Background and problem: The importance of banks was clearly shown during the last financial crises, when the crises that started in the banking sector spread to the rest of the world. This is one of the reasons that this thesis is focused on banks in particular, one other reason is that a lot of previous studies has chosen to exclude banks because of the fact that their balance sheet differ from non-financial companies. This thesis is a beginning in filling in the gap that exists in the knowledge of banks capital structure. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to prove that it is possible to explain the capital structure in banks and that differences in the capital structure of the banks in Great Britain, Sweden and the United states of America exists. Method: The fact that our study is partly a replication of two earlier studies made a deductive approach most appropriate.

On the third of August 2002, in the middle of the ongoing Swedish election campaign, Lars Leijonborg beeing the leader of Folkpartiet (the Peoples Party) presented the partys new intergration programme for foreign nationals. One of the proposals was to instigate a language test for all immigrants seeking to obtain Swedish citizenship. This thesis addresses the medial debate that followed the proposal in the daily press. Using discourse analysis and postcolonial theory this thesis looks into the fact that there were not unity in the wake that followed the language test proposal resulting in one medial and one popular discourse. The newspapers investigated were largely negative in their tone, whereas on the opinion pages, the view of the people seemed much more positively inclined.

Tidigare forskning pekar på att psykologiska faktorer påverkar hur individen rekryteras till en sekt. Förförståelsen inför denna intervjustudie var att det skulle kunna finnas ett behov av ett rehabiliteringscentrum i Sverige, och frågeställningen gällde vilka behov som föreligger hos en individ som lämnar en destruktiv sekt sett utifrån professionella hjälpares perspektiv. 14 personer deltog, psykiatriker, präster, politiker, terapeuter och psykologer. Resultatet visade att det finns olika anledningar till att individer rekryteras in i en sekt liksom till att de lämnar den. Resultatet visade också att det föreligger ett hjälpbehov hos individer som lämnar sekter och gemensamma svar för alla respondenter var att det behövs: (1) samtal, (2) gemenskap, (3) någon som lyssnar..

D. C. Strubler och K. M. York (2007) har skapat en modell, Team Characteristics Model.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine which role public libraries play or could play within bibliotherapy. The study is based on qualitative interviews with five librarians who, in one way or another have experienced bibliotherapy activities. Further, we have interviewed two treatment assistants and one counsellor, who have cooperated with the librarians, to get their view. We have used the following research questions: Which bibliotherapeutic activities, if any, are pursued in public libraries in Sweden, and how do they look upon bibliotherapy? What role do public libraries play/could play within bibliotherapy? Ever since the term bibliotherapy was coined in the beginning of the twentieth century, the definition has been under debate. We have identified four main subjects of discussion.

The aim for this thesis is to illuminate expectations and conceptions of senior housing from an individual perspective of seniors and how senior housing is put in relation to the process of ageing. Safety, community and accessibility are main notions for the seniors and therefore also in this essay. The method used for writing, analysing and interviewing is Grounded theory, with basis from social constructionism. Theoretical background comes from theories developed in social gerontology and gerotranscendence. These theories helps to give perspective to the analysis of the interviews.

Syftet med denna studie var att få en bild av ett antal elevers uppfattningar om samundervisning och särundervisning i idrott och hälsa.Vår huvudfrågeställning var:                        * Hur uppfattar nio gymnasieelever samundervisning respektive särundervisning i ämnet idrott och hälsa? Till denna huvudfrågeställning har vi tre underfrågor:                        * Vilka uppfattningar har de kvinnliga eleverna om sam- och särundervisning?                        * Vilka uppfattningar har de manliga eleverna om sam- och särundervisning?                        * Vilka skillnader och likheter finns mellan de kvinnliga och de manliga elevernas uppfattningar om sam- och särundervisning? Datainsamlingen skedde genom intervjuer med riktade öppna frågor.Resultatet vi nådde var att de elever vi intervjuat i hög grad föredrog samundervisning som huvudsaklig undervisningsform även om de ser fördelar med att ha inslag av särundervisning i ämnet. Den största nackdelen med särundervisning anser de vara förlusten av gemenskap och samarbete mellan könen..

Syftet med denna fallstudie var att undersöka betydelsen av idrott och fysisk aktivitet för ungdom med funktionsnedsättning. En ungdom och hans mamma intervjuades. Datamaterialet analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Fyra kategorier framkom: att vara del av en gemenskap, att känna sig kompetent och utnyttja sin potential, att ha hälsa, glädje och välbefinnande, och att skapa en grund att bygga vidare på. Kategorierna bildade temat: det goda livet ? nu och i framtiden.

Det här är en observationsstudie över barns lek. Syftet med studien är att studera barns lek med avseende på det sociala samspelet. Metoden för studien har varit av kvalitativ sort, där redskapen har varit rörlig videokamera kompletterat med anteckningar. I vår litteraturgenomgång har vi valt att redovisa de två dominerande synsätten, i förskolan, på barns sociala utveckling, det utvecklingspsykologiska synsättet och det sociokulturella synsättet. Vi har valt att göra en fördjupning av det sistnämnda då det är där vi har vår ståndpunkt.Vi kan, efter gjorda observationer av barns lek, konstatera att leken har en mycket stor betydelse för barnen i sitt utvecklande av sociala egenskaper.

AbstractMI stands for Motivational Interviewing, the Swedish translation of MI is Motiverande Samtal. Adolescence is a period in life when challenges are encountered and pivotal choices are being made. It is during this period adolescents form their lifestyle, which have an impact for their health for the rest of their life. MI has shown to be an effective and appropriate method for school nurses within school health care, to utilize in approaching by adolescents with risk behavior. This is because it gives adolescence to take responsibility and empowers them to make decisions regarding lifestyle-changes.

AbstractMI stands for Motivational Interviewing, the Swedish translation of MI is Motiverande Samtal. Adolescence is a period in life when challenges are encountered and pivotal choices are being made. It is during this period adolescents form their lifestyle, which have an impact for their health for the rest of their life. MI has shown to be an effective and appropriate method for school nurses within school health care, to utilize in approaching by adolescents with risk behavior. This is because it gives adolescence to take responsibility and empowers them to make decisions regarding lifestyle-changes.

Mergers between companies has become more and more common in Sweden and in the rest of the world with the motive to increase the competitive strength in the current markets and has an important role within organisational development of companies. When organisations merger there is not only buildings and objects that are put together but also their individual organisational structures, people, values and cultures. This can be a difficult process and can affect many people in how they think conscious as well as unconscious, feel and react.The purpose of this thesis is to gain a deeper understanding of how employees are affected following a merger when changes in the organisational culture come up, and how these changes are expressed.This thesis is delimited to investigate only one company, Skruf Snus AB and only focus on their business and employees in the region of Stockholm. The thesis contains a qualitative investigation with semi structured interviews that has been carried out with eight employees at Skruf Snus AB. The thesis is partly based on a model of Schein which describes the different levels in organisational culture and partly on some theories about reactions to change in relation to the integration between the employees following a merger.The results of the investigation indicate that with a merger the whole organisational culture is affected and therefore also the employees.

The disintegration of the Soviet Union was a vast experience, not solely for the former members and inhabitants of the Soviet Union, but also for the rest of the world. This thesis examines Estonia and Uzbekistan's different experience with transition. By examining three different aspects of transition I seek to explain Estonia and Uzbekistan's different outcome of transition. Estonia has since their independence been fully aware of the process that started with their independence. They have reformed both the political and economic system, the industry is privatized, institutions democratic and Estonia is today a member of the European Union.

Nursing care of persons having dementia diseases affecting the frontal lobes, sets special demands on the staff, but the knowledge about how to best tailor nursing care is sparse. The aim of the study was to illuminate possibilities and difficulties in nursing care of persons having dementia diseases with frontal lobe dysfunction and was carried out as a descriptive, qualitative study, based on a review of medical records and interviews with nursing staff (n=10) that was analysed with qualitative content analysis. The difficulties were related to the patients lack of inhibition and judgement, anxiety, agitation, reduced ability to care for physical needs, egocentrism, imbalance between rest and activity, and depressed mood. The possibilities were seen in relation to the nursing staffs professional encounter, characterised by being distinct and consequent, being a step ahead, being flexible and catch the moment, being calm and create a positive atmosphere, being close and trusting and being and doing together. To receive continuous feedback and support was a prerequisite for the staffs? engagement.

Bakgrund: För att hjälpa psykiskt funktionshindrade att leva ett självständigt liv i samhället trädde 1995 sykiatrireformen i kraft och med den skulle livssituationen för psykiskt funktionshindrade förbättras och deras möjligheter till gemenskap och delaktighet i samhället öka. En strategi för att förbättra stödet till personer med psykiskt funktionshinder var att de skulle få stöd av ett personligt ombud. Deras uppdrag kallas för det trefaldiga uppdraget och innebär att företräda psykiskt funktionshindrade och att se till att olika organisationers insatser för den enskilde samordnas. De personliga ombuden kommer därav att påverka och samspela med de olika offentliga myndigheterna som redan har uppdraget att bistå med stödinsatser. En följd av detta arbete är att man som ombud kommer att se mönster och systemfel i de offentliga organisationernas uppdrag som gör att psykiskt funktionshindrade inte får sina behov tillgodosedda utan ?faller mellan stolarna.?.