Många upplever obehag inför blodprovstagning och injektioner. I dagens modernasjukvård kräver en stor del av alla behandlingar blodprover och medicinskadministration via injektioner. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa stickrädsla hosvuxna patienter. Vilka upplevelser dessa patienter har av sin stickrädsla och exemplifierahur sjuksköterskan kan förankra och tillämpa denna kunskap i praktiken. Arbetet harbaserats på vetenskapliga artiklar sökta och funna genom databaserna CINAHL,PubMed och PsykINFO.

The expectations of a successful outcome are great during childbirth. The overall objective of prenatal care and birth care is that midwives contribute in creating the most positive experience of pregnancy, child birth and infancy as possible. During the past 30 years there has been a significant increase in sectiofrequency both in Sweden and the rest of the Western world. More parents feel an overall insecurity when it comes to child labour. The purpose of this study was to describe how midwives experience the work of creating a sense of security and good nursing when meeting the expectant parents.

The essay explores nationalism in the curriculum of the swedish school from 1878 to 1994. The text has been undertaken an analysis in three levels of discourse based on Norman Faircloughs critical language analysis. The first level is the text, the second is types of discourses and the third is order of discourse.The nationalism in the curriculum has been related to three nationalistic types of discourses, derived from earlier studies on Swedish nationalism. They are conservative nationalism, ?folkhemsnationalism? and contemporary nationalism.

Between 1750 and 1850 the population of Sweden doubled. The increase was very unequally distributed among the different social groups of the rural population. The number of peasants grew very little, while the numbers of the landless (crofters, bordars etc.) more than quadrupled. This study examines whether Christer Winberg's thesis of the landless growth can be applied to Björklinge parish in Uppland. Winberg believes that it was mainly children of tenant farmers who became landless.

Eye Movement, Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) är en evidensbaserad behandling som framförallt erbjuds patienter med Post Traumatiskt Stressyndrom (PTSD) i Sverige. Psykoterapeuter som arbetar med dessa svårt traumatiserade patienter kan vara utsatta för allvarliga hälsorisker. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur EMDR-utbildade psykoterapeuter upplever sitt behandlingsarbete med traumatiserade patienter, avseende psykologiska risker och skyddsfaktorer för hälsan. Undersökningen gjordes med semistrukturerade intervjuer av sex EMDR-terapeuter enligt kvalitativ metod. Med hjälp av tematisk analys har teman gällande exempelvis arbetsbelastning, handledningsbehov och framgångsupplevelser av EMDR-metoden kunnat skönjas.

Skräckgenren ses ofta som den mest extrema filmgenren. Det är genren som sticker många i ögonen, då man där hittar allt det en annan genre väljer bort, eller snarare undviker. Man tänjer på gränserna. Varför tittar man på skräckfilm, vad kan man tänkas få ut av det? Är skräcken enbart till för att skrämma oss eller kan det faktiskt komma något gott ur den? I detta arbete har vi forskat kring hur filmindustrin jobbar med skräck.

Children with concentration difficulties are to a great extent a problem in schools and therefore it becomes interesting to see how possibilities around these children can appear in pre-school. From a pre-school teacher?s perspective, the study aims to provide a deeper understanding of how outdoor education can influence children with concentration difficulties. The method of the study is a qualitative research run-up with interviews that intends to describe pre-school teachers? views.

Equality between men and women has as an ideal won an increasing impact on the contemporary Swedish society and has established as a factor influencing all areas of society from politics to business and private life. The focus of this essay is to explore the impact of equality on hegemonic masculinity and relations of masculinities. The aim of the essay has moreover been to investigate the consequences of an increased focus on men and critique of masculinity due to a growing influence of feminism and women?s movement in Sweden. The study is based on interviews with four members of staff working in a men?s clinic for sexual and reproductive health in Stockholm, Järva Mansmottagning.

The purpose of this qualitative study has been; how social bonds are interlaced between thesocial worlds contained within the analytical division of ?outside Internet? and ?withinInternet?. What happens with the social bond as the individual oscillate between this analyticbisection? This purpose raises important questions of the use of Internet in everyday life.A new stance is taken toward studying the Internets integration into everyday life. The focusis adjusted to the importance of emotions.

This paper is based on a study of the Christian religious school. In Sweden today, surveys have shown that there is a common fear and negative attitude towards Christian religious schools. Despite this fact these schools increase in numbers, which makes it relevant to investigate what reasons the parents base their decision on when making Christian religious schools their school of choice for their children. The formulation of the question in this paper is therefore based on why the parents choose to place their children in a Christian religious school. Previous research on this topic is very scarce and poor, which makes it a relevant topic to investigate more thoroughly.

This essay deals with the relationship between the mendicant movement and the urbanization during the thirteenth century. The aim has been to explore the significance of the Dominicansand the Franciscans for the creation of an urban landscape. This was made through the study of the urbanization process in southern Halland focusing on the town of Halmstad where the friars were established. The importance of the mendicants was also studied through their absence in the towns of Laholm and Falkenberg. To achieve this investigation in a contextual perspective material from different areas was used such as archaeology, history and history of science and ideas.

The purpose with this study is to inquire how a number of active preschool teachers use music in their daily work with children. It also looks at the meaning they think music can have to the whole group of children, especially in terms of solidarity and interaction in the group. In order to study this I chose to use questionnaires as the method. These questionnaires consisted of open questions to enable longer answers from de participants in an effort to hear their thoughts and get their point of view. The result of this study shows that all of the participants seem to have good experiences from musical activities with the preschool children.

The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of women who have been abused by their partners. The study also examines how violence takes shape in a relationship. Based on a qualitative text analysis of three autobiographies and one novel, we have obtained the material for this study. The three selected autobiographies are; "I have not told you everything" by Jessie Andersson, "The nightmare" by Maria Dahlén and "It would be a pleasure to kill you" by Magdalena Graaf and the novel "Hidden" by Liza Marklund. To gain a better understanding of this topic, we have used the following theories; the process of normalization of violence, gender and masculinity.

Sometimes relatives have taken me on one side and told me they cannot bear it any more:"Isn't there something you can do to end it all?"More often requests for euthanasia have come from those who are ill. I remember visiting a man with lung cancer. He asked his wife to leave the room. As she closed the door he leaned over and grabbed my arm.

The essay explores nationalism in the curriculum of the swedish school from 1878 to 1994. The text has been undertaken an analysis in three levels of discourse based on Norman Faircloughs critical language analysis. The first level is the text, the second is types of discourses and the third is order of discourse.The nationalism in the curriculum has been related to three nationalistic types of discourses, derived from earlier studies on Swedish nationalism. They are conservative nationalism, ?folkhemsnationalism? and contemporary nationalism.