Various problems with nail disorders have been noticed in the Swedish population of Giant Schnauzer, but the frequencies of these problems are unknown. This could be due to the fact that bad nail quality has several differential diagnoses and lack of diagnostic criteria and diagnostic codes for nail disorders. The main purpose of this study is to review different types of claw defects and diseases of the nail bed in dogs, and to classify and evaluate the proportions in the Swedish Giant Schnauzer population. The nail is a specialized part of the skin. The quick will strengthen and protect the third phalang against the surrounding.

Today, our cows experience a harder pressure to achieve higher milk yield. To manage this challenge the animal needs first class feeding and treatment. An important aspect of the feeding is to fulfil the need from the cows of especially fiber; and fiber with a sufficient proportion of long particles. Both too much and too little fiber is bad for the wellbeing of the cow, and she might get diseases like acidosis. Many models for feed management have been developed to secure that the animal gets enough of e.g. fiber with a sufficient proportion of long particles.

Today there are many students with behavioral and developmental disorders in schools. One of these disorders is ADHD. The medical designation ADHD stands for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. I have chosen to research how two students with ADHD can be included in a fifth grade classroom.This research paper addresses the issues surrounding the student?s day-to-day life with a focus on the classroom.

The cardiovascular system is one of the three major body systems. When an animal in a critical state arrives at the animal hospital, it is important to know the normal parameters in order to assess the patient?s cardiovascular status. Triage is a process where you considerate the patient?s condition instead of check in time, or other criteria.

AimThe purpose of this degree thesis was to find out what strategies and behaviours earlier overweight individuals have used to maintain their weight loss.- What strategies did the participants use to loose weight?- Which behaviours are related with maintained weight loss?MethodThe study is based on an encase research with earlier overweight individuals who had lost weight with help of the Cambridge method. The chosen population who further more had maintained their weight for over one year have answered questions about their successfully maintained weight loss.ResultsThe results are based on 32 overweighed individuals, 9 men and 23 women, who had maintained their weight loss for over one year. After the initial weigh loss by help of the Cambridge method their main strategy was to change eating behaviour ? by eating on regular schedule, choose food with less fat ? and to increase their physical activity.

Bakgrund: Ätstörning är en allvarlig och komplex sjukdom. Den är svår att bemöta för vårdpersonal och en känsla av maktlöshet inför vårdandet av dessa patienter är vanlig. Det är många gånger svårt att få patienten att inse allvaret i sjukdomen och ilska hos sjuksköterskan kan väckas när försök till hjälp avvisas. Syfte: Att belysa sjuksköterskans möjligheter, svårigheter och hinder för att stödja tillfrisknande hos ungdomar med ätstörningar. Metod: En litteraturstudie, som grundar sig i analys av 6 kvalitativa studier valda från databaser CINAHL och SCOPUS.

Syftet med denna studie är att göra en jämförelse mellan pojkarnas och flickornas tal- och språksvårigheter/språkstörningar i elva förskoleklasser..

Sväljkapacitet kan skilja sig åt mellan olika åldrar och kön. Detta kan inverka på prestationen på så kallade vattensväljtest. Ingen uttömmande studie har gjorts angående effekt av ålder, kön och vattenmängd på sväljförmåga hos friska vuxna i Sverige. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att presentera normdata för tre olika mått på sväljförmåga: sväljtid, sväljkapacitet och antal klunkar vid 1 respektive 2 dl vatten hos friska vuxna, samt att undersöka effekter av vattenmängd och ålder respektive kön på sväljförmågan. 239 vuxna deltagare stratifierades utifrån ålder och kön.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are common in individuals with computer based work. Thecurrently known risk factors for these disorders is in the literature derived to physical,organizational and individual factors. A recent survey of three working groups at a companyin Stockholm explored that more than 50% of the employees had neck and shoulder problems.Aim: The study aims to create a better understanding for the current musculoskeletalproblems at the company. Such an understanding is created by examining the physical,organizational and individual risk factors in the workplace and the result can provide a goodbasis for intervention proposals.Method: In order to answer the aim of the study the authors chosed to use both qualitativeand quantitative methods of data collection through interviews and questionnaire survey. Theinterview and questionnaire was designed to create both a specific and comprehensive pictureof the physical, organizational and individual risk factors having a bearing effect on theexisting MSD problem.Result: Seven categories were compiled from interviews, which largely deals with the factthat high demands can lead to behaviors that may pose a significant risk for the occurrence ofMSD.

Horses are by nature herbivores, specialized on grass, and graze during the main part of the day. The horse has neither changed this basic behaviour nor the function of gastro-intestinal tract, when the horse was domesticated by man. A horse on pasture has an even production of saliva and gastric acids. The buffering effect of the saliva makes the pH in the stomach above four throughout most of the day. With abnormal long breaks of eating, the pH may decrease, causing an increased risk of gastric ulcer.

ABSTRACTBackground: Children and adolescents growing up in families where parents have serious problems are exposed to an increased risk of developing poor mental or physical health themselves. In a support group work they can meet other children in the same situation, receive help and support to process their emotions and manage their everyday life.Aim: To investigate if support group work at Trappan can reduce the psychological problems load and increase the experience of life quality, hopefulness and optimism in children and adolescents growing up in families where either addiction or mental illness occur in one of the parents. The purpose was also to investigate if there was any difference between these both child groups regarding psychological problems load, experience of life quality, hopefulness and optimism before and after support group participation.Method: Questionnaire study on children and adolescents of parents with addiction or mental illness. The children participated in support group work at Trappan. The measuring?s were conducted before and after support group participation.Results: In both groups an increased life quality in connection to finished support group participation was observed.

AbstractThe purpose with this essay is to get knowledge about the consequences that speech-defects bring for children in pre-school ages. I got interested in this matter when I, during my teaching practice, got in touch with children carrying this specific disorder. I chose to apply qualitative interview as a method to investigate this and as a starting-point I used these aspects: How does speech-defects affect learning, understanding, friendship relations, and development in general?I interviewed three pre-school teachers in two different schools. One school in a smaller district and the other one in a middle-sized town, in the middle of Sweden.

Modern milk production have come a long way when it comes to accommodating the nutritional and physiological needs of the animals, but unfortunately the behavioural and psychological needs of cows and heifers are often left unfulfilled. A long time for eating is beneficial for the digestion and also gives the cattle something to do and decreases the risks for developing abnormal behaviours. An important factor that influences eating- and ruminating time is the particle size of the roughage. The aim of the study was to find out if particle size influences the behaviour of dairy heifers, in particular with regard to eating behaviour and abnormal behaviours. The study was conducted at Uddetorp farm high school in Skara. Forty-two heifers of the breeds SR and SF were housed in 8 slatted floor pens.

Bakgrund: Ett stort antal patienter fullföljer inte sin behandling av ätstörningar på grund av att de känner sig missförstådda av vårdaren vilket kan leda till ett vårdlidande. Sjuksköterskors arbete är betydelsefullt då den vårdande relationen som hen fokuserar på anses vara mer läkande än den medicinska behandlingen. En väletablerad kontakt mellan vårdpersonal och patient är av stor betydelse för en god omvårdnad och en lyckad behandling.Syfte: Syftet med studien är att belysa sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter som lider av ätstörningar.Metod: En litteraturstudie har gjorts med utgångspunkt i Evans (2002) analysmetod. Analys av 10 vetenskapliga studier som har svarat till studiens syfte.Resultat: Fyra teman framkom som belyser sjuksköterskors erfarenheter kring attityder och beteenden, en vårdande relation, kunskap och känslor.Slutsats: Relationen mellan patient och vårdare är mycket viktig men också mycket komplext. Det är vår uppfattning att alla sjuksköterskor försöker med bästa möjliga förmåga sträva efter att lindra patienters lidande däremot är kunskapen om hur detta ska uppnås inte tillräckligt tydlig.

This study investigated relationships between high level language functions and phonological working memory in adults by correlating results oftests in a test battery used for investigating subtle language disorders and digit span task results. Results of two digit span tasks were analyzed in relation to demographic factors. 103 subjects without neurological disease, 20 ? 79 years old, participated. Significant correlations were found between the digit span tasks and most of the tests.