Rules on parental leave have over the years been the subject of several gender debates. The big question has particularly been whether a further individualization of the days should be established. Sweden is a relatively equal country but differences still exist between men and women in the labor market, such as differences in wages. A fact that is considered encouraging for this is the uneven distribution of parental leave between men and women. It has now been nearly 40 years since the introduction of the first parental insurance but we have still not achieved gender equality in working life which was the main purpose.The main purpose of this essay is to study the motives for the proposal of individualized parental leave, and in addition examine how this change of rules could impact on gender equality in the work place.

The purpose of this essay is to find out if liming with Ca(OH2) and CaO can reduce leachingof phosphorus from agricultural land and the problem with eutrophication. This purpose alsoincludes getting knowledge about how to make the phosphorus retained in the soil and beaccessible for the plants. This essay is supposed to show if more research is needed in thissubject. There has not been much research about this subject and therefore the amount ofmaterial to study is limited in this literature review. The research reports that have beenstudied have similar results.

For nearly twenty years people have been talking about Product models, but given that the building industry is so conservative, it is hard to implement new working methods. Product models are these days known as Building Information Modeling, BIM. People often say they work with BIM but they often forget the most important part, the information. A 3D model should be linked with characteristics and information. Information that can be invaluable for the facility manager.We have a vision that in the best of worlds the facility manager would be able to "walk" into the model and see what kind of installations are inside the wall or in the roof.

In recent years there has been an upsurge in products and activities designed for infants, what is known as baby culture. The essay is a discourse analysis covering the part of baby culture which is concerned with infants and books. The essay studies texts from libraries and children?s bookclubs in order to understand what it is they communicate, to whom and the conceivable consequences of the communicated message. One of the main purposes of the study is to determine what view of infants as social and cultural beings it  is that arises from the texts.

The thesis explores the phenomena of historic school gardens connected to elementary schools on Gotland, Sweden. Gotland had the highest percentage of school gardens connected to the elementary schools in Sweden, and by investigating this area much can be learned about the Swedish conditions. The study focus on the period in time when the school gardens were most frequent and used the most, to the point in time when they start losing ground. To bridge over the past to the present the thesis also investigates what is left and play with the thought of possible ways to treat the remains. The main question for the thesis is: How could a school garden on Gotland be constructed and be used 1907 ? 1947?And a follow up question is: What could still be there today and how can/should the remains be treated and conserved? The thesis begin with an overview look at the school gardens of Sweden, closes in with on Gotland and completes with a deeper investigation of two examples of school gardens; Bunge and Stenkumla elementary schools.

During the last few years the presence of high arsenic (As) concentrations in ground water has been of major concern both internationally and in Sweden. Much evidence has been reported about toxic effects caused by arsenic. The carcinogenic effects and the possibility to measure the toxic impacts at low concentrations made the World Health Organisation (WHO) to reduce the guideline value from 50 to 10 ?g l-1 in 1993. In Sweden the corresponding reduction was implemented in 2003. Several surveys in Sweden have shown that high arsenic concentrations may occur in ground water.

Vi har gjort en fallstudie på en lärare ? L.J, i år 1 utifrån hennes svenskundervisning. I år 1 består denna undervisning mest av läs- och skrivinlärning. Hennes klasser har ofta goda resultat i olika läsförståelsetexter, och vi var nyfikna på varför. Under vår utbildning har många önskat få svar om vilken metod som är ?bäst? vad gäller läs- och skrivinlärning.

This thesis is a study of how Norse religion and early Christianization is presented in three Swedish museum contexts. Empirical studies of the exhibitions relating to religion have been conducted at The Historical Museum in Stockholm, The Museum of Gotland and Östergötlands Museum and interviews with the museum staff compliment the empirical data. The concept of religion has been problematized to facilitate the analysis. The result of the study is that there are tendencies to make a hierarchical order between the different religions and that Christianity is an organized religion while the Norse religion is semi-organized..

As most developed countries Norway has an ageing population meaning that the number of pensioners is predicted to grow rapidly over the coming years. As a consequence the Norwegian pension system will not be able to provide for these future pensioners. Meanwhile, a rising number of early retirees and disability pension claimants is diminishing the real retirement age. Also the individual pension amount is growing while the pension system itself reaches maturity. In short, major reforms are needed in the Norwegian pension system.

Local cultural environment planning in Sweden often comes to rely on municipal heritage plans. These plans are meant to facilitate management of local cultural values, work as a tool for local planning and increase awareness of cultural environments for the public. In the last decades public participation in planning has become more and more of the ideal strategy, challenging the idea of cultural environment planning as an expert-led field. The idea of the field as one that implicates public participation as a strategy has been fortified in Sweden through national goals, government bills and conventions. Nevertheless the implementation of public participation in municipal heritage plans remains quite uncharted. The aim of this study is to explore public participation in regards to how municipal heritage plans are developed and the perception of public participation in cultural environment planning amongst professionals, comparing bigger and smaller municipalities.

In 1896, a French cinema pioneer named George Méliès demonstrated that an object could be set to motion by changing the objects shape or movement frame by frame. But it was not until the early 1900s that this specific genre of filmmaking became a great success. The animations were essentially short and were animated and published in The United States of America. The interest in animated movies began to increase, not only in the west, but also in Europe and Asia. The art of animation grew especially popular in Japan, and emerged as a parallel to Japanese comic books known more commonly as Manga.The history of Japanese animation is not as commonly known as the history of American animation.

The purpose of this Master?s thesis is to describe the library development in Sandviken, during a period from 1865 to 1945. I will mainly focus this examination on the two most significant libraries of the period; on one hand the library facilitated by the ironworks company, and on the other hand the library of the Workers? Educational Association (ABF). This study is carried out within a theoretical framework consisting of the two concepts paternalism and the formative moment, as formulated by Lars Magnusson and Bo Rothstein, respectively.

This paper contains a study where we apply cross media and storytelling into the design process of a practical commercial campaign. The purpose is to learn more and deeper by using cross media and the ideal of storytelling practical. We applied a qualitative method for research of the project to provide a high-quality empirical work. The result shows that by using well-structured story early in the design process you will easily succeed with your cross media design..

Traditionell marknadsföring och reklam i tidningar och på TV minskar, medan tilltron till word of mouth som informationskälla har ökat. Forskare har gjort en differentiering mellan så kallad organisk och konstruerad word of mouth där skillnaden ligger i att den förstnämnda uppstår naturligt ur en positiv upplevelse, medan den senare varianten sker som ett resultat av ett ekonomiskt utbyte med en tredje part. Det största företaget i Sverige som använder sig av konstruerad word of mouth som marknadsföringsstrategi är det webbaserade företaget Buzzador. Få studier har gjorts gällande word of mouth ur den utövande individens perspektiv. Syftet med denna studie är således att kvalitativt intervjua privatpersoner som är medlemmar på Buzzador för att undersöka deras upplevelser av tjänsten och uppkomsten av eventuella dilemman rörande deltagandet i konstruerad word of mouth.

What happens when historical theories are used as evidence in a trial? Is it possible for historians to use their own scientific tools when acting as participants in a juridical process? And how do judges deal with historical evidence? The aim of this study is to answer these questions by analyzing a specific trial, known as ?Härjedalsmålet?. Härjedalsmålet was a court case about the Sami people?s right to let their reindeer graze on private property grounds in Härjedalen during the winter season. Their claim to this right was based on prescription of time immemorial.