Uppsatsens titel: CSR I SMEs ? En förklaring av motiv och effekter Seminariedatum: 2012-05-31Kurs: 4FE03E Examensarbete för civilekonomprogrammet 30hpFörfattare: Alexandra Edström och Anna PerssonHandledare: Elin Funck Examinator: Lars-Göran Aidemark Nyckelord: CSR, Corporate Social Responsibility, samhällsansvar, intressenter,SMEs, Triple Bottom Line, motiv, effekterBakgrund och problem: Teorierna kring CSR i SMEs är få och ofta motsägelsefulla. SMEs har dessutom en viktig påverkan på vårt samhälle, då de utgör den störstadelen av Sveriges näringsliv. CSR är ingen genväg till framgång utan effekterna kanbedömas först efter ett långsiktigt perspektiv, enligt Europakommissionen (2007)arbetar SMEs ofta med CSR utan att veta om det eller benämna det vid namn.Syfte: Syftet med detta examensarbete är att beskriva innebörden av CSR samtförklara motiven till och effekterna av CSR i SMEs.Metod: Vi har gjort en flerfallstudie på företagen Gnosjö Automatsvarvning AB,HangOn AB, Swede-Wheel AB och Sibes Metall AB. Vi har genomfört tvåsemistrukturerade intervjuer med två personer på respektive företag samt enfokuserad telefonintervju med respektive VD på varje företag.

This essay describes and compares the extensive reindeer management to the more intensive, but grazing based, sheep management system in Sweden. Differences and similarities between the two production systems will be investigated by elucidating the economy, land use and possibilities to influence production and economy through breeding, feeding and product development. The reindeer management area covers the northern part of Sweden whilst the sheep management is dispersed over the country. Both reindeer and sheep are ruminants and have relatively high demands on the quality and digestibility of the feed however reindeers graze on mountain-and forest lands whilst sheep often graze inaccessible areas or cultivated grasslands. Selection intensity is generally lower in the reindeer management compared to the intensity in sheep breeding.

This study is about how students view the effects teachers have on their self-esteem and self-confidence. The theoretical background covers the consequences of success and failures, and the interaction between students and teachers, in regards of self-esteem and self-confidence. The purpose of the study was to examine what had in-fluenced the students? self-esteem and self-confidence in the interaction with teachers. To reach the goal of the study, several qualitative interviews were made with the following questions as base:? Which factors does the student consider to be of importance for their self-esteem and self-confidence in the interaction with teachers?? How does the student feel that these factors were affected concerning their self-esteem and self-confidence?During the analysis and systematization of the transcribed interviews, five factors emerged that effects self-esteem and self-confidence.

Detta examensarbete handlar om hur uppspänningen av slutväxelhus i fixturer kan förbättras för att erhålla bättre rundhet på slutväxelhusets lockhålsdiameter. Arbetet har utförts hos företaget GETRAG All Wheel Drive i Köping. Slutväxeln är en av komponenterna i GETRAG:s fyrhjulsdrift som fördelar kraften från motorn till bakhjulen. Slutväxelns ytterhölje kallas slutväxelhus och är tillverkat i aluminium. Slutväxelhuset spänns fast i en fixtur i en av företagets bearbetningsmaskiner kallad ?Heller 4? där det bearbetas i en rad olika operationer varvid den största innerdiametern med ett mått på 158 mm blir orund i tillverkningen.

Infection with intestinal parasites can in many cases be the reason for decreased performance or production. The gastro-intestinal nematode, Ostertagia ostertagi, and the lungworm, Dictyocaulus viviparus, are the most pathogenic nematodes of cattle and severe infection can lead to death. They have both a direct lifecycle and on the pasture the parasites spread as freeliving worms. The parasites are mainly a problem for the first season grazers. They have not developed immunity against the parasites and are therefor more sensitive to parasite infections.

The purpose of this literature study was to investigate the possibilities to improve longevity and stayability of beef cattle with breeding. The breeding goal for beef breeds is to produce animals with high capacity for growth and good feed efficiency. Longevity and sustainability are two important features to include in the breeding goal. If longevity is increased each cow can produce more calves and the number of female calves used for recruitment can be reduced and only the best heifers need to be selected for breeding. The benefits of longer life is that it lowers the costs of recruitment animals, it increases the number of young animals that become available for slaughter, and it increases the proportion of high producing animals in the herds.

Nyckeltal är alla de relationstal som är intressanta och var och en bestämmer själv vad som är intressant (Catasús et al. 2001). En del nyckeltal är ett måste för organisationerna att redovisa på grund av att de regleras av svensk lag medan andra nyckeltal tas fram på grund av eget intresse. Det finns många grupper av nyckeltal men den här uppsatsen behandlar enbart de så kallade personalnyckeltalen. Personalnyckeltalen är en del av den personalekonomiska redovisningen (Gröjer & Johansson 1991).

Nyckeltal är alla de relationstal som är intressanta och var och en bestämmer själv vad som är intressant (Catasús et al. 2001). En del nyckeltal är ett måste för organisationerna att redovisa på grund av att de regleras av svensk lag medan andra nyckeltal tas fram på grund av eget intresse. Det finns många grupper av nyckeltal men den här uppsatsen behandlar enbart de så kallade personalnyckeltalen. Personalnyckeltalen är en del av den personalekonomiska redovisningen (Gröjer & Johansson 1991).

This study is about how students view the effects teachers have on their self-esteem and self-confidence. The theoretical background covers the consequences of success and failures, and the interaction between students and teachers, in regards of self-esteem and self-confidence. The purpose of the study was to examine what had in-fluenced the students? self-esteem and self-confidence in the interaction with teachers. To reach the goal of the study, several qualitative interviews were made with the following questions as base:? Which factors does the student consider to be of importance for their self-esteem and self-confidence in the interaction with teachers?? How does the student feel that these factors were affected concerning their self-esteem and self-confidence?During the analysis and systematization of the transcribed interviews, five factors emerged that effects self-esteem and self-confidence.

Svansbitning är ett stort problem i slaktsvinsproduktionen ur såväl djurvälfärdsmässig som ekonomisk synvinkel. Etiologin bakom problemet anses vara multifaktoriell och är ej helt utredd. Man kan dela in faktorerna i interna riskfaktorer och externa riskfaktorer. De interna riskfaktorerna avser genetiska egenskaper med avseende på ras och härstamning, beteende, rangordning, kön, exteriör, vikt, ålder och allmän hälsostatus. De externa riskfaktorerna avser faktorer i miljön, som beläggningsgrad, möjlighet att böka, berikning i miljön, strömaterial, temperatur, ventilation, ljus, säsong på året, boxens utformning, utfodringssystem och fodrets sammansättning. Detta är en retrospektiv studie där prevalensen svansbitningar i en slaktsvinsbesättning har jämförts före och efter en ändring i utfodringsrutiner.

Most of the beef production in Sweden has been integrated with milk production. Since the 1990:s, the number of dairy cows has decreased. A specialised beef production has developed in purpose to compensate for this decrease. The consumption of beef have increased in the last decade, but the Swedish production has no followed this trend. In 2004, the percentage of beef self-sufficiency in Sweden was 60 %.

A change towards using more biofuels than fossil fuels is taking place in Sweden, and in many other parts of the world. This makes the use of fuel pellets increasingly popular, causing a greater demand for sawmill sawdust products. There is a trend towards the use of multiple types of shredders, instead of a single type in each sawmill. The purpose of the study was to characterize the different flows of saw particles that can be found at Sävar såg when cutting thick or thin wood with different cutting techniques. The saw particles size, shape, moisture content and heat value were analysed by the cutting stations: first cutting fast and slow, second cutting fast and slow, grading fast and slow and planning.

The aim of this paperisto find out which plants the Cistercian monks might have cultivated in Sweden during the Middle Ages and which types of plants it would have been practical to grow inside or outside of the Cistercian monastery precinct. Archaeologicaland archaeobotanical studies have been consulted to find out which plants were available in Sweden during the Middle Ages. Examples, mainly from Scandinavia, but also from the continent, are used to show that the monasteries were large institutionsthat had to feed a large number of people and that there would not have been enough space to cultivate everything needed within the monastery precinct.Secondary sources have in the main been used to gather this information, except in the case of the Swedish monastery of Nydala where F-Topo, a database developed by the County Museum of Jönköping,has been used to analyse the amount of land and the types of properties owned by the monastery.The conclusion is that for practical reasons the monks would have cultivated plants that needed to be close at hand, that were rare or delicate, that could not be stored for long periods and that were used in small quantities within the monastery precinct. This would include medicinal plants, herbs for cooking and some vegetables like lettuce, spinach,and similar,that do not keep well. Most other items, grains, cabbages, root vegetables, peas and beans could equally well be cultivated outside the walls.

Lately the popularity to keep different species of dwarf hamsters has increased in Sweden. The requirements of the Swedish legislation to keep hamsters as pets are low which could be a reason for the increasing popularity. Hamsters are in nature generally nocturnal and can travel far distances to find food sources during their active part of the day. Their eyesight is poor, but is compensated by their well-developed hearing and olfaction. ?Run about balls? are made of plastic and the hamster is placed inside it where after the ball is placed on the floor and the hamster can then run protected outside the cage.

Rwanda is one of the poorest countries in the world and about 70-80 % of the population lives in rural areas. The land is strongly affected by land erosion which makes it difficult for the agriculture and food production. Agroforestry is a system where tree plantation is combined with livestock- and crop production. The system provides soil fertilization and binds the soil together. Some of the trees used in agroforestry systems are also used as fodder.