolio, stock portfolio and mix fund portfolio.Result & Conclusion: The study concluded that the stock portfolio has shown the highest average yield for the study period where all portfolios below market index. Hedge fund portfolio has achieved the highest risk-adjusted return calculated by the portfolios Sharpe Ratio. Of all hedge strategies, arbitrage had the highest average return and risk-adjusted returns..

Nearly 74 percent of the Swedish population invests in Funds and the options are therefore various. The Swedish private investors can choose between active and passively managed Funds. Fund managers, who seek to generate higher returns than the market, manage active managed Funds. Unlike the active managed Funds, passively managed Funds do not require any active investment decisions.Fama?s (1970) efficient market theory reflects all available information in the stock price, therefore it is not possible to predict how the stock price changes.

This paper aims to investigate the systematic risk exposure of Swedish hedge Funds using a modified Fung & Hsieh (2004) asset-based style factor model. The results show that the average Swedish equity hedge fund and fund of Funds had a significant positive exposure to the equity market portfolio and the spread between small cap and large cap stocks (SMB) during the sample period. This is consistent with our a priori expectations and previous international studies. We do not find the expected systematic fixed-income related risk exposure for the fixed-income hedge Funds and fund of Funds in the sample. The empirical material used in this study is taken from a publicly available fund database maintained by the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority (Finansinspektionen).

In the future the Swedish pension system will face major problems. With an increasing aging population combined with a decreasing share of working population the financing of the pension system is becoming a bigger problem than previously predicted. This means the individual himself will have a bigger responsibility to invest money for their future retirement. It has been shown that a large proportion of the people who invests for their future pension have neither the interest nor the time to actively invest their pension capital. To make it easier for those who invest for their retirement, some Swedish banks have created so-called generation Funds.