In this essay there will be four text books from grade 1 studied, the first one are from the year 1976 and it will be going forward to the year 2012. The aim of this study is to see how the genders are depicted and represented, as well as what roles the genders are given. I do also want to see if there is a notable change in this over time. I will be doing a study based on the quantity of the contents, and I will also be doing a critical discourse analysis.The result of the study showed that there were more gender-based constructions that referred to women in all of the four books, which indicates that women are represented more often in these reading books. It is most common to portray the genders in their stereotypical roles, which again are present in society, but sometimes these roles are depart from what?s present in society.

The prevention of age discrimination in Sweden did not have any solvent grounds until directive 2000/78/EG was implemented into Swedish law. Today age discrimination has been banned for just over two years. This ground of discrimination has, compared to other existing grounds of discrimination in Swedish law, a lot more opportunities to make exceptions from. Given the fact that the exemption rules are vague, it is difficult to determine whether the protection against age discrimination is in fact a protection at all. The purpose of this essay is to describe what the law regarding age discrimination means.

The supply of uninterruptible power can be applied to many areas wherecontinuous operation is highly prioritized.The application of uninterruptible power for motor operation is facilitatedusing a frequency converter. Direct current operated frequency converters canbe applied directly to the power reserve which removes the need for additionalpower-converting.Batteries have long constituted the power reserve but advancements inthe development of ultracapacitors have created a viable substitution. Ultra-capacitors have high energy storing capabilities and can be applied to highpower applications.Maxwell is a leading manufacturing company of ultracapacitors and pro-vide different modules with built-in solutions for voltage balancing. Unevenvoltages between series-connected capacitors is a phenomenon caused by vary-ing capacitance. A configuration containing Maxwell?s 56V module is createdand constitutes the power reserve in the simulations.The discharge simulation shows a significant current that could damagethe system.

I januari 2009 sände Kalla fakta ett program om hur gäss plockas på dun levande. Dunet används för att fylla bland annat täcken och kuddar som säljs i Sverige. En rad stora svenska och internationella företag blev omnämnda i dokumentären som ledde till att många företag i dunbranschen drog på sig negativ publicitet.Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur Åhléns och Jysk har hanterat den negativa publiciteten och hur Kungsängen har lyckats att ta avstånd från den negativa publiciteten.En undersökningsmodell har byggts upp med hjälp av teorier inom bland annat krishantering som sedan används för att jämföra företagens olika arbetsprocesser i samband med gåsdunskandalen. Modellen är uppbyggd i tre faser: krisförberedelse, krishantering och analys/utveckling efter krisen.Metoden vi använde oss av är av kvalitativ art med telefonintervjuer och frågor via mail som insamlingsmetod.Många likheter kom fram under arbetets gång gällande företagens sätt att hantera en publicitetskris jämfört med undersökningsmodellen. Undersökningsmodellen kan således användas som riktlinjer för att hantera en publicitetskris.

The purpose with this report is to highlight the value which Enterprise Architecture (EA) can bring,including the effects that can emerge, for a business. In the report we also study how Enterprise Architecturemay serve as basis for generating even more business value. The study is based on a theoretical frameworkwhich covers the following perspectives; architecture design, strategy development, management of changeand evaluation of IT-investments. Gathering and analysis of empirical data has been performed using acustom-developed model which is based on a model from Sogeti called Dynamic Architecture (van DenBerg and van Steenbergen, 2006) and Innovation Value Institute?s maturity curve (Innovation ValueInstitute, 2008) for Enterprise Architecture management.Explaining the value of Enterprise Architecture is invariably an important topic since many organizationsexpect to be able to generate quick value of the investments made in Enterprise Architecture.

The availability of digital models of real 3D objects is becoming more and more important in many different applications (e-commerce, virtual visits etc). Very often the objects to be represented cannot be modeled by means of the classical 3D modeling tools because of the geometrical complexity or color texture. In these cases, devices for the automatic acquisition of the shape and the color of the objects (3D scanners or range scanners) have to be used. The scanner presented in this work, a Shape from silhouette scanner, is very cheap (it is based on the use of a simple digital camera and a turntable) and easy to use. While maintaining the camera on a tripod and the object on the turntable, the user acquires images with different rotation angles of the table.

Syfte: Syftet med studien a?r att identifiera organisationers virtuella strukturer och hur de anva?nds i organisationerna, fo?r att skapa en fo?rsta?else fo?r vilken betydelse digitala verktyg har fo?r organisationers interna kommunikation. Dessutom vill vi ocksa? o?ka fo?rsta?elsen fo?r hur implementeringen av dessa digitala verktyg fo?r intern kommunikation i organisationer pa?verkar fo?rutsa?ttningarna fo?r hur ledarskap kan bedrivas.Metod: Uppsatsen a?r en kvalitativ studie, da?r intervjuer med sex respondenter fra?n sex olika organisationer ligger som grund fo?r det empiriska materialet.Resultat: Vi fann att den virtuella strukturen i organisationer a?r av stor betydelse fo?r den interna kommunikationen. Den virtuella strukturen besta?r av flera olika komponenter, och de viktigaste a?r E-mail, intrana?t och Lync och organisationerna bedriver sto?rsta delen av sin kommunikation med hja?lp av den virtuella strukturen.

Since 1 January 2010 it is a requirement to use the European standards, Eurocodes, in Sweden when constructing bridges. One chapter that has caused an extra amount of problems for the engineers is the one about fatigue analysis, which resulted in us doing this thesis.To do this we had to read all of the Eurocodes that direct, or indirect deals with fatigue and calculating of such. We have read the background documents for the Eurocodes and master?s thesis in the subject. We also studied the calculations of bridges constructed by different construction firms.We have chosen to limit the thesis to discuss only road bridges made of concrete due to the lack of method for verification of concrete in the national appendix.

Aim: The overall aim of this survey was to show whether, and possibly how, Stockholm?s three biggest football clubs (in supporter counts) works strategically with their communication regarding to supporter violence. A further goal of this paper is to contribute with knowledge that could be used by football clubs in their efforts against supporter violence. From this purpose two questions were constructed: 1) Do football clubs work strategically with their communications with regard to supporter violence? In that case, how? 2) Can work with strategic communication in terms of supporter violence improve? In such cases, how?Material and Method: The method used in this studie is of a qualitative character.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine Skogsstyrelsens event Skogens Dag as an information channel by looking at information use and information behaviour during the communication process of the event. This is done by examining the aims of Skogsstyrelsens information distribution during the event in relation to its outcomes. The evaluation is focused on long term effects on the target group and it is restricted to Skogens Dag in Borås 2005. The question this thesis intends to answer is: How does the event Skogens Dag function as a tool for information distribution? The theoretical background gives an account of the communication process as well as the relevant aspects of marketing, social marketing, campaigns and public relations, as these are communication attempts that can use an event as a medium.

Flera studier, utredningar och vetenskapliga artiklar pekar på att hälsoinsatser på företag kan ha betydelse för att exempelvis förebygga långtidssjukskrivningar. Företagshälsovården, vars huvuduppgift är att agera utifrån vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet, har en stor roll i detta arbete. Dock behöver flera olika delar samverka för att brukandet av företagshälsovårdens tjänster ska ha effekt på arbetstagarna. Här spelar information, motivation och kommunikation en viktig roll.Syftet med denna undersökning är att se hur informationen angående företagshälsovårdens tjänster når berörda parter inom en offentlig arbetsplats. det vi vill ta reda på är hur personalen upplever den information de har fått om företagshälsovården.En begränsad fallstudie gjordes på en offentlig arbetsplats där en intervju genomfördes med personalansvarig. Utöver intervjun gjordes en enkätundersökning på 100 personer på arbetsplatsen.

Sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsarbete har förändrats genom tiderna. I början av 1900-talet var sjuksköterskeyrket ett kall, vilket huvudsakligen innefattades av att se till att smittosamma sjukdomar inte spreds vidare, samt hålla patienten ren. Idag innefattar sjuksköterskeyrket ett mer komplext arbete där administration, specialistvård, teknik, patientnära omvårdnad samt kontakt med andra yrkeskategorier och instanser ska vävas samman. Syftet med den här pilotstudien var att belysa hur fördelningen av sjuksköterskans arbetsuppgifter ser ut över dygnets 24 timmar. Strukturerad observationsmetod användes för datainsamling.

Syftet med denna litteratur studie var att undersöka vetenskaplig litteratur om hur sjuksköterskan och övrig sjukvårdspersonal bemöter och vårdar patienter med missbruksproblem. Begreppet missbruk innefattar alla former av missbruk av både narkotika och alkohol. Artiklarna skulle handla om patienter med ett missbruk och deras möte med vården. Litteratursökningen har skett i följande databaser: Science Direct (Elsevier) PubMed , Blackwell Synergy. Urvalet skedde utifrån relevans till syfte och frågeställningar.

This paper is about sensemaking. By using sensemaking we have derived bankruptcy factors from business leaders? own statements about their bankruptcies. The focus in this paper is to ensure how business leaders create meaning about the bankruptcies, which is also our research question.To make the study feasible, we used a method that corresponds well to the purpose of our work. The collection of data started with collecting a number of newspaper articles with direct quotes from business leaders.

The aim of this Master's thesis is to examine the information use among Swedish backpackers, both prior to departure and while travelling. The questions posed in this study are; which artefacts did the backpackers use, in what way were those used as tools of mediation within their social practice and how does a presumptive interaction between backpackers and information sources appear? The empirical material consists of interviews, held with eight backpackers, concerning their information use. The interviews reveal that a number of information sources are being consulted. The most commonly used sources identified in the empirical material are guide books, advice from other backpackers, fiction, TV programmes and periodicals.