The current legislation on marketing of tobacco products creates problems for Swedish Match, and obstruct its marketing communications. The purpose of this paper is to investigate Swedish Match's marketing strategy of product category snuff, through a special exposure. In store placement has a great affects on customer buying behavior and studies have shown that 70-80 percent of all purchasing decisions are made in the store, which in turn provides great opportunity for retailers to use their marketing tools for influencing customer buying decisions.Our thesis study is to test a double exposure of snuff with the help of three special exposure. These three special exposures are fridge, fridge with a sign and sign. The purpose of the study is to test which of these three special exposures that have the greatest impact on sales.

A trading halt is a measure conducted by a securities exchange in order to reduce information imbalances between market participants, thus enabling a higher level of market efficiency. A market is said to be efficient when new information concerning a company is instantly reflected in its stock price, implying that abnormal stock returns cannot be systematically achieved in an efficient market. The purpose of this study is to examine the occurrence of abnormal stock returns following trading halts on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. The study is based on a sample of 64 trading halts executed between January 2003 and February 2008. Historical daily prices for stocks subject to trading halts during the period have been gathered from the Datastream Advance database, while information on date and time of trading halts have been collected from the Stockholm Stock Exchange website.

The study tries to increase the understanding of the phenomenon known as the Big bath, on the question whether the market accepts Big bath accounting principle or not. Big bath is an accounting theory meaning that a company is likely to increase its impairment in a specific year. This could be as a reaction on a change in the leadership, a depreciation of the result or maybe an external decrease in demand. Through a quantitative survey of the market it is examining whether the companies themselves are inclined to use the procedure and if the stock market accepts it. The study concludes that Big bath similar procedures are a fairly common accounting practice and that the stock market does not seem to mind. .

I modern utveckling av hårdvara ligger det stort fokus på att producera processorer med fler och fler kärnor. Därmed behöver även mjukvaran utvecklas för att på bästa sätt utnyttja all denna parallella potential. En stor del av detta är då att kunna dela data mellan flera parallella processer, vilket uppnås med hjälp av parallella samlingsdatatyper. En vanlig operation på samlingsdatatyper är att iterera denna. Studiens mål var att analysera prestanda och beteende hos ett flertal kända algoritmer för iteration av datasamlingen kö.

Inflammatory airway disease (IAD) is a respiratory disorder that most commonly affects young horses performing at a high level. The clinical signs are often mild but the disorder can cause a marked decrease in performance to a point where the horse has to be taken of training and competing. The aetiology underlying IAD is not yet fully understood. One current theory is that a type I-hypersensitivity reaction due to allergens in the environment is the cause in some horses. The most reliable diagnostic method is a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) since it reflects the inflammatory status in the most distal parts of the lungs, which are affected in IAD.

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of how cooperation functions between the health services and social services within Sollentuna County Municipal area regarding clients and simultaneous or double diagnoses. Focusing more specifically; the paper also aims to provide additionally, an inquiry as to how the implementation of the Gemensam Individuell Vårdplan (GIVP) (The Integrated Individual Service Care Programme or (GIVP) functions within the Sollentuna Municipal County Area. The questions asked in the paper are: How do the Municipal and County Council personnel experience how the (GIVP) system functions in Sollentuna? How do the Municipal Council and County Council personnel respectively describe their own and their cooperative sister services rolls in terms of the implementation of the GIVP system in practice? The projection activates a hypothesis and tries to explain how the cooperation functions and provides an assessment as to how it functions or not as may be the case in practise. The authors attempt to achieve this using a combination of methodologies.

When investigating mechanical problems it is often more convenient to deal with scalars rather than vectors. In this project methods stemming from the field of analytical mechanics, which lets one derive the equations of motion using scalar quantities instead of vectors, have been used. Two mechanical problems were investigated, a double pendulum with a spring and particles orbit in a sphere. The equations of motion of the two systems were derived with the assistance of computer algebra, using Maple and the external package Sophia. The systems were investigated with regard to periodicity and conserved quantities..

Dyskalkyli (specifika ra?knesva?righeter) a?r en av flera orsaker till matematiksva?righeter. Studier har pa?visat samband mellan dyskalkyli och dyslexi och att personer med dyskalkyli har sva?rt att klara skolmatematiken. Tva? skilda synsa?tt fo?rklarar orsaken till dyskalkyli: systemteorin och modula?rteorin.

ABSTRACTChlamydia and Chlamydophila are species of a family of bacteria (Chlamydiaceae) that cause a range of diseases, including conjunctivitis, in a variety of animals including pigs and humans. Some species cause zoonotic disease. This study examined the occurrence of Chlamydiaceae in samples taken from the lower eyelid conjunctiva in pigs with and without conjunctivitis. The study was initiated based on a herd investigation aimed to examine the experienced increase of conjunctivitis in some finisher herds. This study was conducted as a case-control study, by collecting samples from 62 case pigs (16-26 weeks old) and an equal number of controls, from three herds in Uppland, Sweden.

In veterinary medicine, penicillin is the most used antibiotic in Sweden. Two dosage forms of penicillin are available in Sweden for use in horses, sodium benzylpenicillin (Na-pc) and procaine benzylpenicillin (proc-pc). Proc-pc is the most used dosage form and is used for intramuscular administration which allows horse owners to treat an animal at home under veterinary instruction. Na-pc is only approved for intravenous use in horses. Penicillin is normally well tolerated by horses but a serious, sometimes life-threatening, adverse reaction called penicillin shock may occur.

Different methods for shelterwood cutting have been used in differ-ent parts of Europe since the middle ages. The use of shelter wood cutting in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forests in Sweden met a revival in the early 1990s as an alternative for the dominating clear-cutting system when silvicultural costs increased dramatically for the latter. Shelterwood cutting systems involve some possible problems but also a lot of positive effects. Among the problems are increased risk of wind throw and damage of the remaining shelter trees caused by the cutting operation. Positive effects are for example a valuable growth in the remaining trees and increased biological di-versity. This study is based on a total of 79 trees from 4 different treatments in a spruce shelterwood, cut in 1994, in the middle of Sweden (62,4º N).

This essay is an introduction to the intentions and purposes of the british play writer Sarah Kane (1971-1999). Her own voice is presented both via quotations linked to her work and by an explanation of her connections to the surrealist poet and actor Antonin Artaud. The main focus is on Kane?s second play, Phaedra?s Love, first performed in 1996. The play is analyzed in co-relation to La volonté de savoir, the first volume in Michel Foucault?s trilogy Histoire de la sexualité.

The purpose of this work was to provide a better understanding of urea?s decomposition and byproduct formation in an SCR system on heavy trucks. In my experimental setup with TGA-DSC-FTIR (a combination of two thermal analysis methods and a method for gas phase detection), an FTIR method for urea in the gas phase was developed for the qualitative and quantitative determination of urea and its decomposition products. Chemicals such as urea, biuret, cyanuric acid and melamine of p.a. quality were used in this method development. Beforehand, there was no FTIR method available to detect these substances; hence, the aim of this work was to develop an FTIR method to understand the degradation chain of urea. The combination of TGA and DSC was used for analysis of different samples, where urea, biuret, cyanuric acid and melamine in varying amounts have been weighted in for various experiments in order to study the temperature at which a phase transition or reaction occurs, i.e.

In this study we intend to evaluate the effect of cetirizin, orally administrated to horses with insect dermal hypersensitivity. The study comprised 156 horses from 49 farms, which were located in different parts of Sweden. The horses were matched on the farms and were given cetirizin or placebo in a double blind test. Veterinarians collected a blood sample and examined the horses visually, before and after three weeks of treatment and filled in given forms. The results are based on the veterinarians? subjective evaluation of the clinical appearance of the allergic dermatitis before and after treatment.

Swedish films are often based on the genres romance and comedy. The films dealing with relations and comedy can almost be seen as a genre of its own. The composition of the complex relation between the audience and the genre is the primary research focus of this thesis. With the teoretical ground in intertextuality, sociology and romances the thesis examines three relations in three different films. The films english titles are, Adam & Eva, Making Babies, and Double Shift.