This essay aims to examine how three active history teachers in the upper secondary school interprets the new course plan for history in gy11. The essay shows how they discuss and express opinions regarding three main keywords - historical awerness, use of history and source criticism, and finally, how they think they need to change the way they teach..

The national spatial planning guidelines and the subsequent legal regulation in the Natural Resources Act and the Environmental Code has been a part of the Swedish planning system for almost 40 years. In the recent years, critics have claimed that the regulations are outdated and does not work the way it was intended. This paper examines closer why it is perceived that the regulations does not work, with a focus on how the national interests are managed in the municipal planning. Why is the national interests not applied in the municipal planning as intended? Is the error in the system or in the implementation of it? The aim of this essay is to study the gap between theory and practice by studying how the land management provisions in the Environmental Code is applied in five selected municipalities. The aim is also to find interesting issues for futher studies of the topic.

The aim of the following paper has been to test the democratic peace theory through applying it on the conflict between Russia and Georgia in 2008.  This to either falsify the theory or come to the conclusion that the states? democracy was not satisfactory in regards to the definition of liberal democracy. The questions asked are: Was Russia and Georgia democratic states? Is democracy a protection from war? And which aspects of the liberal democratic theory, if any, were not satisfactory in either of the countries? The results show that the democratic peace theory is valid in this case and that neither one of the states were democratic.

Each student in elementary school will under current policy documents have an individual development plan (IEP) from 1 January 2006. The plan should primarily aim for a higher goal achievement, but also to the student to gain a greater understanding of their own learning process and knowledge. My experience is that some students, despite efforts IUP have difficulty seeing their own learning process and it has been the starting point of my study. The aim of the study has been to investigate and analyze teachers work with individual development plans from the first grade to the sixth grade from a teacher's perspective. The goal was to identify strategies and techniques that could help develop IUP as a tool for the student's learning and understanding of their own learning process.

Gymnastics is a reoccurring event in the physical education of many students. Despite this, there is still today limited research which describes the students? perspective and interest for this activity and if there are any differences between genders. The purpose of this study has therefore been to investigate students? interest for gymnastics and if there are any experiences, which can affect this interest.

The essay is about how immigrant pupils are integrated into the Swedish school and society. I have studied how teachers work with integrating these pupils and if there is a plan of act used in their work. The essay is also about how social relations can be used as a pedagogical resource by the teachers when the institutional framework and support is failing..

The purpose of this thesis was to increase the understanding and discuss safety aspects in two stairwells on Nyforsgatan in Eskilstuna, where the buildings were built during the years 1965-1975. I have presented a proposal for improvement through lighting. I have through different methods, such as surveys, interviews, literature studies and observations, come to a conclusion: that there are opportunities for improvement through better lighting that allows orientation in space and creates a nice atmosphere which will remove the feeling of not being safe, e.g. dark corners and shadows. It has been an exciting process to gather enough of facts to rely on and to develop the lighting design for the environments.

The thoughts of a common school for all children have been around since the 1800?s but was something that was introduced in Sweden first in 1962. When the curriculum for primary school came in 1980 there was a new concept, a school for all. With a school for all it was aimed that all children should have the right to participation and a common education no matter what needs they could have.During my education I have come across the concept a school for all and that is something that interested me. Today?s curricula and school laws aim to ensure that all children have the right to equal education and inclusion whatever needs you have.The purpose of this study is to find out some pedagogues? thoughts and work around the concept a school for all.

The aim of this study was to identify and make transitions in Swedish preschool-class-9-years elementary schools visible with a special-needs educational perspective. Transitions in focus were those between preschool-class and primary school, between grade three and four and the last between grade six and seven.In the 1960?th Swedish elementary school were devided into three levels; primary school, intermediate level school and upper level lower secondary school. Those levels were officially removed when the curriculum of 1994 was introduced. However, in some way such levels still exist, for example in organisation and structure of schools, the curriculum and teacher education.How did school leaders design transitions between levels and which tools were used? What kind of information was transferred to help children with special needs and what was the role of the special pedagogue in the transition process?The study was a combination of a quantitative and qualitative method, a questionnaire survey complemented with qualitative interviews with special pedagogues in three schools in a middle-sized Swedish town.The result of the study shows that schools in focus had a work plan.

Karlskrona har varit en stängd stad för utländska besökare under en period på 300 år men flera delar av staden har också varit stängd för allmänheten. Ett exempel på ett stängt område är Stumholmen som öppnades på 90-talet inför bomässan som hölls på ön år 1993. Stadsdelen har hyllats för sin varsamma ombyggnation men människors vistelse på ön har inte varit konfliktfri. Det har varit förändringar i den fysiska miljön samt användning av de offentliga rummen som legat till grund för konflikterna. Konflikterna har bidragit till ett stort missnöje bland de som vistas där men också till att Stumholmen övervakas sommartid.

Bakgrund:Palliativ vård innebär lindrande åtgärder, vilket innebär att effekterna av sjukdomen lindras men själva sjukdomen botas inte. Denna vård är en helhetsvård som bygger på en vårdfilosofi med syftet att bevara livskvalité när bot inte längre är möjligt. Oavsett diagnos och var människan vårdas ska palliativ vård omfatta alla människor. Frågor kring demenssjukdom och palliativ vård har problematiserats dels på grund av dess komplexitet och dels på grund av bristande kunskaper inom områden både hos närstående och hos vårdpersonal. Människor med demenssjukdom är en sårbar grupp, deras autonomi är begränsad och förmåga att fatta egna beslut varierar.Syftet:Med denna studie var att beskriva sjuksköterskans erfarenheter och upplevelser av att upprätta individuell vårdplan (IVP) vid livets slut för personer med en demenssjukdom.Metod:Resultatet bygger på åtta intervjuer med sjuksköterskor yrkesverksamma inom äldrevården med demensinriktning.

Is it possible that by planning in a more sustainable way when building a new area, we can improve our environment?Most environmental problems are created in cities and therefore they should hold the solution. Through a more ecological urban planning a better foundation for sustainable housing could be created.This report follows the process in coming up with a proposal for a master plan for an area in Odense, Denmark. By going through principles for sustainable urban planning made by different organizations and persons and from these extract main principles, a background is founded to continue the proposal from.Denmark works a lot on expanding their green areas, maintain the existing ones and recreate what?s being destroyed as cities expand.

This thesis has created an image of the exchange of information among teachers in the Swedish upper secondary school. The study indicates that the exchange of information seems to be limited at all levels and the exchange that takes place outside the own teaching team occurs mainly through teachers personal networks. The study also shows barriers that may exist and the opportunities that an increased exchange may generate. From the picture that the empirical material provides and the theory that is presented a discussion is made around how IT can best support the organizational learning in schools. A concrete proposal is that at national level an IT platform should be created, which primarily focuses on materials that are created by its users and has an open architecture with a single login..

The representative democracy has become weakened during the last decades. At the same time the United Nations declared at the Rio de Janeiro meeting in 1992 that environmental problems can best be solved by involvement of all concerned citizens in decision-making. The main purpose of this study has been to examine if citizens panels is a possible way to involve citizens in environmental decision-making and what the outcomes can be. Furthermore the study has investigated what the participation has contributed to environmental politics and how representative the results have been. This has been carried out by investigating the Piteåpanel in the municipality of Piteå by conducting interviews.The result of the study shows that the involvement of the citizens in the decision-making influenced the environmental politics of the municipality.

Protracted social conflicts, as those in Cyprus and Northern Ireland, are based on deep rooted perceptions of identity and definitions of "the other". According to the theory of discursive conflict transformation, war is primarily a social phenomenon, which is legitimated by a discourse of identity defined in terms of exclusionist boundaries and structural ideas of the social relations in society. In order to develop positive peace, the discourse of violence has to be challenged and the discursive structures that enable war have to transform into a counterdiscourse of inclusion and individuality. For the purpose of making a critical peace analysis, I have, with the assistance of established conflict theories, analysed the basic ideas behind the the Annan Plan and the Belfast Agreement and thus been able to interpret to what extent they may foster positive peace. I argue, that in order to provide basic needs on a group basis, power sharing arrangement, based on ethnicity or religion, exacerbates division rather than ameliorating it.