The aim of the study is to describe and analyze bank officials' views about what auditors will do. The main motivation comes from the government?s proposals that the audit duty will be abolished and it can lead to that bank officials in a bigger extent can influence the audit?s formulation. It can also lead to that a consumer audit becomes reality. The study covers a sample of 302 bank officials where 153 have participated through a survey questionnaire.

A considerable number young of students are suffering from sociopsychological complaints. The psychological complaints emerge from differnt sources. Important factors for psychological well being are experiences of a satisfactory social network, efficient coping strategies and a supportive school climate.The aim of this study was to examine how young girls in the age of 16-18 years old experience and cope with demands from school. To fulfill the aim of this study we have five questions: What do the girls apprehend as a satisfactory/unsatisfactory working environment? How do the girls define stress? How do the girls cope with stress? What importance has leisure time? What importance has the social network? The method we used for this study was qualitative and the material was collected through four focus groups.

Patientövervakningssystem (eng., Patient data management systems) måste hantera olika datakällor som patientmonitorer, ventilatorer och pumpar. Målet med detta arbete var att utveckla ett generellt och underhållsbart medicinskt protokoll samt ett databassystem för att hantera patientdata från olika medicintekniska instrument inom intensivvården.Ett prototypsystem med databas och experimentellt kommunikationsprotokoll skapades och utvärderades tekniskt mot övervakningsmonitorn Philips MP30. Systemet utvecklades i programmeringsspråket C# och använder sig av en MySQL-databas.Studien visar att det är möjligt att skapa ett protokoll som hanterar olika medicinska datakällor. Rapporten beskriver det framtagna protokollet, datastrukturer, arkitektur samt förekommande relaterade kommunikationsstandarder som används inom sjukvården..

This paper explores a model for self-assessment of purchasing maturity in large companies. The author adapts contemporary purchasing theory and further enhances existing tools and procedures to create a survey based instrument for maturity measurementThe paper also explores potential methodological challenges associated with conducting a more extensive study of purchasing maturity via the proposed model. A preliminary study is made and the learnings discussed.The preliminary findings of the survey indicate that the purchasing maturity varies with industry. The purchasing function average score was found to be 3,4 out of 6 with samples spread across the whole spectra ? agreeing with previous theories stating that the purchasing maturity is highly varied between different industries..

This paper attempts to investigate the correlation of 12 month abnormal returns and the fundamental value of stocks in theSwedish stock market between the year 2000-2011. Also, the paper tries to apply and evaluate the concept of the margin ofsafety. In estimating the fundamental value we use the residual income valuation model and three different estimationapproaches of the beta coefficient in order to correct for financial and operational biases. We find that our different portfoliosearn abnormal returns. However, this could be explained by the size effect and P/B effect.

DefinitionerInitial public offering (IPO)Den första försäljningen av ett företags aktier på den publika marknaden.AvnoteringHändelsen då ett börsbolags aktie tas bort från marknaden.Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX)Ett omfattande och för ämnet väl undersökt amerikanskt regelverk.Private Equity (PE)Aktiekapital som inte är börsnoterat, investerare som investerar direkt i privata bolag eller köper ut publika bolag från börsen.International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS)Internationella regler som styr rapporteringen av olika typer av transaktioner och händelser.Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A)Förvärv och sammanslagningar av bolag.Definitioner hämtade från http://www.nasdaq.com/investing/glossary/.

This thesis studies the relationship between risk and the first day returns of Initial Public Offerings (IPO) by assessing the risk of each issuing company with a risk model that combine financial key ratios of importance. The study is based on 92 IPO?s that were made on the Stockholm OMX stock exchange during the period of 1997-2009. The point of departure was to investigate if the uncertainty created by the asymmetric information between investors and the issuing firm could be captured by predicting the possibility of failure in the future. This has been studied by applying Skogsvik?s probability of failure model on the 92 issuing firms.

Marknadsförutsättningarna för en utveckling av den svenska marknaden för högavkastande företagsobligationer är idag bättre än någonsin. För första gången är bankerna motiverade att hjälpa svenska företag med marknadsfinansiering via exempelvis företagsobligationer. Tidigare har denna verksamhet setts som konkurrerande till bankernas egen lånefinansiering. Regulatoriska förändringar, såsom Basel III, ligger till grund för denna nya viktiga förutsättning. Det händer saker på bred front och mycket sker samtidigt. Nya aktörer och organisationer har bildats, färdiga marknadsplatser för högavkastande företagsobligationer finns nu att tillgå.

The purpose of this paper was to examine the potential presence of a relationship between the quality of corporate financial disclosure and the volatility in stock price in the Swedish market. This was carried out by investigating the hypothesis that an accurate annual report with high information quality results in a decrease in volatility. Previous studies have been done with this approach and in some cases the above stated hypothesis was found to be true. Thus, in the absence of a perfect efficient market the level of information quality may to some extent explain the volatility in stock price. However, the result of our study gave no evidence in support of this hypothesis.

Transporter och dess påverkan är ett miljöproblem eftersom transporter bland annat bidrar till ökad försurning, övergödning och växthuseffekten. Ett antal politiska mål har antagits som indirekt eller direkt syftar till att minska den miljöpåverkan som transporter medför. Transporter regleras både i speciallagstiftningar och i den övergripande miljöbalken. Transporter är inte tillståndspliktig verksamhet enligt miljöbalken, men enligt förarbeten kan transporter till och från en anläggning eventuellt tas med vid en tillståndsprövning av en miljöfarlig verksamhet. Genom att studier av miljöbalken och förarbeten erhålls ingen klarhet gällande detta.

Sedan år 2000 är romer tillsammans med fyra andra grupper erkända som etniska minoriteter i Sverige, vilket fått konsekvenser bland annat för modersmålsundervisningen i skolorna runt om i landet. Genom examensarbetets intervjuer framkom att det finns en paradox kring bevarandet av kulturell särart och samtidig integration, där skolans personal ställer sig frågande till hur man ska möta en främmande tradition. Trots preciseringen av alla varianter av romani chib som etniska minoritetsspråk visar sig flera informanter ha en oklar bild av skillnaderna mellan de olika språken, vilket leder till att den garanti som finns för att romska elever ska få undervisning på rätt variant inte uppfylls..

In relation with structure transformation in farm companies with bigger animal population and pressure at the milk price, the farmers in both countries have to invest more money in the company to endure. This had conduct what more owners had seen grown requirements to invest in bigger population barns. The investment is necessary to retain stability in the economy for the companies, at that time when the profitability for small production barns decrease. This essay carries out through a case, there the activities main part are milk production. The present operation consists of 82 milk cows in long stall with a yield on 10 500 kg ECM. The idea is that the company should increase the activity to 180 cows.

Since the middle of the 1980´s the Swedish bank market has experienced a change concerning structure and pressure of competition. Before the year 1985, the market was characterized as a market with few operators but have changed to a market with many operators and seen as one of the most intense in Europe where the four major banks; Nordea, Handelsbanken, SEB and Föreningssparbanken together have a strong position. Their market share has recently decreased, mostly for the benefit of foreign banks and niche banks. The Swedish market has experienced difficulties in generating profits which mostly depends on new establishments that have increased the pressure on competition, a low growth as well as weakened customer relations. The development has resulted in a growing importance of market segmentation, mainly by the fact that costumers have become more disloyal as a result of the increased competition.Students are a market segment of interest for the financial market, mainly because of the expectations of their positive financial situation in the future.

This is a study of how young flutists experience playing their instrument and having music lessons, especially what they think is most enjoyable. 27 flutists between the ages of 8 and 19 years old, from three different municipal schools of music in central Sweden, were interviewed during spring 2000.Some of the conclusions are that enjoyment coincides with meaningful when you are in a musical context, and when your progress is confirmed by the teacher.The study is to be seen as some examples of different things that young flutists find enjoyable. It is not an enumeration of recommended items in teaching, rather some thoughts about the positive experiences of playing the flute, and how teachers may relate to that..

The aim of this study is to describe how two wage-earners experience and value their work. I chose a descriptive reserch approach and I conducted a qualitative study in the form of two interviews. I have applied two well-known theories from the field of social psychology ? the individualisation and Sence Of Coherence (SOC) ? to enhance my arguments and to improve my comprehension in the subjekt. The study reveals that my informants feel good and get motivated as wage-earners. By waged labor they feel securcity, meaningfullness, confirmation and belonging, which makes salaried work high valued.