För att ett företag ska överleva på marknaden samt kunna nå framgång krävs ett effektivt ledarskap. Trots det faktum att kvinnor har varit aktiva i yrkeslivet i många år är de fortfarande underrepresenterade på positioner med makt och ansvar. Syftet med denna undersökning var att undersöka chefers uppfattning om bra chefsegenskaper, skillnader mellan manliga och kvinnliga chefer samt varför kvinnor är så underrepresenterade på chefspositioner inom den privata sektorn. Halvstrukturerade intervjuer gjordes med fem kvinnor och sex män som samtliga besitter en hög chefsposition inom den privata sektorn. Analysmetoden var kvalitativ och en deduktiv tematisk analys genomfördes.

Syfte och frågeställningar: Syftet är att identifiera olika genusstereotyper som används i ICA-reklamfilmerna. De frågeställningar som uppsatsen utgår ifrån är; Hur vidmakthålls och används genusroller i ICA-reklamfilmerna och på vilka sätt synliggörs genusstereotyper.Metod och material: Denna uppsats behandlar kvalitativ genusstereotypisk representation av män respektive kvinnor i tre ICA-reklamfilmer. Fokus placeras endast på huvudkaraktärerna, både de manliga och kvinnliga. De utvalda reklamfilmerna är Efter sommaren (2010), Trucken (2010) och Familjefrukost (2012).Hur och om karaktärerna framställs ur ett genusstereotypiskt perspektiv undersöks med hjälp av semiotisk bildanalys som utförs på en denotativ- och konnotativ nivå. Författaren tar även ansats i kritisk diskursanalys.Huvudresultat: Resultaten visar en relativ stereotypisk kritik.

The aim of this study is to analyse how pornography is used in the American comics X-Men, published by Marvel under the authorship of Chris Claremont.I have applied Butler and MacKinnons theories about pornography as a performative speech, to this special art form. I have also investigated how censorship has influenced the comics evolution and whether it has affected the way women and sexual and ethnical minorities are represented. To corroborate how these theories apply, I have analysed three main female fig-ures in The X-Men comics - Storm, Phoenix and Shadowcat - and I have tried to identify how they relate to existing stereotypes.The conclusion of this essay is that the women characters in X-Men break the existing stereo-types and create new implications. This reinforces Butler?s theory about the possibility to re-verse hate speech and diminishes MacKinnons perspective of pornography as an imperative..

The following study is a qualitative combination of textual analysis and interviews concerning the subject of slashfiction. Slash is a sub-category to fanfiction, which essentially means non-professionally authored short stories about already existing characters and environments, for example from TV-shows, movies or books. These stories are available on the internet. The main point is to pair two of the male characters together in a sexual relationship. According to previous studies, 90 percent of all fanfiction writers are female and this percentage is probably even higher when it comes to slash.I have looked into what these stories can be an expression of, by analyzing the construction of gender, sexuality and relationships using the following three questions:Is slash a quest for an ideal equal and romantic relationship?Do these stories represent a resistance against established norms regarding gender and sexuality?What role does transcendence of boundaries play in slash? I have used stories that are derived from the American TV show Supernatural, which generally try to explore the relationship between its protagonists, the brothers Sam and Dean Winchester.  The result gives a somewhat divided picture of slash, as some stories clearly break with traditional gender norms while others seem to uphold them..

Våld mot kvinnor är ett omfattande och angeläget samhällsproblem. Hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalen utgör en nyckelgrupp när det gäller att upptäcka och identifiera våldet. I mötet med den våldsutsatta kvinnan, likaväl som i mötet med andra patienter, är bemötandet och kommunikationen av stor betydelse. Syftet med studien var att belysa våldsutsatta kvinnors upplevelse av hur de blivit bemötta i sin kontakt med olika sjukvårdsinstanser. Metoden har varit kvalitativ med en induktiv ansats där nio kvinnor har intervjuats.

Denna studie behandlar ämnet om hur pedagoger arbetar med grupper i klassrummet. Syftetär att kartlägga hur elevgrupper konstrueras och vad lärare fokuserar på när de arbetar medgrupper. Detta undersöktes genom intervjuer samt observationer. Intervjuerna gjordes med ettbekvämlighetsurval. Efter intervjuerna gjordes det observationer i två klasser; enlågstadieklass samt en mellanstadieklass.

AbstractThe Swedish agricultural organisation, LRF, stands in front of many changes and the work with the changes in the organisation has caused some conflicts at the top. Is it like Michels say that it's a few people at the top that rules? The case with LRF shows to be something different, since the president Caroline Trapp was re-elected. The election committee proposed a new president, but the assembly had another opinion and re-elected Caroline Trapp. This shows that the opinions at the top were not the same as among the members of the organisation and the election committee couldn?t rule over them.In this essay I try to understand what kind of organisation LRF is and what made this case special.

This study aims to show how teachers talk about their teaching with regards to gender in relation to literature.We have interviewed four teachers of Swedish for upper secondary school to discover how they feel about, and understand, the fact that gender is a factor in the teaching of literature and that they should present to the students literature written by both male and female authors. To analyze the interviews we use Sannersted's (1991) theory about teachers as street-level-bureaucrats ("närbyråkrater"). He states that teachers are persons who have to follow what politicians have decided but they are fairly free to choose how they do it, but to be able to follow a decision as closely as possible three qualifications have to be met. The teachers have to understand the decision, be able to follow it and want to follow it. We find that the teachers that we have interviewed are aware that they discuss gender issues with their students and they all claim that they present a variation of authors to their students.

AimThe aim of the study is to find out if, and in that case how, the sports movement creates and reproduces norms and values regarding sex and sexuality. Questions to be answered are: Which experiences do non-heterosexual women have of everyday activities in the Swedish sports movement? How are norms on sex and sexuality visible in practice? Are there mechanisms/practices that challenge these norms? Finally, the results are discussed in relation to two policy documents from the National Organization of Sports (RF); ?Sports Wants? and ?Policy and plan of action against sexual harassment and sexual discrimination within sports?.MethodSince the aim was to understand, and not to generalize and quantify, a procedure of qualitative interviews was chosen. Ten non-heterosexual women were interviewed concerning their experiences of the Swedish sports movement. They were active (or had recently been) at different levels in the following sports: basketball, soccer, floor ball, ice hockey, bandy and volleyball.

The aim of this study is to learn about the nineteenth century poor relief system, how itoperated in the rural parish Kristdala during the period 1881-1890, and not least, who was thesupported person? The poor are defined as the individuals that received public poor relief, but in onechapter this definition of poverty is contrasted with a definition based upon tax exemption:inability to pay taxes. Two villages have been selected for intensive study, namely Kroxhult and Calerum, and Calerum is the smaller one. The connection between age and the poverty ratio is clear, and tobe a lodger was especially disadvantageous with respect to poverty. Further the position ofwidow was the most unfavourable among the female poor people.

The purpose of our essay is to study the institutional-, demographic and accounting theoretical factors that influence an organisations actuarial commitment.The research was performed through a web based survey, with complimentary telephone interviews, directed to companies listed on Stockholm Stock Exchange A- and O-list on the 30 of November, 2003.Our data was analysed with a Median test, Kolomogorov-Smirnov test, T-test and a Mann-Whitney test. The purpose of the Mann-Whitney test was the low number of respondents that took part in the research. The Kolomogorov-Smirnov test was done to determine whether the population variances was equal or not. The data showed that organisations with a majority of female employees assume a lower salary increase, and a higher average age than other companies with a male majority. Only 2 of 11 hypothesis can be accepted as temporary truths but several other visible relations are indicated in our research, but can not be statistically proved.We think that the major problem with our is the time it was performed.

The purpose of this study is to examine constructions of plaintiff [woman] and the defendant [man] in Swedish rape convictions from 2013. The cases in this study cover acquaintance rape. We also intend to analyze the constructions of the sexes in relations to each other. The study is completed by a qualitative text analysis, with inspiration of a hermeneutic interpretation. The result is presented by four categories: the worthy of protection of the woman, the penalty of the man, the complicity of the woman and credibility.

Bara BostäderPlacerat mellan Bollmora flerbostadshus och den gamla landsvägen breder Tyresögymnasium ut sig. Vår ingång blir atr riva skolan, materialet ´kremeras´till tegelkross och sprids i en röd löparbana längs med den befintliga landsvägen, att tillåtas glömma för att senare minnas. Gymnasiet förstås som en del av det befintliga landskapet, det ändrar bara from och byter plats. Vad händer om man släcker ett lager i AutoCad?Det närvarar i sin frånvaro. Djup genom lager.

SammanfattningDenna kandidatuppsats a?mnar underso?ka hur rester av kolonialismens uppdelningar av ?vi? och ?dom? florerar i SVT:s nyhetsrapportering om flyktingar och asylso?kande. En verksamhet som har saklighet, folkbildning och opartiskhet som honno?rsord. Syftet a?r att ta reda pa? om, och i sa? fall hur SVT reproducerar koloniala, stereotypa fo?resta?llningar om dessa akto?rer som underordnade, annorlunda eller ?de Andra?.

The purpose of this study was to examine the discourses that can be identified in medias representation of social services. To answer the purpose we made a critical discourse analysis using Faircloughs three-dimensional model. The choice to focus our study on a local newspaper was based on earlier research that found it possible that a local paper has a greater impact on readers than a national newspaper. Readers can more easily connect with what's happening in the immediate environment than what is written nationally. We used articles published in 2013 containing ?social services?.