The aim of this study was to conduct an instrument test of the Canadian questionnaire Alberta Context Tool (ACT) version Long-Term care for Swedish conditions. ACT is designed in order to measure the context in the care environment and different behaviours related to the changes in clinical practice. In total, 159 Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) and Registered Nurses (RNs) within municipality care of the elderly were included in the survey. The test included the instrument's reliability and face validity.The reliability test was implemented through calculation of Cronbach´s Alpha, and showed internal consistency for five of the scales of the ACT-instrument with Cronbach´s Alpha values ranging between 0,728 and 0,873. However, three dimensions got lower values (0,558 - 0,683).The analysis was carried out with content analysis and carried out for LPNs and RNs in separate groups.

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of internal medicine and clinical nutritionAbstractTitle: Does omega-3 mitigate skin symptoms in psoriatic patients? ? A systematic review about the effects of supplementationAuthor: Anita Borgmästars and Sara LinderSupervisor: Mette AxelsenExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: May 22, 2012Background: Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease with high prevalency. Its treatment is time-consuming and associated with many side effects. Therefore alternative forms of treatment, among them omega-3 supplementation, have been investigated. Omega-3 is a family of polyunsaturated fatty acids whose metabolites participate in the regulation of inflammatory reactions in tissues and may therefore have a positive effect on skin symptoms in patients with psoriasis.Objective: To determine if omega-3 supplementation has a beneficial effect on skin symptoms in psoriasis compared to omega-6 supplementation by rating the evidence quality in available studies.Search strategy: The literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Scopus and Amed.

This is a qualitative study with the aim to find out how caregivers in a resourcegroup experince their work situation. We wanted to know how they where treated by the ordinary staff and what strains and possibilities they can encounter in their daily work. We used semistructured interviews to answer our questions.We found out that the ordinary staff of caregivers always treated the resourcegroup like one of them. A strain that the resourcegroup experienced was the shortage of time which sometimes resulted in that they felt stressful. The resourcegroup work on different floors each day, giving them a chance to see and learn new things.

Sahlgrenska AcademyAt University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstract:Titel: Effect on muscle building associated with alcohol intake after exerciseAuthor: Frida Bond och Linnea DanielssonSupervisor: Frode SlindeExamminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDatum: May 26, 2014Background: Drinking alcohol is often used as something to spice up weekdays as well as more festive occasions. The reverse aspect of alcohol consumption is that the body sees alcohol as toxic and therefore the basis for a number of diseases. Exercise and physical activity have been proven to be good for several welfare diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Among people in general, opinion is divided as to how exercise combined with alcohol affects muscle building, but what do science say? Objective: The purpose of this review article is to analyze and summarize the existing scientific data about how the structure of muscles is affected in relation to alcohol intake after exercise.

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Is pricing a way to affect share of fruits and vegetables in a diet?Author: Maria PopovSupervisor: Heléne Bertéus ForslundExaminer: Ingrid LarssonProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: May 23, 2013Background: Fruits and vegetables (FV) are important for health, including occurrence of diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Said diseases cause most cases of illness and death in high-income countries. Only a small part of the population achieves the FV-intake goal, so a higher FV-intake is desirable. Besides general information campaigns there is another method of influencing what people might buy.Objective: To examine whether different pricing is connected to FV-intake or ?purchase.Search strategy: Databases PubMed, Scopus and Summon were searched with ?vegetable consumption", "price/pricing policy" and "food choice? in different combinations.Selection criteria: Studies performed after year 2000 on at least 18 years old persons from North America, Europe or Australia, examining changes in FV-price and -purchase.

Title: Alexander Technique - Different thoughts on the Alexander Technique and its effect on the singing voice. Does singing lessons cause tension in the student? What should you as a teacher consider to avoid situations that cause tension? This examination is based on interviews. The persons who have been interviewed are singing students, singing teachers and teachers in the Alexander Technique. The literature and the interviews describe the Alexander Technique as a method that, with support of a teacher of the Alexander Technique, helps you to recreate the balance between the cranium, neck and spine.

Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition3AbstractTitle: How does isoflavones in combination with soy protein impact cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic postmenopausal women relative to milk protein?Author: Emma Edberg och Emma NilssonSupervisor: Lena HulthénExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician stydy programme,180/240 hpType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: 2014-05-26Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the number one cause of death among women in Western countries. Declining levels of estrogen at menopause could be a contribution factor. Isoflavones is a vegetable substance, with structural and functional similarities to the human estrogen. This is a potential reason for possible cholesterol-lowering effects.

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Effects of isoflavone supplementation from soybeans on LDL-cholesterol levels in adultAuthors: Malin Blomgren Alegria and Ruut ReivaaraSupervisor: Lena HulthénExaminer: Frode SlindeProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: 2013-04-08Background: One of the most common causes of death in Sweden is due to cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack and stroke. Hypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In Asia, hypercholesterolemia is less common than in the Western countries. In Asian countries, soy products are consumed in larger quantities than in the Western world, which has led to implemented research with the intention of examining soy's potential effect on cholesterol levels.Objective: To investigate whether there is scientific evidence that isoflavone supplementation from soy bean may have a lowering effect on LDL-cholesterol.Search strategy: The databases used for the systematic literature search were PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane. Keywords used were cholesterol and 9 versions of this, and isoflavones and 11 versions of that.Selection criteria: RCT articles, on humans, written in English, published from 2011 onwards, that focused on interventions with isoflavones from soybeans and its effect on blood cholesterol, the participants were over 18 years old and the study time was at least 24 weeks.

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Whole fat versus low-fat dairy products for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. A systematic review.Author: Josefine Lindqvist, Robin Järnmark, Mathilde OhlinSupervisor: Mette AxelsenExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: 2014-04-09BackgroundResearch indicates that dairy products seems to have a protective impact on the incidence of cardiovascular disease regardless fat content. Paradoxically the Nordic nutrition recommendations recommend an exchange of full fat dairy product to low-fat dairy products.ObjectiveThe aim of this review is to investigate whether the variation in fat content of dairy products have any bearing on the onset of cardiovascular disease. With regard to common risk markers for cardiovascular disease the outcome measures hypertension, hyperlipidemia and weight gain is examined.Search strategyThe searches were made in the databases Medline (23/1-14) and Scopus (6/2-14).Selection criteriaRestrictions: Human Studies, Adults, Randomized Controlled Trials, English.Data collection and analysisTwo RCTs were included. Validation of the separate studies was performed with SBU's review template for individual studies and GRADE was used for summarizing the evidence of outcome measuresMain resultsThe two included studies examined the outcome measures blood pressure, weight and blood lipids.

Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgDepartment of Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Does coffee consumption affect the risk of stroke?Author: Jenny KällSupervisor: Heléne Bertéus ForslundExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: May 22, 2012___________________________________________________________________________Background: The widespread consumption of coffee worldwide makes this drink interesting to study from a public health perspective. Even minor health effects may be important for the whole population. Stroke patients require the largest number of days spent in hospitals and nursing homes than any other medical condition group. Risk factors for stroke include smoking, high alcohol intake, physical inactivity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, high waist-hip ratio and diabetes.

The purpose of this paper was to learn more about the strategies used by senior high school librarians and teachers in educating their students' information skills, such as criticism of the information sources. The paper was based upon qualitative interviews with one senior high school librarian and three senior high school teachers. The respondents were asked to spontaneously tell me about their counseling strategies when the students do research assignments in medicine-oriented subjects. The respondents? narratives were analyzed with Carol Collier Kuhlthau?s theories about the information search process and its levels of mediation, as well as with literature about counseling strategies in mind.

Vi har gjort vårt kandidatarbete på en webbyrå i Stockholm som heter Boman Communication. Där har vi gjort en databasdriven webbplats i flash och asp. Webbplatsen är ett komplement till en kurs som heter EBM. Kursen EBM hålls av myndigheten SBU som i sin tur är en kund till Boman. Målgruppen för EBM och därmed också webbplatsens målgrupp är bland annat professorer och läkare inom medicin och vård.

Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Changes in blood pressure by replacing regular coffee with decaffeinated coffee,in healthy, normotensive subjectsAuthor: Linnéa Adolfsson and Hillevi Pilgren SautterSupervisor: Lena HulthénExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 ECTSDate: April 12, 2012Background Hypertension is a risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease, which is themost common cause of premature death. Contributing factors to hypertension are genetics,lifestyle and nutrition. Earlier studies have shown that coffee may increase blood pressure.Objective To investigate the scientific basis whether replacing regular coffee with decaffeinatedcoffee would affect blood pressure in healthy, normotensive subjects.Search strategy Searches have been done in databases; PubMed and Scopus in February 2012.Keywords used were: ?coffee blood pressure?, ?coffee cardiovascular disease?, ? kaffeblodtryck?, ?kaffe hjärtkärlsjukdom?, ?coffee and decaffeinated coffee?, ?decaffeinated coffeeand blood pressure?, ?decaffeinated coffee and cardiovascular disease? and ?exchangedecaffeinated coffee?.Selection criteria Studies with healthy, normotesive subjects, >15 years old, BMI < 30, morethan one week of intervention, randomized controlled trails and human trials were included.Only trials using caffeine from coffee versus decaffeinated coffee and studies in English andSwedish were accepted. Exclusion criteria were other interventions such as weight loss, changesin diet, medications or stress tests.Data collection and analysis Studies were selected after inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionTitle: Can nutritional support contribute to the healing of pressure ulcers in elderly patients?Author: Anton Kinnander, Sandra SmidelikSupervisor: Elisabet RothenbergExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: 12-04-11Background The number of elderly patients with co-morbidity is increasing in the western world. It is therefore reasonable to predict increasing incidence and prevalence of pressure ulcers. One study, published 2009, found that as many as 59 % of geriatric patients within the Swedish health care system had developed pressure ulcers. Symptoms vary from mild erythema to severe deep tissue damage and development of pressure varies from hours to weeks.

Sjuksköterskor är den största yrkesgruppen inom hälso- och sjukvården, de har en viktig roll och potential när det handlar om att arbeta utifrån forskning samt med hjälp av den utveckla vården. Studier visar dock att sjuksköterskor utnyttjar tillgänglig forskning i begränsad omfattning. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva faktorer som hindrar och, eller främjar sjuksköterskans användande av evidensbaserad omvårdnad. Sökningar har skett i databaserna CINAHL och PubMed med sökorden Nursing practice, evidence based/Evidence-based nursing som ämnesord och Barriers, Facilitate, Implementation och Utilization som fritextord. Därigenom har totalt 14 vetenskapliga artiklar identifierats, vilka litteraturstudiens resultat bygger på.