The purpose of this study is to explore how different discourses about risk linked to HIV prevention is likely to affect the decisions on the distribution of state funding for preventive activities aimed at 'men who have sex with men' (MSM). This by making qualitative interviews with principals that have an impact on this decision. Using a discourse analytic approach, based on both theoretical and methodological foundations, I investigate the discursive constructions of risk of HIV linked to certain groups and behaviors. MSM is found in the material placed into two different formations of groups, on one hand by the behavior on the other hand on the basis of identity. The identity position is organized discursively from a ?victim? position while MSM provides an "operator" position.

When the Soviet union collapsed at the beginning of the 1990s, a democratization began to develop. During the Jeltsin years, democracy in Russia was developing steadily, but since Putin became president at the turn of the century it has started to move back towards authoritarian rule. The purpose of this study is to explore the reasons for why the democracy in Russia never became consolidated and to understand why the country again has moved towards an authoritarian rule, like the one during the Soviet union.In order to fulfill the aim of this study, two theories were used. These were Linz and Stepan's consolidation theory, about the five arenas that have to be developed, and Samuel P. Huntington's theory about authoritarian nostalgia.

In Sweden, a new feminist political party (?Feministiskt initiativ?) was founded in 2005. The main objective of this thesis is to study the reasons and driving forces behind the establishment of the party, as well as to explain the timing of its foundation in 2005. The theories that are used in the study are focused on the individual founders, and the empirical material comprise in essence of interviews with founders.The study reveals that several individuals, as well as political movements were involved in the process of the party establishment. Various interacting factors influenced the founders to choose the strategy of setting up a political party.

Följande studie applicerar en experimentell analysram (baserad på kritisk diskursanalys och Köpenhamnsskolans teorier om säkerhetisering?) på diskursiva mikrostrukturer, d.v.s. specifikameningar i specifika texter, i japanska debattartiklar om kollektivt självförsvar, i syfte att på ett systematiskt vis åskådliggöra diskursiva analogikedjor om hot på mikronivå. Studien överväger även det sätt, på vilka diskursiva mikrostrukturer samverkar till att skapa narrativa makrostrukturer ? s.k.

Problem: How do delivery logistics work in practice at the building site? Where are the big problems? How to make building logistics more effective? Do the site management and the haulers agree about questions concerning both parties? What is possible to gain by using better logistics? Is it possible to gain time with better logistics and by that reducing the costs? Purpose and aim: The purpose is to discover if there are any disagreements between the site management and the haulers. If disagreements occur they will be examined and probable measures based on the problems will be suggested. Another intention is to bring key ratios concerning time spent for deliveries forward. One aim is to update a similar report made in 1972.

In the 10th of April 2010 the Polish Presidential plane crashed outside of Smolensk in today?s Russia. 88 passengers and 6 crewmen died a tragic death, among them the President of the Republic of Poland, Lech Kaczy?ski. A national week of sorrow was proclaimed and citizens all over Poland went out on streets and markets to honor the newly deceased President.

Purpose The purpose of our study was to investigate the changing nature of volatility during the last 80 years. Like in an American study, we tried to find some trends in the risk of stocks and bonds that would have an impact on the balance of a portfolio of stocks and bonds. At the same time we investigated the influence of inflation on the choice of portfolio. Methods We have used standard statistic tools and formulas to obtain our results. In most cases it was a matter of calculating average and standard deviation.

År 2010 avskaffades revisionsplikten för små bolag i Sverige vilket gör att det numera är frivilligt för dessa bolag att ha en revisor. Det är kombinationen av Sveriges låga gränsvärden för undantagande av revisionsplikt, samt avsaknaden på tidigare forskning i en svensk kontext som motiverar denna studie. I denna undersökning, som bygger på ett slumpmässigt urval av 400 svenska små bolag, testas faktorer som i utländska studier tidigare funnits påverka efterfrågan på frivillig revision. Detta görs för att se om samma samband finns i Sverige. Vi förutspår att efterfrågan på revision påverkas av företagets storlek, skuldsättningsgrad, risk och ålder.

En sammanfattning av uppsatsen på maximalt 8000 tecken..

This thesis deals with the issues of participation and influence in the multicultural society. The aim with the study is twofold, first to identify determinants improving participation and influence in this context, and second to see if the ecouragement of a strong civil society in ethnic segregated areas is a possible way forward to a multicultural democracy. This is conducted through a case study of brobyggarna in Malmo, Sweden, and how they as an integration policy is working with these questions. Six qualitative interviews have been conducted with seven persons workning as brobyggare or in close connection with them. Toghether with readings of earlier research this material is analysed through an eclectic model with theories put together in five analythic dimensions, Multicultural democracy, Social milieu, Unequal possibillities to participate and influence and Local powerstructures.

The higher status homestead called Kullen is located on top of a small hill just outside of Hova in V?stra G?taland. The house stands on a plateau surrounded by a stonewall. Aerial photos from the 1960?s shows what looks like a big parklike garden behind the house, with a gravel walk cutting through on the length of the garden up to the house.

Affärsänglar spelar en mycket betydelsefull roll för svenskt näringsliv. De är en viktigkapitalkälla för unga och nystartade företag då de bistår med kapital till riskfyllda och osäkraprojekt som inte attraherar andra finansiärer på marknaden. Syftet med föreliggande studie äratt förklara varför affärsänglar väljer att gå in med kapital i företag där andra finansiäreravstår på grund av risk och osäkerhet. Målet är även att redogöra för hur affärsänglar bedömerett investeringsförslag utifrån ett riskperspektiv. Genom att ta del av tidigare forskning somberör utvärderingsprocessen har vi arbetet fram ett antal faktorer som kan påverkariskbedömningen.

Uppsatsen behandlar de svenska vindkraftsproducenternas uppfattning om vilken effekt som övergången från miljöbonus till elcertifikat orsakar på deras finansiella risk. Syftet med denna uppsats är att bland vindkraftens elproducenter undersöka vilka effekter som kreeras av den finansiella riskens förändring när miljöbonus successivt försvinner och ersätts av ett elcertifikatsystem. Uppsatsens syfte undersöktes genom att intervjua 30 respondenter via telefon. Vindkraftsproducenternas uppfattning är att övergången från miljöbonus till ett elcertifikatsystem orsakar en ökad finansiell risk vilket beror på två faktorer som påverkar den kortsiktiga och den långsiktiga finansiella risken. Dessa faktorer är informationsbrist om elcertifikatmarknadens utbuds- och efterfrågekurva samt volymvariationer i elproduktionen.

SAMMANFATTNING BAKGRUND: En patient med ryggmärgsskada [RMS] har en livslång ökad risk för trycksår på grund av sitt rörelse- och känselbortfall. Av alla med RMS i världen får upp till 95% trycksår minst en gång under sin livstid. Det finns idag ingen bra riskbedömningsskala avseende trycksår hos RMS-patienter, då de enligt den vedertagna Modifierade Nortonskalan får en missvisande låg risk för trycksår. Med kunskap om riskfaktorer, information och utbildning går det till stor del att förebygga uppkomsten av trycksår.SYFTE: Syftet med studien var att kartlägga förekomsten av trycksår hos nyskadade/nyinsjuknade patienter med RMS samt att undersöka vilka faktorer som visar på risk för trycksår.METOD: Studiedesignen var en kvantitativ jämförande observationsstudie där data samlades in longitudinellt och prospektivt. Skillnader mellan nyskadade/nyinsjuknade RMS-patienter med och utan trycksår studerades.RESULTAT: Av de 61 patienter som deltog i studien hade 35 (57,4%) trycksår någon gång under vårdtiden.

Research suggests that society's vulnerability to natural disasters along coasts could increase as a result of climate change, which is likely to lead to elevated sea levels and possibly an increase in the occurance of meteorological phenomena such as storms and tropical cyclones. Following the Indian Ocean tsunami disaster in 2004 and Hurricane Katrina in 2005, both of which received considerable media attention, empirical data has indicated that coastal vegetation might be able to protect and reduce damages to coastal communities during tsunami events and tropical cyclones.The aim of the essay has been to study the function of coastal ecosystems as protection against tsunami waves and storms from a risk management perspective, meaning that I have, through an overview of scientific articles, compiled current research on how coastal ecosystems can attenuate storm surges and tsunami waves, and analysed how this knowledge can be put into practice in coastal communities from a risk management perspective, i.e. if coastal ecosystems are a viable risk reduction measure, are practically applicable, and if so, how they could be applied.There is empirical evidence suggesting that coastal ecosystems, particularly mangroves, can reduce the strength of a tsunami wave, but full scientific consensus on this issue has not yet been reached. With regard to protection against storm surges, there is extensive scientific evidence that coastal vegetation can mitigate damages and reduce the height of a storm surge, although the wave has to traverse several kilometres inland through thick vegetation for the protection to be effective. A synthesis in the form of a figure regarding the many physical factors that influence wave development through coastal ecosystems has been created in an attempt to simplify and explain the phenomenon.The conservation and restoration of coastal ecosystems can be justified from a risk management perspective, but planting new forest belts for the purpose of disaster mitigation is quite unrealistic and can rarely be sustainable, since, for protection to be effective, the forest belt must extend several kilometres inland from the coast, and would thus likely prove difficult to implement along coastal societies..