A major issue that has been a subject for quite some time is whether there will be a scarcity of metals in the bedrock in the future and whether or not we might end up with a problem similar to that of the big oil crisis in the mid-seventies. Following the oil crisis many oil companies started up with risk management to control future risks. This work presents how Swedish mining companies work with risk management to handle risks that might come up in the future due to metal scarceness. How Swedish mining companies look at the possible metal scarceness and if they use risk management in their decision-making process is studied. By doing interviews with Swedish owned mining companies it was found that the mining companies did not see the future metal scarcity as a risk, even though 2/3 of the companies acknowledged the scarceness to be a reality.

SammanfattningDetta examensarbete undersöker hur ett globalt industriföretag arbetar med kunskapshantering utifrån ettKnowledge management-perspektiv. Målföretaget undersöks genom Talent management-konceptet People Equity. Vi baserar vår uppsats på empiri bestående av tolv kvalitativa intervjuer med medarbetare från företaget. Våra teoretiska utgångspunkter grundas primärt på Alvesson och Kärremans deskriptiva modell om hur företag arbetar med kunskapsstyrning, Model of managerial intervention. Utifrån analys av insamlad empiri placerar vi ut målföretaget på ovan nämnda matris.

This report contains a risk analysis of transportation of dangerous goods in Kalmar. The analysis is based on quantitative data and an evaluation of the risks based on both the probability of occurring accidents as well as the consequences of those. The risks are presented as both individual and societal risks..

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate why Linas Matkasse has greater success in terms of market share than Middagsfrid despite the similarities of their concepts. The study will also examine potential and existing customers' image of the brands and corporate brand awareness.Method: This study is based on a triangulation in which both quantitative and qualitative methods are treated in the form of personal interviews and a questionnaire survey.Theoretical perspectives: Four theories are addressed in this study and they treat the brand from different aspects. The theories process how to create value, personality dimensions, how companies should act and strategies around brand.Empiricism: The empirical material consists of five interviews, one of which was with the brand manager at Middagsfrid. Then two interviews were conducted with consumers of Linas Matkasse and two interviews with consumers of Middagsfrid. A questionnaire survey has also been conducted.

Fastighetsbranschen är en kapitalintensiv bransch baserad på fastighetsinvesteringar med varierande karaktärer. Vid fastighetsinvesteringar är det viktigt för fastighetsbolagen att veta vilken operationell risk som föreligger för att, utifrån ett finansiellt perspektiv, skapa sunda fastighetsinnehav. Denna studie har därför som syfte att kartlägga de 15 börsnoterade svenska fastighetsbolagens operationella risker, baserat på fastighetsbestånd, i förhållande till bolagens kapitalstruktur och finansiella risk. Studiens slutsats blev att det inte finns något tydligt samband mellan fastighetsbolagens operationella risk och såväl deras kapitalstruktur som deras finansiella risk. Till sist konstaterades att de svenska fastighetsbolagens operationella risk har närmat sig varandra delvis beroende på att fastighetsklassernas totalavkastning är starkt korrelerade..

Frågeställning: Hur profileras ett företags corporate branding identity i reklamkampanjer till utlandet och hur stort utrymme får nationstillhörigheten i denna kontext? Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur, varför och i vilken utsträckning företag använder sig av corporate branding i sin marknadsföring till utlandet, samt värdet av och i vilken utsträckning nationstillhörigheten används i det avseendet. Genomförande: Uppsatsen utgår ifrån teori omfattande traditionell marknadsföring, varumärken och reklam, nationsvarumärken och nationers image vilket relateras till corporate branding och modellen the corporate branding toolkit. Med hjälp av en semiotisk näranalys, av en av respektive företags kampanjer, försöker författarna skönja hur företagens corporate branding identity och nationstillhörighet speglas i marknadsföringen. Summering: Även om det bör råda balans mellan komponenterna i ett företags corporate branding identity kan tyngdpunkten variera beroende på företag.

Abstract. Risk assessment for future violence is an important part of today's forensic psychiatry, and including dynamic risk factors in risk assessment is important because it has been shown that risk can change over time. However, previous research has suggested that perpetrators of homicide are different than perpetrators of other violent crimes. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze risk assessments of future violence for forensic psychiatric patients convicted for homicide (n = 45) and forensic psychiatric patients convicted for assault (n = 91). To do this, differences within the groups and between the groups were analyzed.

Some children develop externalizing and internalizing behavior problems at an early age. Previous research has often treated these children as a homogeneous group, the purpose of this study is to show that this group of children is in fact heterogeneous. Data from theSOFIAstudy was used and preschool pedagogues were informants. The sample contained 2121 boys and girls between 3-5 years. Groups of children with the behavior problems and the risk factors AD/HD symptoms, fearlessness and callous-unemotional traits were created.

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to study the 45 funds, divided into three differentdivisions, then the result will provide a greater understanding of how returns change with ahigher risk.Methodology: The study is based on a quantitative approach. The survey was conducted bygathering raw data from databases and secondary data from literature, printed and electronicsources.Theoretical perspectives: The study is based on the theory: the efficient markethypothesis, which argues that future returns can not be calculated as the market is fullyinformed. The study is therefore studying historical yields.Empirical foundation: Empirical data are acquired from www.morningstar.se, andtherefore also treated on this page. The material is then divided into documents and time axes.Conclusions: The study has shown that high-risk funds give a higher percentage returns thanmedium-and low-risk funds. However, does not imply a higher risk automatically earn ahigher return when the low-risk funds have shown a higher yield than medium-risk funds.

SummaryThe purpose of this thesis is to examine what effect the IFRS 2 has on earnings, equity, financial strength and return on equity for listed Swedish companies with active stock option plans. The purpose is further to investigate the companies? attitudes towards IFRS 2 and to find out if companies tend to deviate from stock option plans due to the changed accounting rules. We also want to examine the view of IFRS 2 from an auditor?s perspective.We have used a deductive approach and a mix of quantitative and qualitative research methods with a view to get a completely clear picture within the field of study.

 Problem: For what type of investors are index funds versus exchange-traded index funds best suited?Objective: The purpose of the paper is to determine how an index fund or an exchange-traded index fund (ETF) suits different types of investors with different requirements in terms of time frame, investment size and purpose of investment. The comparison is based on fees and trade practicality. This is going to describe the advantages and disadvantages with the two different financial instruments.Method: The study is a comparative study using two methods; one of which is a case study, the other is a qualitative interview. The case study focuses on fees and is made on an exchange traded fund (XACT OMXS30) and a simple equity index fund (Erik Pensér equity enhanced index).

SAMMANFATTNINGDetta examensarbete är baserat på en uppgift från Small Domestic Appliances (småhushållsprodukter) på Electrolux. Arbetet har handlat om att få in mer naturliga materialmed ?premium? känsla i deras produkter, annat än plast och rostfritt stål.Materialundersökningen har inkluderat: glas, trä, keramik och dekorativa tillämpningarför metall och plast. Hur en användare upplever ett material har också undersökts.Information har samlats in i två undersökningar; en om trender, marknad ochkonkurrenter samt en om material, leverantörer, tillverknings- och ytbehandlingsmetoder.Tre subjektiva test har gjorts på taktilitet för att få reda på hur vissa material upplevs avanvändare. Testerna utfördes med hjälp av materialprover, frågeformulär ochtestpersoner.Ett objektivt test på friktion utfördes också där friktionskoefficienten mellan ett materialsyta och fingertopparna räknades ut.

AbstractTitle: Cheap Monday ? A qualitative study of the consumers? opinions of the brand (Cheap Monday ? En kvalitativ studie av konsumenternas åsikter om märket)Number of pages: 38 (40 including enclosures)Author: Oskar NorlanderTutor: Göran SvenssonCourse: Media and Communication Studies CPeriod: Autumn 2007University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala UniversityPurpose/Aim: The purpose of this essay is to examine from the customers? perspective how the Swedish jeans-brand Cheap Monday in just three years time could become such a prominent brand on the Swedish market. An additional purpose is to examine whether there is some kind of brand community connected to the brand or not.Material/Method: The main method used in this essay has been qualitative interviews with ten consumers of the brand. The answers from these interviews has then been analysed using two different theories, Keller?s Customer Based Brand Equity and Muniz and O?Guinnn?s Brand Community.Main results: The main results of this essay is that Cheap Monday is a brand that has become successful due to people?s perception of who the users of the brand are.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to do a brand survey of Metro in Karlstad. The study will originate from the terms ?brand identity? and ?brand associations?, where the brand identity is the organization?s desired view of the brand, and the brand associations define the associations held by the consumers.Issues: What is Metro?s brand identity? What are the brand associsations of Metro in Karlstad? How well do the brand identity and the brand associations correspond?Theoretical framework: The study is done from the perspective of media and communication studies, where the theoretical terms are defined from literature regarding brands.Method: The study is carried out using a qualitative document analysis, interviews, and a quantitative survey. The document analysis was made on Metro?s own documents regarding values and target audience.

In this paper the effect of capital structure on profitability has been investigated among Swedish companies. The essay intends to examine how the relationship between debt and profitability appear among Swedish companies and if the relationship differs between industries. The purpose is to find out how debt affects the profitability of Swedish companies.A quantitative approach has been applied. The selection was made among companies listed on Nasdaq OMX Stockholm, which resulted in a sample of 207 companies. Several regression analyzes has been formed, based on the independent variable debt-ratio and the dependent variables profit margin, pre-tax profit margin, operating margin, return on assets and return on equity.